Tundra Soil Viruses Mediate Responses of Microbial Communities to Climate Warming
The rise of global temperature causes the degradation of the substantial reserves of carbon (C) stored in tundra soils, in which microbial processes play critical roles. Viruses are known to influence the soil C cycle by encoding auxiliary metabolic genes and infecting key microorganisms, but their...
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ftcdlib:oai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt9ft176c3 2023-09-05T13:22:32+02:00 Tundra Soil Viruses Mediate Responses of Microbial Communities to Climate Warming Ji, Mengzhi Fan, Xiangyu Cornell, Carolyn R Zhang, Ya Yuan, Mengting Maggie Tian, Zhen Sun, Kaili Gao, Rongfeng Liu, Yang Zhou, Jizhong Suttle, Curtis A Ogunseitan, Oladele A e03009 - e03022 2023-04-25 application/pdf https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9ft176c3 unknown eScholarship, University of California qt9ft176c3 https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9ft176c3 public mBio, vol 14, iss 2 Infectious Diseases Infection Climate Action Soil Biodiversity Temperature Tundra Microbiota Climate Change Viruses Soil Microbiology Carbon climate warming environmental factors glycoside hydrolases viral lifestyle virus-microbe linkage virus-host linkage Microbiology article 2023 ftcdlib 2023-08-21T18:04:42Z The rise of global temperature causes the degradation of the substantial reserves of carbon (C) stored in tundra soils, in which microbial processes play critical roles. Viruses are known to influence the soil C cycle by encoding auxiliary metabolic genes and infecting key microorganisms, but their regulation of microbial communities under climate warming remains unexplored. In this study, we evaluated the responses of viral communities for about 5 years of experimental warming at two depths (15 to 25 cm and 45 to 55 cm) in the Alaskan permafrost region. Our results showed that the viral community and functional gene composition and abundances (including viral functional genes related to replication, structure, infection, and lysis) were significantly influenced by environmental conditions such as total nitrogen (N), total C, and soil thawing duration. Although long-term warming did not impact the viral community composition at the two depths, some glycoside hydrolases encoded by viruses were more abundant at both depths of the warmed plots. With the continuous reduction of total C, viruses may alleviate methane release by altering infection strategies on methanogens. Importantly, viruses can adopt lysogenic and lytic lifestyles to manipulate microbial communities at different soil depths, respectively, which could be one of the major factors causing the differences in microbial responses to warming. This study provides a new ecological perspective on how viruses regulate the responses of microbes to warming at community and functional scales. IMPORTANCE Permafrost thawing causes microbial release of greenhouse gases, exacerbating climate warming. Some previous studies examined the responses of the microbial communities and functions to warming in permafrost region, but the roles of viruses in mediating the responses of microbial communities to warming are poorly understood. This study revealed that warming induced changes in some viral functional classes and in the virus/microbe ratios for specific lineages, ... Article in Journal/Newspaper permafrost Tundra University of California: eScholarship |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
University of California: eScholarship |
op_collection_id |
ftcdlib |
language |
unknown |
topic |
Infectious Diseases Infection Climate Action Soil Biodiversity Temperature Tundra Microbiota Climate Change Viruses Soil Microbiology Carbon climate warming environmental factors glycoside hydrolases viral lifestyle virus-microbe linkage virus-host linkage Microbiology |
spellingShingle |
Infectious Diseases Infection Climate Action Soil Biodiversity Temperature Tundra Microbiota Climate Change Viruses Soil Microbiology Carbon climate warming environmental factors glycoside hydrolases viral lifestyle virus-microbe linkage virus-host linkage Microbiology Ji, Mengzhi Fan, Xiangyu Cornell, Carolyn R Zhang, Ya Yuan, Mengting Maggie Tian, Zhen Sun, Kaili Gao, Rongfeng Liu, Yang Zhou, Jizhong Tundra Soil Viruses Mediate Responses of Microbial Communities to Climate Warming |
topic_facet |
Infectious Diseases Infection Climate Action Soil Biodiversity Temperature Tundra Microbiota Climate Change Viruses Soil Microbiology Carbon climate warming environmental factors glycoside hydrolases viral lifestyle virus-microbe linkage virus-host linkage Microbiology |
description |
The rise of global temperature causes the degradation of the substantial reserves of carbon (C) stored in tundra soils, in which microbial processes play critical roles. Viruses are known to influence the soil C cycle by encoding auxiliary metabolic genes and infecting key microorganisms, but their regulation of microbial communities under climate warming remains unexplored. In this study, we evaluated the responses of viral communities for about 5 years of experimental warming at two depths (15 to 25 cm and 45 to 55 cm) in the Alaskan permafrost region. Our results showed that the viral community and functional gene composition and abundances (including viral functional genes related to replication, structure, infection, and lysis) were significantly influenced by environmental conditions such as total nitrogen (N), total C, and soil thawing duration. Although long-term warming did not impact the viral community composition at the two depths, some glycoside hydrolases encoded by viruses were more abundant at both depths of the warmed plots. With the continuous reduction of total C, viruses may alleviate methane release by altering infection strategies on methanogens. Importantly, viruses can adopt lysogenic and lytic lifestyles to manipulate microbial communities at different soil depths, respectively, which could be one of the major factors causing the differences in microbial responses to warming. This study provides a new ecological perspective on how viruses regulate the responses of microbes to warming at community and functional scales. IMPORTANCE Permafrost thawing causes microbial release of greenhouse gases, exacerbating climate warming. Some previous studies examined the responses of the microbial communities and functions to warming in permafrost region, but the roles of viruses in mediating the responses of microbial communities to warming are poorly understood. This study revealed that warming induced changes in some viral functional classes and in the virus/microbe ratios for specific lineages, ... |
author2 |
Suttle, Curtis A Ogunseitan, Oladele A |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Ji, Mengzhi Fan, Xiangyu Cornell, Carolyn R Zhang, Ya Yuan, Mengting Maggie Tian, Zhen Sun, Kaili Gao, Rongfeng Liu, Yang Zhou, Jizhong |
author_facet |
Ji, Mengzhi Fan, Xiangyu Cornell, Carolyn R Zhang, Ya Yuan, Mengting Maggie Tian, Zhen Sun, Kaili Gao, Rongfeng Liu, Yang Zhou, Jizhong |
author_sort |
Ji, Mengzhi |
title |
Tundra Soil Viruses Mediate Responses of Microbial Communities to Climate Warming |
title_short |
Tundra Soil Viruses Mediate Responses of Microbial Communities to Climate Warming |
title_full |
Tundra Soil Viruses Mediate Responses of Microbial Communities to Climate Warming |
title_fullStr |
Tundra Soil Viruses Mediate Responses of Microbial Communities to Climate Warming |
title_full_unstemmed |
Tundra Soil Viruses Mediate Responses of Microbial Communities to Climate Warming |
title_sort |
tundra soil viruses mediate responses of microbial communities to climate warming |
publisher |
eScholarship, University of California |
publishDate |
2023 |
url |
https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9ft176c3 |
op_coverage |
e03009 - e03022 |
genre |
permafrost Tundra |
genre_facet |
permafrost Tundra |
op_source |
mBio, vol 14, iss 2 |
op_relation |
qt9ft176c3 https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9ft176c3 |
op_rights |
public |
_version_ |
1776203049381920768 |