Sea spray aerosol as a unique source of ice nucleating particles
Ice nucleating particles (INPs) are vital for ice initiation in, and precipitation from, mixed-phase clouds. A source of INPs from oceans within sea spray aerosol (SSA) emissions has been suggested in previous studies but remained unconfirmed. Here, we show that INPs are emitted using real wave brea...
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ftcdlib:qt1520w93g 2023-05-15T18:25:36+02:00 Sea spray aerosol as a unique source of ice nucleating particles DeMott, PJ Hill, TCJ McCluskey, CS Prather, KA Collins, DB Sullivan, RC Ruppel, MJ Mason, RH Irish, VE Lee, T Hwang, CY Rhee, TS Snider, JR McMeeking, GR Dhaniyala, S Lewis, ER Wentzell, JJB Abbatt, J Lee, C Sultana, CM Ault, AP Axson, JL Martinez, MD Venero, I Santos-Figueroa, G Stokes, MD Deane, GB Mayol-Bracero, OL Grassian, VH Bertram, TH Bertram, AK Moffett, BF Franc, GD 5797 - 5803 2016-05-24 application/pdf http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/1520w93g english eng eScholarship, University of California qt1520w93g http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/1520w93g public DeMott, PJ; Hill, TCJ; McCluskey, CS; Prather, KA; Collins, DB; Sullivan, RC; et al.(2016). Sea spray aerosol as a unique source of ice nucleating particles. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 113(21), 5797 - 5803. doi:10.1073/pnas.1514034112. UC San Diego: Retrieved from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/1520w93g marine aerosols ice nucleation clouds article 2016 ftcdlib https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1514034112 2018-07-13T22:56:32Z Ice nucleating particles (INPs) are vital for ice initiation in, and precipitation from, mixed-phase clouds. A source of INPs from oceans within sea spray aerosol (SSA) emissions has been suggested in previous studies but remained unconfirmed. Here, we show that INPs are emitted using real wave breaking in a laboratory flume to produce SSA. The number concentrations of INPs from laboratorygenerated SSA, when normalized to typical total aerosol number concentrations in the marine boundary layer, agree well with measurements from diverse regions over the oceans. Data in the present study are also in accord with previously published INP measurements made over remote ocean regions. INP number concentrations active within liquid water droplets increase exponentially in number with a decrease in temperature below 0 ° C, averaging an order of magnitude increase per 5 ° C interval. The plausibility of a strong increase in SSA INP emissions in association with phytoplankton blooms is also shown in laboratory simulations. Nevertheless, INP number concentrations, or active site densities approximated using "dry" geometric SSA surface areas, are a few orders of magnitude lower than corresponding concentrations or site densities in the surface boundary layer over continental regions. These findings have important implications for cloud radiative forcing and precipitation within low-level and midlevel marine clouds unaffected by continental INP sources, such as may occur over the Southern Ocean. Article in Journal/Newspaper Southern Ocean University of California: eScholarship Southern Ocean Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 113 21 5797 5803 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
University of California: eScholarship |
op_collection_id |
ftcdlib |
language |
English |
topic |
marine aerosols ice nucleation clouds |
spellingShingle |
marine aerosols ice nucleation clouds DeMott, PJ Hill, TCJ McCluskey, CS Prather, KA Collins, DB Sullivan, RC Ruppel, MJ Mason, RH Irish, VE Lee, T Hwang, CY Rhee, TS Snider, JR McMeeking, GR Dhaniyala, S Lewis, ER Wentzell, JJB Abbatt, J Lee, C Sultana, CM Ault, AP Axson, JL Martinez, MD Venero, I Santos-Figueroa, G Stokes, MD Deane, GB Mayol-Bracero, OL Grassian, VH Bertram, TH Bertram, AK Moffett, BF Franc, GD Sea spray aerosol as a unique source of ice nucleating particles |
topic_facet |
marine aerosols ice nucleation clouds |
description |
Ice nucleating particles (INPs) are vital for ice initiation in, and precipitation from, mixed-phase clouds. A source of INPs from oceans within sea spray aerosol (SSA) emissions has been suggested in previous studies but remained unconfirmed. Here, we show that INPs are emitted using real wave breaking in a laboratory flume to produce SSA. The number concentrations of INPs from laboratorygenerated SSA, when normalized to typical total aerosol number concentrations in the marine boundary layer, agree well with measurements from diverse regions over the oceans. Data in the present study are also in accord with previously published INP measurements made over remote ocean regions. INP number concentrations active within liquid water droplets increase exponentially in number with a decrease in temperature below 0 ° C, averaging an order of magnitude increase per 5 ° C interval. The plausibility of a strong increase in SSA INP emissions in association with phytoplankton blooms is also shown in laboratory simulations. Nevertheless, INP number concentrations, or active site densities approximated using "dry" geometric SSA surface areas, are a few orders of magnitude lower than corresponding concentrations or site densities in the surface boundary layer over continental regions. These findings have important implications for cloud radiative forcing and precipitation within low-level and midlevel marine clouds unaffected by continental INP sources, such as may occur over the Southern Ocean. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
DeMott, PJ Hill, TCJ McCluskey, CS Prather, KA Collins, DB Sullivan, RC Ruppel, MJ Mason, RH Irish, VE Lee, T Hwang, CY Rhee, TS Snider, JR McMeeking, GR Dhaniyala, S Lewis, ER Wentzell, JJB Abbatt, J Lee, C Sultana, CM Ault, AP Axson, JL Martinez, MD Venero, I Santos-Figueroa, G Stokes, MD Deane, GB Mayol-Bracero, OL Grassian, VH Bertram, TH Bertram, AK Moffett, BF Franc, GD |
author_facet |
DeMott, PJ Hill, TCJ McCluskey, CS Prather, KA Collins, DB Sullivan, RC Ruppel, MJ Mason, RH Irish, VE Lee, T Hwang, CY Rhee, TS Snider, JR McMeeking, GR Dhaniyala, S Lewis, ER Wentzell, JJB Abbatt, J Lee, C Sultana, CM Ault, AP Axson, JL Martinez, MD Venero, I Santos-Figueroa, G Stokes, MD Deane, GB Mayol-Bracero, OL Grassian, VH Bertram, TH Bertram, AK Moffett, BF Franc, GD |
author_sort |
DeMott, PJ |
title |
Sea spray aerosol as a unique source of ice nucleating particles |
title_short |
Sea spray aerosol as a unique source of ice nucleating particles |
title_full |
Sea spray aerosol as a unique source of ice nucleating particles |
title_fullStr |
Sea spray aerosol as a unique source of ice nucleating particles |
title_full_unstemmed |
Sea spray aerosol as a unique source of ice nucleating particles |
title_sort |
sea spray aerosol as a unique source of ice nucleating particles |
publisher |
eScholarship, University of California |
publishDate |
2016 |
url |
http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/1520w93g |
op_coverage |
5797 - 5803 |
geographic |
Southern Ocean |
geographic_facet |
Southern Ocean |
genre |
Southern Ocean |
genre_facet |
Southern Ocean |
op_source |
DeMott, PJ; Hill, TCJ; McCluskey, CS; Prather, KA; Collins, DB; Sullivan, RC; et al.(2016). Sea spray aerosol as a unique source of ice nucleating particles. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 113(21), 5797 - 5803. doi:10.1073/pnas.1514034112. UC San Diego: Retrieved from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/1520w93g |
op_relation |
qt1520w93g http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/1520w93g |
op_rights |
public |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1514034112 |
container_title |
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences |
container_volume |
113 |
container_issue |
21 |
container_start_page |
5797 |
op_container_end_page |
5803 |
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1766207171730604032 |