Nasopulmonary mites (Halarachnidae) of coastal Californian pinnipeds: Identity, prevalence, and molecular characterization
Mites from the family Halarachnidae Oudemans 1906 are obligate endoparasites that colonize the respiratory tracts of free-living and captive marine mammals. Infestations can range from mild to severe and result in respiratory tract irritation or impairment. Nasopulmonary acariasis was determined to...
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2021
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ftcdlib:oai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt88m0q468 2023-10-01T03:55:43+02:00 Nasopulmonary mites (Halarachnidae) of coastal Californian pinnipeds: Identity, prevalence, and molecular characterization Pesapane, Risa Archibald, Wiley Norris, Tenaya Fontaine, Christine Halaska, Barbie Duignan, Pádraig Javeed, Nadia Miller, Melissa Foley, Janet 2021-12-01 application/pdf https://escholarship.org/uc/item/88m0q468 unknown eScholarship, University of California qt88m0q468 https://escholarship.org/uc/item/88m0q468 public Halarachne halichoeri Halarachne miroungae Orthohalarachne attenuata Acari Pinnipedia Environmental Science and Management Evolutionary Biology Microbiology article 2021 ftcdlib 2023-09-04T18:03:22Z Mites from the family Halarachnidae Oudemans 1906 are obligate endoparasites that colonize the respiratory tracts of free-living and captive marine mammals. Infestations can range from mild to severe and result in respiratory tract irritation or impairment. Nasopulmonary acariasis was determined to be a contributing cause of death among several southern sea otters Enhydra lutris nereis Merriam 1904 in a longitudinal study of otter mortality, and proximity to Pacific harbor seals Phoca vitulina richardii Gray 1864 was a significant risk factor for sea otter infestation. Beyond scattered opportunistic reports, each halarachnid mite species' affinity for particular hosts and the extent of mite transmission between host species is poorly understood. We investigated the identity and prevalence of nasopulmonary mites from Pacific harbor seals, California sea lions Zalophus californianus Lesson 1828, northern elephant seals Mirounga angustirostris Gill 1866, northern fur seals Callorhinus ursinus Linnaeus 1758, and Guadalupe fur seals Arctocephalus philippii townsendi Merriam 1897 to complement published nasopulmonary mite findings from sympatric southern sea otters during a comparable timeframe. Halarachnid mite infestation was common among California sea lions (74.1%), northern fur seals (73.3%), and northern elephant seals (46.6%), but was less common among harbor seals (18.7%) and Guadalupe fur seals (8.8%). Observed host-mite relationships suggest a distinct host specificity, with genus Orthohalarachne infesting otariids, and genus Halarachne infesting phocids and lutrinids along the California coast. Harbor seals and southern sea otters were the primary hosts of H. halichoeri, but one nothern elephant seal was infested with both H. miroungae and a single H. halichoeri. We also present the first high-resolution SEM images for H. miroungae and O. attenuata and possible evidence for a new host record for H. halichoeri. Article in Journal/Newspaper Elephant Seal Elephant Seals Phoca vitulina Callorhinus ursinus Mite University of California: eScholarship Pacific |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
University of California: eScholarship |
op_collection_id |
ftcdlib |
language |
unknown |
topic |
Halarachne halichoeri Halarachne miroungae Orthohalarachne attenuata Acari Pinnipedia Environmental Science and Management Evolutionary Biology Microbiology |
spellingShingle |
Halarachne halichoeri Halarachne miroungae Orthohalarachne attenuata Acari Pinnipedia Environmental Science and Management Evolutionary Biology Microbiology Pesapane, Risa Archibald, Wiley Norris, Tenaya Fontaine, Christine Halaska, Barbie Duignan, Pádraig Javeed, Nadia Miller, Melissa Foley, Janet Nasopulmonary mites (Halarachnidae) of coastal Californian pinnipeds: Identity, prevalence, and molecular characterization |
topic_facet |
Halarachne halichoeri Halarachne miroungae Orthohalarachne attenuata Acari Pinnipedia Environmental Science and Management Evolutionary Biology Microbiology |
description |
Mites from the family Halarachnidae Oudemans 1906 are obligate endoparasites that colonize the respiratory tracts of free-living and captive marine mammals. Infestations can range from mild to severe and result in respiratory tract irritation or impairment. Nasopulmonary acariasis was determined to be a contributing cause of death among several southern sea otters Enhydra lutris nereis Merriam 1904 in a longitudinal study of otter mortality, and proximity to Pacific harbor seals Phoca vitulina richardii Gray 1864 was a significant risk factor for sea otter infestation. Beyond scattered opportunistic reports, each halarachnid mite species' affinity for particular hosts and the extent of mite transmission between host species is poorly understood. We investigated the identity and prevalence of nasopulmonary mites from Pacific harbor seals, California sea lions Zalophus californianus Lesson 1828, northern elephant seals Mirounga angustirostris Gill 1866, northern fur seals Callorhinus ursinus Linnaeus 1758, and Guadalupe fur seals Arctocephalus philippii townsendi Merriam 1897 to complement published nasopulmonary mite findings from sympatric southern sea otters during a comparable timeframe. Halarachnid mite infestation was common among California sea lions (74.1%), northern fur seals (73.3%), and northern elephant seals (46.6%), but was less common among harbor seals (18.7%) and Guadalupe fur seals (8.8%). Observed host-mite relationships suggest a distinct host specificity, with genus Orthohalarachne infesting otariids, and genus Halarachne infesting phocids and lutrinids along the California coast. Harbor seals and southern sea otters were the primary hosts of H. halichoeri, but one nothern elephant seal was infested with both H. miroungae and a single H. halichoeri. We also present the first high-resolution SEM images for H. miroungae and O. attenuata and possible evidence for a new host record for H. halichoeri. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Pesapane, Risa Archibald, Wiley Norris, Tenaya Fontaine, Christine Halaska, Barbie Duignan, Pádraig Javeed, Nadia Miller, Melissa Foley, Janet |
author_facet |
Pesapane, Risa Archibald, Wiley Norris, Tenaya Fontaine, Christine Halaska, Barbie Duignan, Pádraig Javeed, Nadia Miller, Melissa Foley, Janet |
author_sort |
Pesapane, Risa |
title |
Nasopulmonary mites (Halarachnidae) of coastal Californian pinnipeds: Identity, prevalence, and molecular characterization |
title_short |
Nasopulmonary mites (Halarachnidae) of coastal Californian pinnipeds: Identity, prevalence, and molecular characterization |
title_full |
Nasopulmonary mites (Halarachnidae) of coastal Californian pinnipeds: Identity, prevalence, and molecular characterization |
title_fullStr |
Nasopulmonary mites (Halarachnidae) of coastal Californian pinnipeds: Identity, prevalence, and molecular characterization |
title_full_unstemmed |
Nasopulmonary mites (Halarachnidae) of coastal Californian pinnipeds: Identity, prevalence, and molecular characterization |
title_sort |
nasopulmonary mites (halarachnidae) of coastal californian pinnipeds: identity, prevalence, and molecular characterization |
publisher |
eScholarship, University of California |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
https://escholarship.org/uc/item/88m0q468 |
geographic |
Pacific |
geographic_facet |
Pacific |
genre |
Elephant Seal Elephant Seals Phoca vitulina Callorhinus ursinus Mite |
genre_facet |
Elephant Seal Elephant Seals Phoca vitulina Callorhinus ursinus Mite |
op_relation |
qt88m0q468 https://escholarship.org/uc/item/88m0q468 |
op_rights |
public |
_version_ |
1778524412238102528 |