Major advances in studies of the physical geography and living environment of China during the past 70 years and future prospects

• Published in: Science China Earth Sciences
• Main Authors: Chen, Fahu, Fu, Bojie, Xia, Jun, Wu, Duo, Wu, Shaohong, Zhang, Yili, Sun, Hang, Liu, Yu, Fang, Xiaomin, Qin, Boqiang, Li, Xin, Zhang, Tingjun, Liu, Baoyuan, Dong, Zhibao, Hou, Shugui, Tian, Lide, Xu, Baiqing, Dong, Guanghui, Zheng, Jingyun, Yang, Wei, Wang, Xin, Li, Zaijun, Wang, Fei, Hu, Zhenbo, Wang, Jie, Liu, Jianbao, Chen, Jianhui, Huang, Wei, Hou, Juzhi, Cai, Qiufang, Long, Hao, Jiang, Ming, Hu, Yaxian, Feng, Xiaoming, Mo, Xingguo, Yang, Xiaoyan, Zhang, Dongju, Wang, Xiuhong, Yin, Yunhe, Liu, Xiaochen
• Format: Report
• Language: English
• Published: SCIENCE PRESS 2019
• Subjects: Physical geography in China; Living environment; Climate change; Tibetan Plateau; Human-environment interactions; ASIAN SUMMER MONSOON; LAST GLACIAL MAXIMUM; ARID CENTRAL-ASIA; PERMANENT HUMAN OCCUPATION; AGRICULTURAL SOIL-EROSION; EASTERN TIBETAN PLATEAU; NET PRIMARY PRODUCTION; EUTROPHIC LAKE TAIHU; ICE CORE RECORDS; LOESS PLATEAU; Geology; Geosciences; Multidisciplinary; ice core
• Online Access: http://ir.ieecas.cn/handle/361006/12854; https://doi.org/10.1007/s11430-019-9522-7

The natural environment provides material essentials for human survival and development. The characteristics, processes, regional differentiation and forcing mechanisms of the elements of the natural environment (e.g. geomorphology, climate, hydrology, soil, etc.) are the main objects of research in physical geography. China has a complex natural environment and huge regional differentiation and therefore it provides outstanding reserach opportunities in physical geography. This review summarizes the most important developments and the main contributions of research in the physical geography and human living environment in China during the past 70 years. The major topics addressed are the uplift of the Tibetan Plateau and the evolution of its cryosphere, the development of fluvial systems, the acidification of the vast arid region of the Asian interior, variations in the monsoon and westerly climate systems on multiple timescales, the development of lakes and wetlands, the watershed system model, soil erosion, past human-environment interactions, biogeography, and physical geographic zonality. After briefly introducing international research developments, we review the history of research in physical geography in China, focusing on the major achievements and major academic debates, and finally we summarize the status of current research and the future prospects. We propose that in the context of the national demand for the construction of an ecological civilization, we should make full use of the research findings of physical geography, and determine the patterns and mechanisms of natural environmental processes in order to continue to promote the continued contribution of physical geography to national development strategies, and to further contribute to the theory of physical geography from a global perspective.