A sensitivity study to global desertification in cold and warm climates: results from the IPSL OAGCM model
International audience Many simulations have been devoted to study the impact of global desertification on climate, but very few have quantified this impact in very different climate contexts. Here, the climatic impacts of large-scale global desertification in warm (2100 under the SRES A2 scenario f...
Published in: | Climate Dynamics |
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Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
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HAL CCSD
2012
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Online Access: | https://hal.science/hal-02931505 https://hal.science/hal-02931505/document https://hal.science/hal-02931505/file/Alkama2012_Article_ASensitivityStudyToGlobalDeser.pdf https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-011-1101-6 |
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Open Polar |
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HAL-CEA (Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives) |
op_collection_id |
ftceafr |
language |
English |
topic |
Desert world Cold and warm climate Vegetation-climate feedback Thermohaline circulation [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean Atmosphere [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces environment |
spellingShingle |
Desert world Cold and warm climate Vegetation-climate feedback Thermohaline circulation [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean Atmosphere [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces environment Alkama, Ramdane Kageyama, Masa Ramstein, Gilles A sensitivity study to global desertification in cold and warm climates: results from the IPSL OAGCM model |
topic_facet |
Desert world Cold and warm climate Vegetation-climate feedback Thermohaline circulation [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean Atmosphere [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces environment |
description |
International audience Many simulations have been devoted to study the impact of global desertification on climate, but very few have quantified this impact in very different climate contexts. Here, the climatic impacts of large-scale global desertification in warm (2100 under the SRES A2 scenario forcing), modern and cold (Last Glacial Maximum, 21 thousand years ago) climates are assessed by using the IPSL OAGCM. For each climate, two simulations have been performed, one in which the continents are covered by modern vegetation, the other in which global vegetation is changed to desert i.e. bare soil. The comparison between desert and present vegetation worlds reveals that the prevailing signal in terms of surface energy budget is dominated by the reduction of upward latent heat transfer. Replacing the vegetation by bare soil has similar impacts on surface air temperature South of 20°N in all three climatic contexts, with a warming over tropical forests and a slight cooling over semi-arid and arid areas, and these temperature changes are of the same order of magnitude. North of 20°N, the difference between the temperatures simulated with present day vegetation and in a desert world is mainly due to the change in net radiation related to the modulation of the snow albedo by vegetation, which is obviously absent in the desert world simulations. The enhanced albedo in the desert world simulations induces a large temperature decrease, especially during summer in the cold and modern climatic contexts, whereas the largest difference occurs during winter in the warm climate. This temperature difference requires a larger heat transport to the northern high latitudes. Part of this heat transport increase is achieved through an intensification of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation. This intensi-fication reduces the sea-ice extent and causes a warming over the North Atlantic and Arctic oceans in the warm climate context. In contrast, the large cooling North of 20°N in both the modern and cold climate ... |
author2 |
Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement Gif-sur-Yvette (LSCE) Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)) Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA) Modélisation du climat (CLIM) Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)) |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Alkama, Ramdane Kageyama, Masa Ramstein, Gilles |
author_facet |
Alkama, Ramdane Kageyama, Masa Ramstein, Gilles |
author_sort |
Alkama, Ramdane |
title |
A sensitivity study to global desertification in cold and warm climates: results from the IPSL OAGCM model |
title_short |
A sensitivity study to global desertification in cold and warm climates: results from the IPSL OAGCM model |
title_full |
A sensitivity study to global desertification in cold and warm climates: results from the IPSL OAGCM model |
title_fullStr |
A sensitivity study to global desertification in cold and warm climates: results from the IPSL OAGCM model |
title_full_unstemmed |
A sensitivity study to global desertification in cold and warm climates: results from the IPSL OAGCM model |
title_sort |
sensitivity study to global desertification in cold and warm climates: results from the ipsl oagcm model |
publisher |
HAL CCSD |
publishDate |
2012 |
url |
https://hal.science/hal-02931505 https://hal.science/hal-02931505/document https://hal.science/hal-02931505/file/Alkama2012_Article_ASensitivityStudyToGlobalDeser.pdf https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-011-1101-6 |
genre |
albedo North Atlantic Sea ice |
genre_facet |
albedo North Atlantic Sea ice |
op_source |
ISSN: 0930-7575 EISSN: 1432-0894 Climate Dynamics https://hal.science/hal-02931505 Climate Dynamics, 2012, 38 (7-8), pp.1629-1647. ⟨10.1007/s00382-011-1101-6⟩ |
op_relation |
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1007/s00382-011-1101-6 hal-02931505 https://hal.science/hal-02931505 https://hal.science/hal-02931505/document https://hal.science/hal-02931505/file/Alkama2012_Article_ASensitivityStudyToGlobalDeser.pdf doi:10.1007/s00382-011-1101-6 |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-011-1101-6 |
container_title |
Climate Dynamics |
container_volume |
38 |
container_issue |
7-8 |
container_start_page |
1629 |
op_container_end_page |
1647 |
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1810486542237433856 |
spelling |
ftceafr:oai:HAL:hal-02931505v1 2024-09-15T17:35:59+00:00 A sensitivity study to global desertification in cold and warm climates: results from the IPSL OAGCM model Alkama, Ramdane Kageyama, Masa Ramstein, Gilles Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement Gif-sur-Yvette (LSCE) Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)) Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA) Modélisation du climat (CLIM) Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)) 2012-04 https://hal.science/hal-02931505 https://hal.science/hal-02931505/document https://hal.science/hal-02931505/file/Alkama2012_Article_ASensitivityStudyToGlobalDeser.pdf https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-011-1101-6 en eng HAL CCSD Springer Verlag info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1007/s00382-011-1101-6 hal-02931505 https://hal.science/hal-02931505 https://hal.science/hal-02931505/document https://hal.science/hal-02931505/file/Alkama2012_Article_ASensitivityStudyToGlobalDeser.pdf doi:10.1007/s00382-011-1101-6 info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess ISSN: 0930-7575 EISSN: 1432-0894 Climate Dynamics https://hal.science/hal-02931505 Climate Dynamics, 2012, 38 (7-8), pp.1629-1647. ⟨10.1007/s00382-011-1101-6⟩ Desert world Cold and warm climate Vegetation-climate feedback Thermohaline circulation [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean Atmosphere [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces environment info:eu-repo/semantics/article Journal articles 2012 ftceafr https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-011-1101-6 2024-07-22T13:17:38Z International audience Many simulations have been devoted to study the impact of global desertification on climate, but very few have quantified this impact in very different climate contexts. Here, the climatic impacts of large-scale global desertification in warm (2100 under the SRES A2 scenario forcing), modern and cold (Last Glacial Maximum, 21 thousand years ago) climates are assessed by using the IPSL OAGCM. For each climate, two simulations have been performed, one in which the continents are covered by modern vegetation, the other in which global vegetation is changed to desert i.e. bare soil. The comparison between desert and present vegetation worlds reveals that the prevailing signal in terms of surface energy budget is dominated by the reduction of upward latent heat transfer. Replacing the vegetation by bare soil has similar impacts on surface air temperature South of 20°N in all three climatic contexts, with a warming over tropical forests and a slight cooling over semi-arid and arid areas, and these temperature changes are of the same order of magnitude. North of 20°N, the difference between the temperatures simulated with present day vegetation and in a desert world is mainly due to the change in net radiation related to the modulation of the snow albedo by vegetation, which is obviously absent in the desert world simulations. The enhanced albedo in the desert world simulations induces a large temperature decrease, especially during summer in the cold and modern climatic contexts, whereas the largest difference occurs during winter in the warm climate. This temperature difference requires a larger heat transport to the northern high latitudes. Part of this heat transport increase is achieved through an intensification of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation. This intensi-fication reduces the sea-ice extent and causes a warming over the North Atlantic and Arctic oceans in the warm climate context. In contrast, the large cooling North of 20°N in both the modern and cold climate ... Article in Journal/Newspaper albedo North Atlantic Sea ice HAL-CEA (Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives) Climate Dynamics 38 7-8 1629 1647 |