Frost flower aerosol effects on Arctic wintertime longwave cloud radiative forcing
Frost flowers are clusters of highly saline ice crystals growing on newly formed sea ice or frozen lakes. Based on observations of particles derived from frost flowers in the Arctic, we formulate an observation-based parameterization of salt aerosol source function from frost flowers. The particle f...
Published in: | Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres |
---|---|
Main Authors: | , , , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | unknown |
Published: |
eScholarship, University of California
2013
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6344q2xf https://escholarship.org/content/qt6344q2xf/qt6344q2xf.pdf https://doi.org/10.1002/2013jd020554 |
id |
ftcdlib:oai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt6344q2xf |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
ftcdlib:oai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt6344q2xf 2024-09-15T17:58:16+00:00 Frost flower aerosol effects on Arctic wintertime longwave cloud radiative forcing Xu, Li Russell, Lynn M Somerville, Richard CJ Quinn, Patricia K 13 - 291 2013-12-16 application/pdf https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6344q2xf https://escholarship.org/content/qt6344q2xf/qt6344q2xf.pdf https://doi.org/10.1002/2013jd020554 unknown eScholarship, University of California qt6344q2xf https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6344q2xf https://escholarship.org/content/qt6344q2xf/qt6344q2xf.pdf doi:10.1002/2013jd020554 public Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, vol 118, iss 23 Climate Action frost flowers sea salt aerosol longwave cloud radiative forcing Arctic Atmospheric Sciences Physical Geography and Environmental Geoscience article 2013 ftcdlib https://doi.org/10.1002/2013jd020554 2024-06-28T06:28:20Z Frost flowers are clusters of highly saline ice crystals growing on newly formed sea ice or frozen lakes. Based on observations of particles derived from frost flowers in the Arctic, we formulate an observation-based parameterization of salt aerosol source function from frost flowers. The particle flux from frost flowers in winter has the order of 106 m-2 s-1 at the wind speed of 10 m s-1, but the source flux is highly localized to new sea ice regions and strongly dependent on wind speed. We have implemented this parameterization into the regional Weather Research and Forecasting model with Chemistry initialized for two wintertime scenarios. The addition of sea salt aerosol emissions from frost flowers increases averaged sea salt aerosol mass and number concentration and subsequent cloud droplet number. This change of cloud droplet number concentration increases downward longwave cloud radiative forcing through enhanced cloud optical depth and emissivity. The magnitude of this forcing of sea salt aerosols from frost flowers on clouds and radiation, however, contributes negligibly to surface warming in Barrow, Alaska, in the wintertime scenarios studied here. Key Points We evaluate a parameterization of salt aerosol from frost flowers in WRF-Chem The modeled salt explains half of the observed submicron salt aerosol Longwave cloud forcing increases but does not add to Arctic surface warming ©2013. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved. Article in Journal/Newspaper Barrow Sea ice Alaska University of California: eScholarship Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres 118 23 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
University of California: eScholarship |
op_collection_id |
ftcdlib |
language |
unknown |
topic |
Climate Action frost flowers sea salt aerosol longwave cloud radiative forcing Arctic Atmospheric Sciences Physical Geography and Environmental Geoscience |
spellingShingle |
Climate Action frost flowers sea salt aerosol longwave cloud radiative forcing Arctic Atmospheric Sciences Physical Geography and Environmental Geoscience Xu, Li Russell, Lynn M Somerville, Richard CJ Quinn, Patricia K Frost flower aerosol effects on Arctic wintertime longwave cloud radiative forcing |
topic_facet |
Climate Action frost flowers sea salt aerosol longwave cloud radiative forcing Arctic Atmospheric Sciences Physical Geography and Environmental Geoscience |
description |
Frost flowers are clusters of highly saline ice crystals growing on newly formed sea ice or frozen lakes. Based on observations of particles derived from frost flowers in the Arctic, we formulate an observation-based parameterization of salt aerosol source function from frost flowers. The particle flux from frost flowers in winter has the order of 106 m-2 s-1 at the wind speed of 10 m s-1, but the source flux is highly localized to new sea ice regions and strongly dependent on wind speed. We have implemented this parameterization into the regional Weather Research and Forecasting model with Chemistry initialized for two wintertime scenarios. The addition of sea salt aerosol emissions from frost flowers increases averaged sea salt aerosol mass and number concentration and subsequent cloud droplet number. This change of cloud droplet number concentration increases downward longwave cloud radiative forcing through enhanced cloud optical depth and emissivity. The magnitude of this forcing of sea salt aerosols from frost flowers on clouds and radiation, however, contributes negligibly to surface warming in Barrow, Alaska, in the wintertime scenarios studied here. Key Points We evaluate a parameterization of salt aerosol from frost flowers in WRF-Chem The modeled salt explains half of the observed submicron salt aerosol Longwave cloud forcing increases but does not add to Arctic surface warming ©2013. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Xu, Li Russell, Lynn M Somerville, Richard CJ Quinn, Patricia K |
author_facet |
Xu, Li Russell, Lynn M Somerville, Richard CJ Quinn, Patricia K |
author_sort |
Xu, Li |
title |
Frost flower aerosol effects on Arctic wintertime longwave cloud radiative forcing |
title_short |
Frost flower aerosol effects on Arctic wintertime longwave cloud radiative forcing |
title_full |
Frost flower aerosol effects on Arctic wintertime longwave cloud radiative forcing |
title_fullStr |
Frost flower aerosol effects on Arctic wintertime longwave cloud radiative forcing |
title_full_unstemmed |
Frost flower aerosol effects on Arctic wintertime longwave cloud radiative forcing |
title_sort |
frost flower aerosol effects on arctic wintertime longwave cloud radiative forcing |
publisher |
eScholarship, University of California |
publishDate |
2013 |
url |
https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6344q2xf https://escholarship.org/content/qt6344q2xf/qt6344q2xf.pdf https://doi.org/10.1002/2013jd020554 |
op_coverage |
13 - 291 |
genre |
Barrow Sea ice Alaska |
genre_facet |
Barrow Sea ice Alaska |
op_source |
Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, vol 118, iss 23 |
op_relation |
qt6344q2xf https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6344q2xf https://escholarship.org/content/qt6344q2xf/qt6344q2xf.pdf doi:10.1002/2013jd020554 |
op_rights |
public |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1002/2013jd020554 |
container_title |
Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres |
container_volume |
118 |
container_issue |
23 |
_version_ |
1810434667492409344 |