ARTICLE Variation in cougar (Puma concolor) predation habits during wolf (Canis lupus) recovery in the southern Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem

• Main Authors: T D Bartnick, T R Van Deelen, H B Quigley, D Craighead
• Other Authors: The Pennsylvania State University CiteSeerX Archives
• Format: Text
• Language: English
• Subjects: Découverte; Canis lupus
• Online Access: http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.1049.1524; http://static1.squarespace.com/static/528f911de4b01f2a31514e96/t/52d81f27e4b078fe1a8d43ac/1389895463499/cjz-2012-0147.pdf

Abstract: We examined predation habits of cougars (Puma concolor (L., 1771)) following the recent recovery of gray wolves (Canis lupus L., 1758) in the southern Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem. With the extirpation of wolves in the early 20th century, cougars likely expanded their niche space to include space vacated by wolves, and increased use of habitat better suited to the foraging of a coursing predator, like wolves. We predicted that as wolves recolonized their former range, competitive exclusion would compel cougars to cede portions of niche space occupied in the absence of wolves. To examine this hypothesis, we radio-tracked cougars and examined their predation sites from winter 2000-2001 through summer 2009. Variation in foraging by cougars was associated with increasing wolf presence. As wolf numbers increased and the mean distance between wolf pack activity centers and cougar predation sites decreased, cougars made kills at higher elevations on more north-facing slopes during summer and in more rugged areas during winter. In addition, cougars preyed on a higher proportion of mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus (Rafinesque, 1817)), consistent with predictions of exploitative competition with wolves. Observed changes in predation characteristics reflect differences in predation strategy between cougars and wolves, given that wolves are coursing predators and cougars are ambush predators. These possible predation effects should be considered when developing management strategies in systems where the recolonization of wolves may occur. Key words: Canis lupus, cougars, competition, predation, Puma concolor, radio telemetry, recolonization, wolves, Wyoming. Résumé : Nous avons examiné les habitudes de prédation des pumas (Puma concolor (L., 1771)) dans la foulée de la découverte récente de loups gris (Canis lupus L., 1758) dans la partie sud de l'écosystème du Grand Yellowstone. La disparition des loups au début du 20 e siècle a vraisemblablement permis aux pumas d'élargir leur niche pour y inclure des aires ...