Catastrophic loss of stratospheric ozone in dense volcanic clouds
Rapid, localized loss of ozone is predicted to occur in the mid-latitude and tropical stratosphere in the presence of very large concentrations of sulfate aerosols. Volcanic eruptions can increase the effective surface area of sulfuric acid so that heterogeneous reactions involving ClONO2, and secon...
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ftcdlib:qt741037pk 2023-05-15T14:01:41+02:00 Catastrophic loss of stratospheric ozone in dense volcanic clouds Prather, Michael 10187 - 10191 1992-06-20 application/pdf http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/741037pk english eng eScholarship, University of California qt741037pk http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/741037pk Attribution (CC BY): http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ CC-BY Prather, Michael. (1992). Catastrophic loss of stratospheric ozone in dense volcanic clouds. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 97(D9), 10187 - 10191. doi:10.1029/92JD00845. UC Irvine: Department of Earth System Science, UCI. Retrieved from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/741037pk Physical Sciences and Mathematics heterogeneous chemistry nitric-acid aerosols article 1992 ftcdlib https://doi.org/10.1029/92JD00845 2016-04-02T18:21:07Z Rapid, localized loss of ozone is predicted to occur in the mid-latitude and tropical stratosphere in the presence of very large concentrations of sulfate aerosols. Volcanic eruptions can increase the effective surface area of sulfuric acid so that heterogeneous reactions involving ClONO2, and secondarily N2O5, are able to suppress NO x abundances by more than a factor of 10 relative to gas phase chemistry. When NO x levels fall below a threshold, e.g., 0.6 ppb at 24 km in mid-latitudes, the chlorine-catalyzed loss of O3proceeds at rates comparable to those during the formation of the Antarctic ozone hole, more than 50 ppb per day. If such losses occurred following the eruption of Mount Pinatubo in the most volcanically perturbed regions over the tropics and mid-latitudes, this model predicts that they are driven primarily by the suppression Of NO x below these critical levels. The increase in stratospheric chlorine since El Chichon has made Mount Pinatubo more than twice as effective in causing rapid O3 loss. Overall global losses associated with a volcanic eruption are approximately linear in the amount of sulfate surface area, but depend critically on the rate of the CIONO2-sulfate reaction. Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic University of California: eScholarship Antarctic The Antarctic Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres 97 D9 10187 10191 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
University of California: eScholarship |
op_collection_id |
ftcdlib |
language |
English |
topic |
Physical Sciences and Mathematics heterogeneous chemistry nitric-acid aerosols |
spellingShingle |
Physical Sciences and Mathematics heterogeneous chemistry nitric-acid aerosols Prather, Michael Catastrophic loss of stratospheric ozone in dense volcanic clouds |
topic_facet |
Physical Sciences and Mathematics heterogeneous chemistry nitric-acid aerosols |
description |
Rapid, localized loss of ozone is predicted to occur in the mid-latitude and tropical stratosphere in the presence of very large concentrations of sulfate aerosols. Volcanic eruptions can increase the effective surface area of sulfuric acid so that heterogeneous reactions involving ClONO2, and secondarily N2O5, are able to suppress NO x abundances by more than a factor of 10 relative to gas phase chemistry. When NO x levels fall below a threshold, e.g., 0.6 ppb at 24 km in mid-latitudes, the chlorine-catalyzed loss of O3proceeds at rates comparable to those during the formation of the Antarctic ozone hole, more than 50 ppb per day. If such losses occurred following the eruption of Mount Pinatubo in the most volcanically perturbed regions over the tropics and mid-latitudes, this model predicts that they are driven primarily by the suppression Of NO x below these critical levels. The increase in stratospheric chlorine since El Chichon has made Mount Pinatubo more than twice as effective in causing rapid O3 loss. Overall global losses associated with a volcanic eruption are approximately linear in the amount of sulfate surface area, but depend critically on the rate of the CIONO2-sulfate reaction. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Prather, Michael |
author_facet |
Prather, Michael |
author_sort |
Prather, Michael |
title |
Catastrophic loss of stratospheric ozone in dense volcanic clouds |
title_short |
Catastrophic loss of stratospheric ozone in dense volcanic clouds |
title_full |
Catastrophic loss of stratospheric ozone in dense volcanic clouds |
title_fullStr |
Catastrophic loss of stratospheric ozone in dense volcanic clouds |
title_full_unstemmed |
Catastrophic loss of stratospheric ozone in dense volcanic clouds |
title_sort |
catastrophic loss of stratospheric ozone in dense volcanic clouds |
publisher |
eScholarship, University of California |
publishDate |
1992 |
url |
http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/741037pk |
op_coverage |
10187 - 10191 |
geographic |
Antarctic The Antarctic |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic The Antarctic |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic |
op_source |
Prather, Michael. (1992). Catastrophic loss of stratospheric ozone in dense volcanic clouds. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 97(D9), 10187 - 10191. doi:10.1029/92JD00845. UC Irvine: Department of Earth System Science, UCI. Retrieved from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/741037pk |
op_relation |
qt741037pk http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/741037pk |
op_rights |
Attribution (CC BY): http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1029/92JD00845 |
container_title |
Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres |
container_volume |
97 |
container_issue |
D9 |
container_start_page |
10187 |
op_container_end_page |
10191 |
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1766271713984643072 |