A 350-year atmospheric history for carbonyl sulfide inferred from Antarctic firn air and air trapped in ice
Carbonyl sulfide (COS) and other trace gases were measured in firn air collected near South Pole (89.98°S) and from air trapped in ice at Siple Dome, Antarctica (81.65°S). The results, when considered with ambient air data and previous ice core measurements, provide further evidence that atmospheric...
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Language: | English |
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ftcdlib:qt17j6m436 2023-05-15T14:01:33+02:00 A 350-year atmospheric history for carbonyl sulfide inferred from Antarctic firn air and air trapped in ice Montzka, S. A Aydin, M. Butler, J. H. Battle , M. Saltzman , E. S. Dutton , G. S. Hall , B. D. Clarke , A. D. Mondeel , D. Elkins , J. W. 2004-11-01 application/pdf http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/17j6m436 english eng eScholarship, University of California qt17j6m436 http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/17j6m436 Attribution (CC BY): http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ CC-BY Montzka, S. A; Aydin, M.; Butler, J. H.; Battle , M.; Saltzman , E. S.; Dutton , G. S.; et al.(2004). A 350-year atmospheric history for carbonyl sulfide inferred from Antarctic firn air and air trapped in ice. Journal of Geophysical Research, 109(D22). doi:10.1029/2004JD004686. UC Irvine: Department of Earth System Science, UCI. Retrieved from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/17j6m436 Physical Sciences and Mathematics aerosol atmospheric chemistry carbonyl compound chemical composition ice crystal mixing ratio trace gas Antarctica Arctic and Antarctic Siple Dome West Antarctica world article 2004 ftcdlib https://doi.org/10.1029/2004JD004686 2016-04-02T18:31:23Z Carbonyl sulfide (COS) and other trace gases were measured in firn air collected near South Pole (89.98°S) and from air trapped in ice at Siple Dome, Antarctica (81.65°S). The results, when considered with ambient air data and previous ice core measurements, provide further evidence that atmospheric mixing ratios of COS over Antarctica between 1650 and 1850 A.D. were substantially lower than those observed today. Specifically, the results suggest annual mean COS mixing ratios between 300 and 400 pmol mol−1 (ppt) during 1650–1850 A.D. and increases throughout most of the twentieth century. Measurements of COS in modern air and in the upper layers of the firn at South Pole indicate ambient, annual mean mixing ratios between 480 and 490 ppt with substantial seasonal variations. Peak mixing ratios are observed during austral summer in ambient air at South Pole and Cape Grim, Tasmania (40.41°S). Provided COS is not produced or destroyed in firn, these results also suggest that atmospheric COS mixing ratios have decreased 60–90 ppt (10–16%) since the 1980s in high latitudes of the Southern Hemisphere. The history derived for atmospheric mixing ratios of COS in the Southern Hemisphere since 1850 is closely related to historical anthropogenic sulfur emissions. The fraction of anthropogenic sulfur emissions released as COS (directly or indirectly) needed to explain the secular changes in atmospheric COS over this period is 0.3–0.6%. Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Arctic ice core South pole South pole West Antarctica University of California: eScholarship Antarctic Arctic Austral Grim ENVELOPE(-64.486,-64.486,-65.379,-65.379) Siple ENVELOPE(-83.917,-83.917,-75.917,-75.917) Siple Dome ENVELOPE(-148.833,-148.833,-81.667,-81.667) South Pole West Antarctica Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres 109 D22 n/a n/a |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
University of California: eScholarship |
op_collection_id |
ftcdlib |
language |
English |
topic |
Physical Sciences and Mathematics aerosol atmospheric chemistry carbonyl compound chemical composition ice crystal mixing ratio trace gas Antarctica Arctic and Antarctic Siple Dome West Antarctica world |
spellingShingle |
Physical Sciences and Mathematics aerosol atmospheric chemistry carbonyl compound chemical composition ice crystal mixing ratio trace gas Antarctica Arctic and Antarctic Siple Dome West Antarctica world Montzka, S. A Aydin, M. Butler, J. H. Battle , M. Saltzman , E. S. Dutton , G. S. Hall , B. D. Clarke , A. D. Mondeel , D. Elkins , J. W. A 350-year atmospheric history for carbonyl sulfide inferred from Antarctic firn air and air trapped in ice |
topic_facet |
Physical Sciences and Mathematics aerosol atmospheric chemistry carbonyl compound chemical composition ice crystal mixing ratio trace gas Antarctica Arctic and Antarctic Siple Dome West Antarctica world |
description |
Carbonyl sulfide (COS) and other trace gases were measured in firn air collected near South Pole (89.98°S) and from air trapped in ice at Siple Dome, Antarctica (81.65°S). The results, when considered with ambient air data and previous ice core measurements, provide further evidence that atmospheric mixing ratios of COS over Antarctica between 1650 and 1850 A.D. were substantially lower than those observed today. Specifically, the results suggest annual mean COS mixing ratios between 300 and 400 pmol mol−1 (ppt) during 1650–1850 A.D. and increases throughout most of the twentieth century. Measurements of COS in modern air and in the upper layers of the firn at South Pole indicate ambient, annual mean mixing ratios between 480 and 490 ppt with substantial seasonal variations. Peak mixing ratios are observed during austral summer in ambient air at South Pole and Cape Grim, Tasmania (40.41°S). Provided COS is not produced or destroyed in firn, these results also suggest that atmospheric COS mixing ratios have decreased 60–90 ppt (10–16%) since the 1980s in high latitudes of the Southern Hemisphere. The history derived for atmospheric mixing ratios of COS in the Southern Hemisphere since 1850 is closely related to historical anthropogenic sulfur emissions. The fraction of anthropogenic sulfur emissions released as COS (directly or indirectly) needed to explain the secular changes in atmospheric COS over this period is 0.3–0.6%. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Montzka, S. A Aydin, M. Butler, J. H. Battle , M. Saltzman , E. S. Dutton , G. S. Hall , B. D. Clarke , A. D. Mondeel , D. Elkins , J. W. |
author_facet |
Montzka, S. A Aydin, M. Butler, J. H. Battle , M. Saltzman , E. S. Dutton , G. S. Hall , B. D. Clarke , A. D. Mondeel , D. Elkins , J. W. |
author_sort |
Montzka, S. A |
title |
A 350-year atmospheric history for carbonyl sulfide inferred from Antarctic firn air and air trapped in ice |
title_short |
A 350-year atmospheric history for carbonyl sulfide inferred from Antarctic firn air and air trapped in ice |
title_full |
A 350-year atmospheric history for carbonyl sulfide inferred from Antarctic firn air and air trapped in ice |
title_fullStr |
A 350-year atmospheric history for carbonyl sulfide inferred from Antarctic firn air and air trapped in ice |
title_full_unstemmed |
A 350-year atmospheric history for carbonyl sulfide inferred from Antarctic firn air and air trapped in ice |
title_sort |
350-year atmospheric history for carbonyl sulfide inferred from antarctic firn air and air trapped in ice |
publisher |
eScholarship, University of California |
publishDate |
2004 |
url |
http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/17j6m436 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-64.486,-64.486,-65.379,-65.379) ENVELOPE(-83.917,-83.917,-75.917,-75.917) ENVELOPE(-148.833,-148.833,-81.667,-81.667) |
geographic |
Antarctic Arctic Austral Grim Siple Siple Dome South Pole West Antarctica |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic Arctic Austral Grim Siple Siple Dome South Pole West Antarctica |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Arctic ice core South pole South pole West Antarctica |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Arctic ice core South pole South pole West Antarctica |
op_source |
Montzka, S. A; Aydin, M.; Butler, J. H.; Battle , M.; Saltzman , E. S.; Dutton , G. S.; et al.(2004). A 350-year atmospheric history for carbonyl sulfide inferred from Antarctic firn air and air trapped in ice. Journal of Geophysical Research, 109(D22). doi:10.1029/2004JD004686. UC Irvine: Department of Earth System Science, UCI. Retrieved from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/17j6m436 |
op_relation |
qt17j6m436 http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/17j6m436 |
op_rights |
Attribution (CC BY): http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1029/2004JD004686 |
container_title |
Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres |
container_volume |
109 |
container_issue |
D22 |
container_start_page |
n/a |
op_container_end_page |
n/a |
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1766271390896357376 |