The Southern Ocean carbon sink has been overestimated in the past three decades
Employing machine learning methods for mapping surface ocean pCO2 has reduced the uncertainty in estimating sea-air CO2 flux. However, a general discrepancy exists between the Southern Ocean carbon sinks derived from pCO2 products and those from biogeochemistry models. Here, by performing a boosting...
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ftchinacasciocas:oai:ir.qdio.ac.cn:337002/186077 2024-09-30T14:43:06+00:00 The Southern Ocean carbon sink has been overestimated in the past three decades Zhong, Guorong Li, Xuegang Song, Jinming Wang, Fan Qu, Baoxiao Wang, Yanjun Zhang, Bin Ma, Jun Yuan, Huamao Duan, Liqin Wang, Qidong Xing, Jianwei Dai, Jiajia 2024-07-24 http://ir.qdio.ac.cn/handle/337002/186077 https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-024-01566-6 英语 eng SPRINGERNATURE COMMUNICATIONS EARTH & ENVIRONMENT http://ir.qdio.ac.cn/handle/337002/186077 doi:10.1038/s43247-024-01566-6 Environmental Sciences & Ecology Geology Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences Environmental Sciences Geosciences Multidisciplinary GRIDDED DATA CO2 SEA PCO(2) VARIABILITY CLIMATOLOGY EXCHANGE RECONSTRUCTION SEAWATER COASTAL 期刊论文 2024 ftchinacasciocas https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-024-01566-6 2024-09-05T23:42:51Z Employing machine learning methods for mapping surface ocean pCO2 has reduced the uncertainty in estimating sea-air CO2 flux. However, a general discrepancy exists between the Southern Ocean carbon sinks derived from pCO2 products and those from biogeochemistry models. Here, by performing a boosting ensemble learning feed-forward neural networks method, we have identified an underestimation of the surface Southern Ocean pCO2 due to notably uneven density of pCO2 measurements between summer and winter, which resulted in about 16% overestimating of Southern Ocean carbon sink over the past three decades. In particular, the Southern Ocean carbon sink since 2010 was notably overestimated by approximately 29%. This overestimation can be mitigated by a winter correction in algorithms, with the average Southern Ocean carbon sink during 1992-2021 corrected to -0.87 PgC yr-1 from the original -1.01 PgC yr-1. Furthermore, the most notable underestimation of surface ocean pCO2 mainly occurred in regions south of 60 degrees S and was hiding under ice cover. As the surface ocean pCO2 under sea ice coverage in the winter is much higher than the atmosphere, if sea ice melts completely, there could be a further reduction of about 0.14 PgC yr-1 in the Southern Ocean carbon sink. Surface partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the Southern Ocean has been underestimated, in particular beneath sea ice, because of uneven observational density in winter and summer, suggesting that the carbon sink may weaken further in the future, according to analyses of in-situ observations with a neural-network-based method. Report Sea ice Southern Ocean Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences: IOCAS-IR Southern Ocean Communications Earth & Environment 5 1 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences: IOCAS-IR |
op_collection_id |
ftchinacasciocas |
language |
English |
topic |
Environmental Sciences & Ecology Geology Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences Environmental Sciences Geosciences Multidisciplinary GRIDDED DATA CO2 SEA PCO(2) VARIABILITY CLIMATOLOGY EXCHANGE RECONSTRUCTION SEAWATER COASTAL |
spellingShingle |
Environmental Sciences & Ecology Geology Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences Environmental Sciences Geosciences Multidisciplinary GRIDDED DATA CO2 SEA PCO(2) VARIABILITY CLIMATOLOGY EXCHANGE RECONSTRUCTION SEAWATER COASTAL Zhong, Guorong Li, Xuegang Song, Jinming Wang, Fan Qu, Baoxiao Wang, Yanjun Zhang, Bin Ma, Jun Yuan, Huamao Duan, Liqin Wang, Qidong Xing, Jianwei Dai, Jiajia The Southern Ocean carbon sink has been overestimated in the past three decades |
topic_facet |
Environmental Sciences & Ecology Geology Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences Environmental Sciences Geosciences Multidisciplinary GRIDDED DATA CO2 SEA PCO(2) VARIABILITY CLIMATOLOGY EXCHANGE RECONSTRUCTION SEAWATER COASTAL |
description |
Employing machine learning methods for mapping surface ocean pCO2 has reduced the uncertainty in estimating sea-air CO2 flux. However, a general discrepancy exists between the Southern Ocean carbon sinks derived from pCO2 products and those from biogeochemistry models. Here, by performing a boosting ensemble learning feed-forward neural networks method, we have identified an underestimation of the surface Southern Ocean pCO2 due to notably uneven density of pCO2 measurements between summer and winter, which resulted in about 16% overestimating of Southern Ocean carbon sink over the past three decades. In particular, the Southern Ocean carbon sink since 2010 was notably overestimated by approximately 29%. This overestimation can be mitigated by a winter correction in algorithms, with the average Southern Ocean carbon sink during 1992-2021 corrected to -0.87 PgC yr-1 from the original -1.01 PgC yr-1. Furthermore, the most notable underestimation of surface ocean pCO2 mainly occurred in regions south of 60 degrees S and was hiding under ice cover. As the surface ocean pCO2 under sea ice coverage in the winter is much higher than the atmosphere, if sea ice melts completely, there could be a further reduction of about 0.14 PgC yr-1 in the Southern Ocean carbon sink. Surface partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the Southern Ocean has been underestimated, in particular beneath sea ice, because of uneven observational density in winter and summer, suggesting that the carbon sink may weaken further in the future, according to analyses of in-situ observations with a neural-network-based method. |
format |
Report |
author |
Zhong, Guorong Li, Xuegang Song, Jinming Wang, Fan Qu, Baoxiao Wang, Yanjun Zhang, Bin Ma, Jun Yuan, Huamao Duan, Liqin Wang, Qidong Xing, Jianwei Dai, Jiajia |
author_facet |
Zhong, Guorong Li, Xuegang Song, Jinming Wang, Fan Qu, Baoxiao Wang, Yanjun Zhang, Bin Ma, Jun Yuan, Huamao Duan, Liqin Wang, Qidong Xing, Jianwei Dai, Jiajia |
author_sort |
Zhong, Guorong |
title |
The Southern Ocean carbon sink has been overestimated in the past three decades |
title_short |
The Southern Ocean carbon sink has been overestimated in the past three decades |
title_full |
The Southern Ocean carbon sink has been overestimated in the past three decades |
title_fullStr |
The Southern Ocean carbon sink has been overestimated in the past three decades |
title_full_unstemmed |
The Southern Ocean carbon sink has been overestimated in the past three decades |
title_sort |
southern ocean carbon sink has been overestimated in the past three decades |
publisher |
SPRINGERNATURE |
publishDate |
2024 |
url |
http://ir.qdio.ac.cn/handle/337002/186077 https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-024-01566-6 |
geographic |
Southern Ocean |
geographic_facet |
Southern Ocean |
genre |
Sea ice Southern Ocean |
genre_facet |
Sea ice Southern Ocean |
op_relation |
COMMUNICATIONS EARTH & ENVIRONMENT http://ir.qdio.ac.cn/handle/337002/186077 doi:10.1038/s43247-024-01566-6 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-024-01566-6 |
container_title |
Communications Earth & Environment |
container_volume |
5 |
container_issue |
1 |
_version_ |
1811645054776770560 |