Robust empirical relationships for estimating the carbonate system in the southern California Current System and application to CalCOFI hydrographic cruise data (2005–2011)
The California Current System (CCS) is expected to experience the ecological impacts of ocean acidification (OA) earlier than most other ocean regions because coastal upwelling brings old, CO2-rich water relatively close to the surface ocean. Historical inorganic carbon measurements are scarce, so t...
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Online Access: | https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9n90v3d1 https://escholarship.org/content/qt9n90v3d1/qt9n90v3d1.pdf https://doi.org/10.1029/2011jc007511 |
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ftcdlib:oai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt9n90v3d1 2024-09-15T18:28:00+00:00 Robust empirical relationships for estimating the carbonate system in the southern California Current System and application to CalCOFI hydrographic cruise data (2005–2011) Alin, Simone R Feely, Richard A Dickson, Andrew G Hernández‐Ayón, J Martín Juranek, Lauren W Ohman, Mark D Goericke, Ralf n/a - n/a 2012-05-01 application/pdf https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9n90v3d1 https://escholarship.org/content/qt9n90v3d1/qt9n90v3d1.pdf https://doi.org/10.1029/2011jc007511 unknown eScholarship, University of California qt9n90v3d1 https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9n90v3d1 https://escholarship.org/content/qt9n90v3d1/qt9n90v3d1.pdf doi:10.1029/2011jc007511 public Journal of Geophysical Research, vol 117, iss C5 Life Below Water Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences article 2012 ftcdlib https://doi.org/10.1029/2011jc007511 2024-06-28T06:28:19Z The California Current System (CCS) is expected to experience the ecological impacts of ocean acidification (OA) earlier than most other ocean regions because coastal upwelling brings old, CO2-rich water relatively close to the surface ocean. Historical inorganic carbon measurements are scarce, so the progression of OA in the CCS is unknown. We used a multiple linear regression approach to generate empirical models using oxygen (O 2), temperature (T), salinity (S), and sigma theta (sq) as proxy variables to reconstruct pH, carbonate saturation states, carbonate ion concentration ([CO32-]), dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) concentration, and total alkalinity (TA) in the southern CCS. The calibration data included high-quality measurements of carbon, oxygen, and other hydrographic variables, collected during a cruise from British Columbia to Baja California in May-June 2007. All resulting empirical relationships were robust, with r2 values >0.92 and low root mean square errors. Estimated and measured carbon chemistry matched very well for independent data sets from the CalCOFI and IMECOCAL programs. Reconstructed CCS pH and saturation states for 2005-2011 reveal a pronounced seasonal cycle and inter-annual variability in the upper water column. Deeper in the water column, conditions are stable throughout the annual cycle, with perennially low pH and saturation states. Over sub-decadal time scales, these empirical models provide a valuable tool for reconstructing carbonate chemistry related to ocean acidification where direct observations are limited. However, progressive increases in anthropogenic CO2 content of southern CCS water masses must be carefully addressed to apply the models over longer time scales. © Copyright 2012 by the American Geophysical Union. Article in Journal/Newspaper Ocean acidification University of California: eScholarship Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans 117 C5 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
University of California: eScholarship |
op_collection_id |
ftcdlib |
language |
unknown |
topic |
Life Below Water Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences |
spellingShingle |
Life Below Water Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences Alin, Simone R Feely, Richard A Dickson, Andrew G Hernández‐Ayón, J Martín Juranek, Lauren W Ohman, Mark D Goericke, Ralf Robust empirical relationships for estimating the carbonate system in the southern California Current System and application to CalCOFI hydrographic cruise data (2005–2011) |
topic_facet |
Life Below Water Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences |
description |
The California Current System (CCS) is expected to experience the ecological impacts of ocean acidification (OA) earlier than most other ocean regions because coastal upwelling brings old, CO2-rich water relatively close to the surface ocean. Historical inorganic carbon measurements are scarce, so the progression of OA in the CCS is unknown. We used a multiple linear regression approach to generate empirical models using oxygen (O 2), temperature (T), salinity (S), and sigma theta (sq) as proxy variables to reconstruct pH, carbonate saturation states, carbonate ion concentration ([CO32-]), dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) concentration, and total alkalinity (TA) in the southern CCS. The calibration data included high-quality measurements of carbon, oxygen, and other hydrographic variables, collected during a cruise from British Columbia to Baja California in May-June 2007. All resulting empirical relationships were robust, with r2 values >0.92 and low root mean square errors. Estimated and measured carbon chemistry matched very well for independent data sets from the CalCOFI and IMECOCAL programs. Reconstructed CCS pH and saturation states for 2005-2011 reveal a pronounced seasonal cycle and inter-annual variability in the upper water column. Deeper in the water column, conditions are stable throughout the annual cycle, with perennially low pH and saturation states. Over sub-decadal time scales, these empirical models provide a valuable tool for reconstructing carbonate chemistry related to ocean acidification where direct observations are limited. However, progressive increases in anthropogenic CO2 content of southern CCS water masses must be carefully addressed to apply the models over longer time scales. © Copyright 2012 by the American Geophysical Union. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Alin, Simone R Feely, Richard A Dickson, Andrew G Hernández‐Ayón, J Martín Juranek, Lauren W Ohman, Mark D Goericke, Ralf |
author_facet |
Alin, Simone R Feely, Richard A Dickson, Andrew G Hernández‐Ayón, J Martín Juranek, Lauren W Ohman, Mark D Goericke, Ralf |
author_sort |
Alin, Simone R |
title |
Robust empirical relationships for estimating the carbonate system in the southern California Current System and application to CalCOFI hydrographic cruise data (2005–2011) |
title_short |
Robust empirical relationships for estimating the carbonate system in the southern California Current System and application to CalCOFI hydrographic cruise data (2005–2011) |
title_full |
Robust empirical relationships for estimating the carbonate system in the southern California Current System and application to CalCOFI hydrographic cruise data (2005–2011) |
title_fullStr |
Robust empirical relationships for estimating the carbonate system in the southern California Current System and application to CalCOFI hydrographic cruise data (2005–2011) |
title_full_unstemmed |
Robust empirical relationships for estimating the carbonate system in the southern California Current System and application to CalCOFI hydrographic cruise data (2005–2011) |
title_sort |
robust empirical relationships for estimating the carbonate system in the southern california current system and application to calcofi hydrographic cruise data (2005–2011) |
publisher |
eScholarship, University of California |
publishDate |
2012 |
url |
https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9n90v3d1 https://escholarship.org/content/qt9n90v3d1/qt9n90v3d1.pdf https://doi.org/10.1029/2011jc007511 |
op_coverage |
n/a - n/a |
genre |
Ocean acidification |
genre_facet |
Ocean acidification |
op_source |
Journal of Geophysical Research, vol 117, iss C5 |
op_relation |
qt9n90v3d1 https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9n90v3d1 https://escholarship.org/content/qt9n90v3d1/qt9n90v3d1.pdf doi:10.1029/2011jc007511 |
op_rights |
public |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1029/2011jc007511 |
container_title |
Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans |
container_volume |
117 |
container_issue |
C5 |
_version_ |
1810469307221540864 |