20th-Century Industrial Black Carbon Emissions Altered Arctic Climate Forcing
Black carbon (BC) from biomass and fossil fuel combustion alters chemical and physical properties of the atmosphere and snow albedo, yet little is known about its emission or deposition histories. Measurements of BC, vanillic acid, and non–sea-salt sulfur in ice cores indicate that sources and conce...
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ftcdlib:qt5gs2m8zn 2023-05-15T13:11:07+02:00 20th-Century Industrial Black Carbon Emissions Altered Arctic Climate Forcing McConnell, J. R Edwards, R. Kok, G. L Flanner, M. G Zender, C. S Saltzman, E. S Banta, J. R Pasteris, D. R Carter, M. M Kahl, J. D. W 1381 - 1384 2007-09-07 application/pdf http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/5gs2m8zn english eng eScholarship, University of California qt5gs2m8zn http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/5gs2m8zn Attribution (CC BY): http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ CC-BY McConnell, J. R; Edwards, R.; Kok, G. L; Flanner, M. G; Zender, C. S; Saltzman, E. S; et al.(2007). 20th-Century Industrial Black Carbon Emissions Altered Arctic Climate Forcing. Science, 317(5843), 1381 - 1384. doi:10.1126/science.1144856. UC Irvine: Department of Earth System Science, UCI. Retrieved from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/5gs2m8zn Physical Sciences and Mathematics article 2007 ftcdlib https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1144856 2016-04-02T18:38:28Z Black carbon (BC) from biomass and fossil fuel combustion alters chemical and physical properties of the atmosphere and snow albedo, yet little is known about its emission or deposition histories. Measurements of BC, vanillic acid, and non–sea-salt sulfur in ice cores indicate that sources and concentrations of BC in Greenland precipitation varied greatly since 1788 as a result of boreal forest fires and industrial activities. Beginning about 1850, industrial emissions resulted in a sevenfold increase in ice-core BC concentrations, with most change occurring in winter. BC concentrations after about 1951 were lower but increasing. At its maximum from 1906 to 1910, estimated surface climate forcing in early summer from BC in Arctic snow was about 3 watts per square meter, which is eight times the typical preindustrial forcing value. Article in Journal/Newspaper albedo Arctic Arctic black carbon Greenland ice core University of California: eScholarship Arctic Greenland Science 317 5843 1381 1384 |
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Open Polar |
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University of California: eScholarship |
op_collection_id |
ftcdlib |
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English |
topic |
Physical Sciences and Mathematics |
spellingShingle |
Physical Sciences and Mathematics McConnell, J. R Edwards, R. Kok, G. L Flanner, M. G Zender, C. S Saltzman, E. S Banta, J. R Pasteris, D. R Carter, M. M Kahl, J. D. W 20th-Century Industrial Black Carbon Emissions Altered Arctic Climate Forcing |
topic_facet |
Physical Sciences and Mathematics |
description |
Black carbon (BC) from biomass and fossil fuel combustion alters chemical and physical properties of the atmosphere and snow albedo, yet little is known about its emission or deposition histories. Measurements of BC, vanillic acid, and non–sea-salt sulfur in ice cores indicate that sources and concentrations of BC in Greenland precipitation varied greatly since 1788 as a result of boreal forest fires and industrial activities. Beginning about 1850, industrial emissions resulted in a sevenfold increase in ice-core BC concentrations, with most change occurring in winter. BC concentrations after about 1951 were lower but increasing. At its maximum from 1906 to 1910, estimated surface climate forcing in early summer from BC in Arctic snow was about 3 watts per square meter, which is eight times the typical preindustrial forcing value. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
McConnell, J. R Edwards, R. Kok, G. L Flanner, M. G Zender, C. S Saltzman, E. S Banta, J. R Pasteris, D. R Carter, M. M Kahl, J. D. W |
author_facet |
McConnell, J. R Edwards, R. Kok, G. L Flanner, M. G Zender, C. S Saltzman, E. S Banta, J. R Pasteris, D. R Carter, M. M Kahl, J. D. W |
author_sort |
McConnell, J. R |
title |
20th-Century Industrial Black Carbon Emissions Altered Arctic Climate Forcing |
title_short |
20th-Century Industrial Black Carbon Emissions Altered Arctic Climate Forcing |
title_full |
20th-Century Industrial Black Carbon Emissions Altered Arctic Climate Forcing |
title_fullStr |
20th-Century Industrial Black Carbon Emissions Altered Arctic Climate Forcing |
title_full_unstemmed |
20th-Century Industrial Black Carbon Emissions Altered Arctic Climate Forcing |
title_sort |
20th-century industrial black carbon emissions altered arctic climate forcing |
publisher |
eScholarship, University of California |
publishDate |
2007 |
url |
http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/5gs2m8zn |
op_coverage |
1381 - 1384 |
geographic |
Arctic Greenland |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Greenland |
genre |
albedo Arctic Arctic black carbon Greenland ice core |
genre_facet |
albedo Arctic Arctic black carbon Greenland ice core |
op_source |
McConnell, J. R; Edwards, R.; Kok, G. L; Flanner, M. G; Zender, C. S; Saltzman, E. S; et al.(2007). 20th-Century Industrial Black Carbon Emissions Altered Arctic Climate Forcing. Science, 317(5843), 1381 - 1384. doi:10.1126/science.1144856. UC Irvine: Department of Earth System Science, UCI. Retrieved from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/5gs2m8zn |
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qt5gs2m8zn http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/5gs2m8zn |
op_rights |
Attribution (CC BY): http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1144856 |
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Science |
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317 |
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5843 |
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1381 |
op_container_end_page |
1384 |
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1766246043375108096 |