Behavioural responses of fin whales to military mid-frequency active sonar.
The effect of active sonars on marine mammal behaviour is a topic of considerable interest and scientific investigation. Some whales, including the largest species (blue whales, Balaenoptera musculus), can be impacted by mid-frequency (1-10 kHz) military sonars. Here we apply complementary experimen...
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2023
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ftcdlib:oai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt9ng4p537 2024-02-27T08:39:00+00:00 Behavioural responses of fin whales to military mid-frequency active sonar. Southall, Brandon Allen, Ann Calambokidis, John Casey, Caroline DeRuiter, Stacy Fregosi, Selene Popov, Valentin Stimpert, Alison Goldbogen, Jeremy Harris, Catriona Friedlaender, Ari Hazen, Elliott 2023-12-01 application/pdf https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9ng4p537 unknown eScholarship, University of California qt9ng4p537 https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9ng4p537 public Royal Society Open Science, vol 10, iss 12 behaviour fin whales marine mammals mid-frequency sonar noise article 2023 ftcdlib 2024-01-29T19:06:38Z The effect of active sonars on marine mammal behaviour is a topic of considerable interest and scientific investigation. Some whales, including the largest species (blue whales, Balaenoptera musculus), can be impacted by mid-frequency (1-10 kHz) military sonars. Here we apply complementary experimental methods to provide the first experimentally controlled measurements of behavioural responses to military sonar and similar stimuli for a related endangered species, fin whales (Balaenoptera physalus). Analytical methods include: (i) principal component analysis paired with generalized additive mixed models; (ii) hidden Markov models; and (iii) structured expert elicitation using response severity metrics. These approaches provide complementary perspectives on the nature of potential changes within and across individuals. Behavioural changes were detected in five of 15 whales during controlled exposure experiments using mid-frequency active sonar or pseudorandom noise of similar frequency, duration and source and received level. No changes were detected during six control (no noise) sequences. Overall responses were more limited in occurrence, severity and duration than in blue whales and were less dependent upon contextual aspects of exposure and more contingent upon exposure received level. Quantifying the factors influencing marine mammal responses to sonar is critical in assessing and mitigating future impacts. Article in Journal/Newspaper Balaenoptera musculus Balaenoptera physalus University of California: eScholarship |
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Open Polar |
collection |
University of California: eScholarship |
op_collection_id |
ftcdlib |
language |
unknown |
topic |
behaviour fin whales marine mammals mid-frequency sonar noise |
spellingShingle |
behaviour fin whales marine mammals mid-frequency sonar noise Southall, Brandon Allen, Ann Calambokidis, John Casey, Caroline DeRuiter, Stacy Fregosi, Selene Popov, Valentin Stimpert, Alison Goldbogen, Jeremy Harris, Catriona Friedlaender, Ari Hazen, Elliott Behavioural responses of fin whales to military mid-frequency active sonar. |
topic_facet |
behaviour fin whales marine mammals mid-frequency sonar noise |
description |
The effect of active sonars on marine mammal behaviour is a topic of considerable interest and scientific investigation. Some whales, including the largest species (blue whales, Balaenoptera musculus), can be impacted by mid-frequency (1-10 kHz) military sonars. Here we apply complementary experimental methods to provide the first experimentally controlled measurements of behavioural responses to military sonar and similar stimuli for a related endangered species, fin whales (Balaenoptera physalus). Analytical methods include: (i) principal component analysis paired with generalized additive mixed models; (ii) hidden Markov models; and (iii) structured expert elicitation using response severity metrics. These approaches provide complementary perspectives on the nature of potential changes within and across individuals. Behavioural changes were detected in five of 15 whales during controlled exposure experiments using mid-frequency active sonar or pseudorandom noise of similar frequency, duration and source and received level. No changes were detected during six control (no noise) sequences. Overall responses were more limited in occurrence, severity and duration than in blue whales and were less dependent upon contextual aspects of exposure and more contingent upon exposure received level. Quantifying the factors influencing marine mammal responses to sonar is critical in assessing and mitigating future impacts. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Southall, Brandon Allen, Ann Calambokidis, John Casey, Caroline DeRuiter, Stacy Fregosi, Selene Popov, Valentin Stimpert, Alison Goldbogen, Jeremy Harris, Catriona Friedlaender, Ari Hazen, Elliott |
author_facet |
Southall, Brandon Allen, Ann Calambokidis, John Casey, Caroline DeRuiter, Stacy Fregosi, Selene Popov, Valentin Stimpert, Alison Goldbogen, Jeremy Harris, Catriona Friedlaender, Ari Hazen, Elliott |
author_sort |
Southall, Brandon |
title |
Behavioural responses of fin whales to military mid-frequency active sonar. |
title_short |
Behavioural responses of fin whales to military mid-frequency active sonar. |
title_full |
Behavioural responses of fin whales to military mid-frequency active sonar. |
title_fullStr |
Behavioural responses of fin whales to military mid-frequency active sonar. |
title_full_unstemmed |
Behavioural responses of fin whales to military mid-frequency active sonar. |
title_sort |
behavioural responses of fin whales to military mid-frequency active sonar. |
publisher |
eScholarship, University of California |
publishDate |
2023 |
url |
https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9ng4p537 |
genre |
Balaenoptera musculus Balaenoptera physalus |
genre_facet |
Balaenoptera musculus Balaenoptera physalus |
op_source |
Royal Society Open Science, vol 10, iss 12 |
op_relation |
qt9ng4p537 https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9ng4p537 |
op_rights |
public |
_version_ |
1792045983639535616 |