Variation in the Holton–Tan effect by longitude
The teleconnection between the Quasi-Biennial Oscillation (QBO) and the boreal winter polar vortex, the Holton–Tan effect, is analyzed in the Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model (WACCM) with a focus on how stationary wave propagation varies by QBO phase. These signals are difficult to isolate i...
Published in: | Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society |
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Online Access: | https://escholarship.org/uc/item/35z537nb https://escholarship.org/content/qt35z537nb/qt35z537nb.pdf https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.3993 |
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ftcdlib:oai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt35z537nb 2024-09-15T18:24:24+00:00 Variation in the Holton–Tan effect by longitude Elsbury, Dillon Peings, Yannick Magnusdottir, Gudrun 1767 - 1787 2021-04-01 application/pdf https://escholarship.org/uc/item/35z537nb https://escholarship.org/content/qt35z537nb/qt35z537nb.pdf https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.3993 unknown eScholarship, University of California qt35z537nb https://escholarship.org/uc/item/35z537nb https://escholarship.org/content/qt35z537nb/qt35z537nb.pdf doi:10.1002/qj.3993 CC-BY Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, vol 147, iss 736 Climate Action Holton– Tan effect Quasi‐ Biennial Oscillation stratosphere– troposphere coupling stratospheric polar vortex Atmospheric Sciences Oceanography Physical Geography and Environmental Geoscience Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences article 2021 ftcdlib https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.3993 2024-06-28T06:28:19Z The teleconnection between the Quasi-Biennial Oscillation (QBO) and the boreal winter polar vortex, the Holton–Tan effect, is analyzed in the Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model (WACCM) with a focus on how stationary wave propagation varies by QBO phase. These signals are difficult to isolate in reanalyses because of large internal variability in short observational records, especially when decomposing the data by QBO phase. A 1,500-year ensemble is leveraged by defining the QBO index at five different isobars between 10 and 70 hPa. The Holton–Tan effect is a robust part of the atmospheric response to the QBO in WACCM with warming of the polar stratosphere during easterly QBO (QBOE). A nudging technique is used to reduce polar stratospheric variability in one simulation. This enables isolation of the impact of the QBO on the atmosphere in the absence of a polar stratospheric response to the QBO: referred to as the “direct effect” and the polar stratospheric response, “indirect effect.” This simulation reveals that the polar stratospheric warming during QBOE pushes the tropospheric jet equatorward, opposing the poleward shift of the jet by the QBOE, especially over the North Pacific. The Holton–Tan effect varies over longitude. The QBO induces stronger planetary wave forcing to the mean flow in the extratropical lower stratosphere between Indonesia and Alaska. The North Pacific polar stratosphere responds to this before other longitudes. What follows is a shift in the position of the polar vortex toward Eurasia (North America) during easterly (westerly) QBO. This initiates downstream planetary wave responses over North America, the North Atlantic, and Siberia. This spatiotemporal evolution is found in transient simulations in which QBO nudging is “switched on.” The North Pacific lower stratosphere seems more intrinsically linked to the QBO while other longitudes appear more dependent on the mutual interaction between the QBO and polar stratosphere. Article in Journal/Newspaper North Atlantic Alaska Siberia University of California: eScholarship Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society 147 736 1767 1787 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
University of California: eScholarship |
op_collection_id |
ftcdlib |
language |
unknown |
topic |
Climate Action Holton– Tan effect Quasi‐ Biennial Oscillation stratosphere– troposphere coupling stratospheric polar vortex Atmospheric Sciences Oceanography Physical Geography and Environmental Geoscience Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences |
spellingShingle |
Climate Action Holton– Tan effect Quasi‐ Biennial Oscillation stratosphere– troposphere coupling stratospheric polar vortex Atmospheric Sciences Oceanography Physical Geography and Environmental Geoscience Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences Elsbury, Dillon Peings, Yannick Magnusdottir, Gudrun Variation in the Holton–Tan effect by longitude |
topic_facet |
Climate Action Holton– Tan effect Quasi‐ Biennial Oscillation stratosphere– troposphere coupling stratospheric polar vortex Atmospheric Sciences Oceanography Physical Geography and Environmental Geoscience Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences |
description |
The teleconnection between the Quasi-Biennial Oscillation (QBO) and the boreal winter polar vortex, the Holton–Tan effect, is analyzed in the Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model (WACCM) with a focus on how stationary wave propagation varies by QBO phase. These signals are difficult to isolate in reanalyses because of large internal variability in short observational records, especially when decomposing the data by QBO phase. A 1,500-year ensemble is leveraged by defining the QBO index at five different isobars between 10 and 70 hPa. The Holton–Tan effect is a robust part of the atmospheric response to the QBO in WACCM with warming of the polar stratosphere during easterly QBO (QBOE). A nudging technique is used to reduce polar stratospheric variability in one simulation. This enables isolation of the impact of the QBO on the atmosphere in the absence of a polar stratospheric response to the QBO: referred to as the “direct effect” and the polar stratospheric response, “indirect effect.” This simulation reveals that the polar stratospheric warming during QBOE pushes the tropospheric jet equatorward, opposing the poleward shift of the jet by the QBOE, especially over the North Pacific. The Holton–Tan effect varies over longitude. The QBO induces stronger planetary wave forcing to the mean flow in the extratropical lower stratosphere between Indonesia and Alaska. The North Pacific polar stratosphere responds to this before other longitudes. What follows is a shift in the position of the polar vortex toward Eurasia (North America) during easterly (westerly) QBO. This initiates downstream planetary wave responses over North America, the North Atlantic, and Siberia. This spatiotemporal evolution is found in transient simulations in which QBO nudging is “switched on.” The North Pacific lower stratosphere seems more intrinsically linked to the QBO while other longitudes appear more dependent on the mutual interaction between the QBO and polar stratosphere. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Elsbury, Dillon Peings, Yannick Magnusdottir, Gudrun |
author_facet |
Elsbury, Dillon Peings, Yannick Magnusdottir, Gudrun |
author_sort |
Elsbury, Dillon |
title |
Variation in the Holton–Tan effect by longitude |
title_short |
Variation in the Holton–Tan effect by longitude |
title_full |
Variation in the Holton–Tan effect by longitude |
title_fullStr |
Variation in the Holton–Tan effect by longitude |
title_full_unstemmed |
Variation in the Holton–Tan effect by longitude |
title_sort |
variation in the holton–tan effect by longitude |
publisher |
eScholarship, University of California |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
https://escholarship.org/uc/item/35z537nb https://escholarship.org/content/qt35z537nb/qt35z537nb.pdf https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.3993 |
op_coverage |
1767 - 1787 |
genre |
North Atlantic Alaska Siberia |
genre_facet |
North Atlantic Alaska Siberia |
op_source |
Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, vol 147, iss 736 |
op_relation |
qt35z537nb https://escholarship.org/uc/item/35z537nb https://escholarship.org/content/qt35z537nb/qt35z537nb.pdf doi:10.1002/qj.3993 |
op_rights |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.3993 |
container_title |
Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society |
container_volume |
147 |
container_issue |
736 |
container_start_page |
1767 |
op_container_end_page |
1787 |
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1810464748842516480 |