Restudy of the worm-like carbonaceous compression fossils Protoarenicola, Pararenicola, and Sinosabellidites from early Neoproterozoic successions in North China
The carbonaceous compression fossils Protoarenicola baiguashanensis Wang, 1982, Pararenicola huaiyuanensis Wang, 1982, and Sinosabellidites huainanensis Zheng, 1980, from the early Neoproterozoic Liulaobei and Jiuliqiao formations in northern Anhui, North China, were previously interpreted as worm-l...
Published in: | Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology |
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Language: | English |
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Online Access: | http://ir.nigpas.ac.cn/handle/332004/174 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2007.05.019 |
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ftchinacscnigpas:oai:ir.nigpas.ac.cn:332004/174 2023-05-15T17:09:34+02:00 Restudy of the worm-like carbonaceous compression fossils Protoarenicola, Pararenicola, and Sinosabellidites from early Neoproterozoic successions in North China Dong, Lin Xiao, Shuhai Shen, Bing Yuan, Xunlai (袁训来) Yan, Xianqin (严贤勤) Peng, Yongbo 2008-02-18 http://ir.nigpas.ac.cn/handle/332004/174 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2007.05.019 英语 eng ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PALAEOGEOGRAPHY PALAEOCLIMATOLOGY PALAEOECOLOGY http://ir.nigpas.ac.cn/handle/332004/174 doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2007.05.019 Protoarenicola Pararenicola Sinosabellidites Neoproterozoic North China Bilaterian Animal Coenocytic Algae Molar-tooth Structures South China Vindhyan Supergroup Mackenzie Mountains Cambrian Transition Belt Supergroup Eastern China Central India Anhui Annelidomorphs Physical Geography Geology Paleontology Geography Physical Geosciences Multidisciplinary 期刊论文 2008 ftchinacscnigpas https://doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2007.05.019 2019-10-11T00:03:06Z The carbonaceous compression fossils Protoarenicola baiguashanensis Wang, 1982, Pararenicola huaiyuanensis Wang, 1982, and Sinosabellidites huainanensis Zheng, 1980, from the early Neoproterozoic Liulaobei and Jiuliqiao formations in northern Anhui, North China, were previously interpreted as worm-like metazoans, largely on the basis of transverse annulations and purported proboscis structures. If correct, these would be some of the earliest known bilaterian animals and would provide a key paleontological calibration to molecular clock analyses. In this study, we examine a large population of these carbonaceous fossils, clarify their taxonomy, and provide new insights into their morphological, paleoecological, and phylogenetic interpretations. Although all three species are characterized by annulated tubes, P. baiguashanensis bears a bulbous terminal structure at one end of its tube. P. huaiyuanensis is characterized by a constricted opening at one end and a closed termination at the other. The two ends of S. huainanensis tubes are both closed and round. The bulbous terminal structure in P. baiguashanensis was previously interpreted as an animal proboscis, but new observations suggest that it was more likely a holdfast structure analogous to discoidal holdfast structures of the Mesoproterozoic Tawuia-like fossil Radhakrishnania Kumar, 2001, and the frondose Ediacara fossil Charniodiscus Ford, 1958. Furthermore, it is possible that at least P. baiguashanensis and P. huaiyuanensis may represent reproductive or taphonomic fragments of the same organism. This reinterpretation weakens the previous interpretation that P. baiguashanensis and P. huaiyuanensis were worm-like bilaterian animals. Instead, they can be alternatively interpreted as erect epibenthic organisms, possibly coenocytic algae reaching a tiering height of 30 mm. The predominance of discoidal holdfasts, as opposed to rhizoidal holdfasts, in pre-Ediacaran epibenthic organisms was probably related to more stable substrates in the presence of microbial mats and in the absence of bioturbating animals. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. Report Mackenzie mountains Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology: NIGPAS OpenIR (Chinese Academy of Sciences) Holdfast ENVELOPE(-66.590,-66.590,-66.803,-66.803) Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 258 3 138 161 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology: NIGPAS OpenIR (Chinese Academy of Sciences) |
op_collection_id |
ftchinacscnigpas |
language |
English |
topic |
Protoarenicola Pararenicola Sinosabellidites Neoproterozoic North China Bilaterian Animal Coenocytic Algae Molar-tooth Structures South China Vindhyan Supergroup Mackenzie Mountains Cambrian Transition Belt Supergroup Eastern China Central India Anhui Annelidomorphs Physical Geography Geology Paleontology Geography Physical Geosciences Multidisciplinary |
spellingShingle |
Protoarenicola Pararenicola Sinosabellidites Neoproterozoic North China Bilaterian Animal Coenocytic Algae Molar-tooth Structures South China Vindhyan Supergroup Mackenzie Mountains Cambrian Transition Belt Supergroup Eastern China Central India Anhui Annelidomorphs Physical Geography Geology Paleontology Geography Physical Geosciences Multidisciplinary Dong, Lin Xiao, Shuhai Shen, Bing Yuan, Xunlai (袁训来) Yan, Xianqin (严贤勤) Peng, Yongbo Restudy of the worm-like carbonaceous compression fossils Protoarenicola, Pararenicola, and Sinosabellidites from early Neoproterozoic successions in North China |
topic_facet |
Protoarenicola Pararenicola Sinosabellidites Neoproterozoic North China Bilaterian Animal Coenocytic Algae Molar-tooth Structures South China Vindhyan Supergroup Mackenzie Mountains Cambrian Transition Belt Supergroup Eastern China Central India Anhui Annelidomorphs Physical Geography Geology Paleontology Geography Physical Geosciences Multidisciplinary |
description |
The carbonaceous compression fossils Protoarenicola baiguashanensis Wang, 1982, Pararenicola huaiyuanensis Wang, 1982, and Sinosabellidites huainanensis Zheng, 1980, from the early Neoproterozoic Liulaobei and Jiuliqiao formations in northern Anhui, North China, were previously interpreted as worm-like metazoans, largely on the basis of transverse annulations and purported proboscis structures. If correct, these would be some of the earliest known bilaterian animals and would provide a key paleontological calibration to molecular clock analyses. In this study, we examine a large population of these carbonaceous fossils, clarify their taxonomy, and provide new insights into their morphological, paleoecological, and phylogenetic interpretations. Although all three species are characterized by annulated tubes, P. baiguashanensis bears a bulbous terminal structure at one end of its tube. P. huaiyuanensis is characterized by a constricted opening at one end and a closed termination at the other. The two ends of S. huainanensis tubes are both closed and round. The bulbous terminal structure in P. baiguashanensis was previously interpreted as an animal proboscis, but new observations suggest that it was more likely a holdfast structure analogous to discoidal holdfast structures of the Mesoproterozoic Tawuia-like fossil Radhakrishnania Kumar, 2001, and the frondose Ediacara fossil Charniodiscus Ford, 1958. Furthermore, it is possible that at least P. baiguashanensis and P. huaiyuanensis may represent reproductive or taphonomic fragments of the same organism. This reinterpretation weakens the previous interpretation that P. baiguashanensis and P. huaiyuanensis were worm-like bilaterian animals. Instead, they can be alternatively interpreted as erect epibenthic organisms, possibly coenocytic algae reaching a tiering height of 30 mm. The predominance of discoidal holdfasts, as opposed to rhizoidal holdfasts, in pre-Ediacaran epibenthic organisms was probably related to more stable substrates in the presence of microbial mats and in the absence of bioturbating animals. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. |
format |
Report |
author |
Dong, Lin Xiao, Shuhai Shen, Bing Yuan, Xunlai (袁训来) Yan, Xianqin (严贤勤) Peng, Yongbo |
author_facet |
Dong, Lin Xiao, Shuhai Shen, Bing Yuan, Xunlai (袁训来) Yan, Xianqin (严贤勤) Peng, Yongbo |
author_sort |
Dong, Lin |
title |
Restudy of the worm-like carbonaceous compression fossils Protoarenicola, Pararenicola, and Sinosabellidites from early Neoproterozoic successions in North China |
title_short |
Restudy of the worm-like carbonaceous compression fossils Protoarenicola, Pararenicola, and Sinosabellidites from early Neoproterozoic successions in North China |
title_full |
Restudy of the worm-like carbonaceous compression fossils Protoarenicola, Pararenicola, and Sinosabellidites from early Neoproterozoic successions in North China |
title_fullStr |
Restudy of the worm-like carbonaceous compression fossils Protoarenicola, Pararenicola, and Sinosabellidites from early Neoproterozoic successions in North China |
title_full_unstemmed |
Restudy of the worm-like carbonaceous compression fossils Protoarenicola, Pararenicola, and Sinosabellidites from early Neoproterozoic successions in North China |
title_sort |
restudy of the worm-like carbonaceous compression fossils protoarenicola, pararenicola, and sinosabellidites from early neoproterozoic successions in north china |
publisher |
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV |
publishDate |
2008 |
url |
http://ir.nigpas.ac.cn/handle/332004/174 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2007.05.019 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-66.590,-66.590,-66.803,-66.803) |
geographic |
Holdfast |
geographic_facet |
Holdfast |
genre |
Mackenzie mountains |
genre_facet |
Mackenzie mountains |
op_relation |
PALAEOGEOGRAPHY PALAEOCLIMATOLOGY PALAEOECOLOGY http://ir.nigpas.ac.cn/handle/332004/174 doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2007.05.019 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2007.05.019 |
container_title |
Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology |
container_volume |
258 |
container_issue |
3 |
container_start_page |
138 |
op_container_end_page |
161 |
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1766065701323276288 |