Interhemispheric Temperature Asymmetry over the Twentieth Century and in Future Projections
The temperature contrast between the Northern and Southern Hemispheres—the interhemispheric temperature asymmetry (ITA)—is an emerging indicator of global climate change, potentially relevant to the Hadley circulation and tropical rainfall. The authors examine the ITA in historical observations and...
Published in: | Journal of Climate |
---|---|
Main Authors: | , , , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
Published: |
eScholarship, University of California
2013
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/6620x4b8 |
id |
ftcdlib:qt6620x4b8 |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
ftcdlib:qt6620x4b8 2023-05-15T15:13:17+02:00 Interhemispheric Temperature Asymmetry over the Twentieth Century and in Future Projections Friedman, Andrew R Hwang, Yen-Ting Chiang, John C. H Frierson, Dargan M. W 5419 - 5433 2013-08-01 application/pdf http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/6620x4b8 english eng eScholarship, University of California qt6620x4b8 http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/6620x4b8 public Friedman, Andrew R; Hwang, Yen-Ting; Chiang, John C. H; & Frierson, Dargan M. W. (2013). Interhemispheric Temperature Asymmetry over the Twentieth Century and in Future Projections. Journal of Climate, 26(15), 5419 - 5433. doi:10.1175/JCLI-D-12-00525.1. UC Berkeley: UC Berkeley Library. Retrieved from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/6620x4b8 Physical Sciences and Mathematics BRII recipient: Friedman (hybrid) article 2013 ftcdlib https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-12-00525.1 2016-12-23T23:50:35Z The temperature contrast between the Northern and Southern Hemispheres—the interhemispheric temperature asymmetry (ITA)—is an emerging indicator of global climate change, potentially relevant to the Hadley circulation and tropical rainfall. The authors examine the ITA in historical observations and in phases 3 and 5 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP3 and CMIP5) simulations. The observed annual-mean ITA (north minus south) has varied within a 0.8°C range and features a significant positive trend since 1980. The CMIP multimodel ensembles simulate this trend, with a stronger and more realistic signal in CMIP5. Both ensembles project a continued increase in the ITA over the twenty-first century, well outside the twentieth-century range. The authors mainly attribute this increase to the uneven spatial impacts of greenhouse forcing, which result in amplified warming in the Arctic and northern landmasses. The CMIP5 specific-forcing simulations indicate that, before 1980, the greenhouse-forced ITA trend was primarily countered by anthropogenic aerosols. The authors also identify an abrupt decrease in the observed ITA in the late 1960s, which is generally not present in the CMIP simulations; it suggests that the observed drop was caused by internal variability. The difference in the strengths of the northern and southern Hadley cells covaries with the ITA in the CMIP5 simulations, in accordance with previous findings; the authors also find an association with the hemispheric asymmetry in tropical rainfall. These relationships imply a northward shift in tropical rainfall with increasing ITA in the twenty-first century, though this result is difficult to separate from the response to global-mean temperature change. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Climate change University of California: eScholarship Arctic Journal of Climate 26 15 5419 5433 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
University of California: eScholarship |
op_collection_id |
ftcdlib |
language |
English |
topic |
Physical Sciences and Mathematics BRII recipient: Friedman (hybrid) |
spellingShingle |
Physical Sciences and Mathematics BRII recipient: Friedman (hybrid) Friedman, Andrew R Hwang, Yen-Ting Chiang, John C. H Frierson, Dargan M. W Interhemispheric Temperature Asymmetry over the Twentieth Century and in Future Projections |
topic_facet |
Physical Sciences and Mathematics BRII recipient: Friedman (hybrid) |
description |
The temperature contrast between the Northern and Southern Hemispheres—the interhemispheric temperature asymmetry (ITA)—is an emerging indicator of global climate change, potentially relevant to the Hadley circulation and tropical rainfall. The authors examine the ITA in historical observations and in phases 3 and 5 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP3 and CMIP5) simulations. The observed annual-mean ITA (north minus south) has varied within a 0.8°C range and features a significant positive trend since 1980. The CMIP multimodel ensembles simulate this trend, with a stronger and more realistic signal in CMIP5. Both ensembles project a continued increase in the ITA over the twenty-first century, well outside the twentieth-century range. The authors mainly attribute this increase to the uneven spatial impacts of greenhouse forcing, which result in amplified warming in the Arctic and northern landmasses. The CMIP5 specific-forcing simulations indicate that, before 1980, the greenhouse-forced ITA trend was primarily countered by anthropogenic aerosols. The authors also identify an abrupt decrease in the observed ITA in the late 1960s, which is generally not present in the CMIP simulations; it suggests that the observed drop was caused by internal variability. The difference in the strengths of the northern and southern Hadley cells covaries with the ITA in the CMIP5 simulations, in accordance with previous findings; the authors also find an association with the hemispheric asymmetry in tropical rainfall. These relationships imply a northward shift in tropical rainfall with increasing ITA in the twenty-first century, though this result is difficult to separate from the response to global-mean temperature change. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Friedman, Andrew R Hwang, Yen-Ting Chiang, John C. H Frierson, Dargan M. W |
author_facet |
Friedman, Andrew R Hwang, Yen-Ting Chiang, John C. H Frierson, Dargan M. W |
author_sort |
Friedman, Andrew R |
title |
Interhemispheric Temperature Asymmetry over the Twentieth Century and in Future Projections |
title_short |
Interhemispheric Temperature Asymmetry over the Twentieth Century and in Future Projections |
title_full |
Interhemispheric Temperature Asymmetry over the Twentieth Century and in Future Projections |
title_fullStr |
Interhemispheric Temperature Asymmetry over the Twentieth Century and in Future Projections |
title_full_unstemmed |
Interhemispheric Temperature Asymmetry over the Twentieth Century and in Future Projections |
title_sort |
interhemispheric temperature asymmetry over the twentieth century and in future projections |
publisher |
eScholarship, University of California |
publishDate |
2013 |
url |
http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/6620x4b8 |
op_coverage |
5419 - 5433 |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic Climate change |
genre_facet |
Arctic Climate change |
op_source |
Friedman, Andrew R; Hwang, Yen-Ting; Chiang, John C. H; & Frierson, Dargan M. W. (2013). Interhemispheric Temperature Asymmetry over the Twentieth Century and in Future Projections. Journal of Climate, 26(15), 5419 - 5433. doi:10.1175/JCLI-D-12-00525.1. UC Berkeley: UC Berkeley Library. Retrieved from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/6620x4b8 |
op_relation |
qt6620x4b8 http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/6620x4b8 |
op_rights |
public |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-12-00525.1 |
container_title |
Journal of Climate |
container_volume |
26 |
container_issue |
15 |
container_start_page |
5419 |
op_container_end_page |
5433 |
_version_ |
1766343859246202880 |