Functional Characterization of Bacteria Isolated from Ancient Arctic Soil Exposes Diverse Resistance Mechanisms to Modern Antibiotics
Using functional metagenomics to study the resistomes of bacterial communities isolated from different layers of the Canadian high Arctic permafrost, we show that microbial communities harbored diverse resistance mechanisms at least 5,000 years ago. Among bacteria sampled from the ancient layers of...
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2015
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ftcdlib:oai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt2hw8w70c 2023-10-25T01:34:57+02:00 Functional Characterization of Bacteria Isolated from Ancient Arctic Soil Exposes Diverse Resistance Mechanisms to Modern Antibiotics Perron, Gabriel G Whyte, Lyle Turnbaugh, Peter J Goordial, Jacqueline Hanage, William P Dantas, Gautam Desai, Michael M Brown, Sam Paul e0069533 2015-01-01 https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2hw8w70c unknown eScholarship, University of California qt2hw8w70c https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2hw8w70c public PLOS ONE, vol 10, iss 3 Microbiology Medical Microbiology Biomedical and Clinical Sciences Biological Sciences Antimicrobial Resistance Infectious Diseases Genetics 5.1 Pharmaceuticals Development of treatments and therapeutic interventions Infection Anti-Bacterial Agents Arctic Regions Bacteria Drug Resistance Bacterial Genes Metagenomics Soil Soil Microbiology General Science & Technology article 2015 ftcdlib 2023-09-25T18:02:59Z Using functional metagenomics to study the resistomes of bacterial communities isolated from different layers of the Canadian high Arctic permafrost, we show that microbial communities harbored diverse resistance mechanisms at least 5,000 years ago. Among bacteria sampled from the ancient layers of a permafrost core, we isolated eight genes conferring clinical levels of resistance against aminoglycoside, β-lactam and tetracycline antibiotics that are naturally produced by microorganisms. Among these resistance genes, four also conferred resistance against amikacin, a modern semi-synthetic antibiotic that does not naturally occur in microorganisms. In bacteria sampled from the overlaying active layer, we isolated ten different genes conferring resistance to all six antibiotics tested in this study, including aminoglycoside, β-lactam and tetracycline variants that are naturally produced by microorganisms as well as semi-synthetic variants produced in the laboratory. On average, we found that resistance genes found in permafrost bacteria conferred lower levels of resistance against clinically relevant antibiotics than resistance genes sampled from the active layer. Our results demonstrate that antibiotic resistance genes were functionally diverse prior to the anthropogenic use of antibiotics, contributing to the evolution of natural reservoirs of resistance genes. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic permafrost University of California: eScholarship Arctic |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
University of California: eScholarship |
op_collection_id |
ftcdlib |
language |
unknown |
topic |
Microbiology Medical Microbiology Biomedical and Clinical Sciences Biological Sciences Antimicrobial Resistance Infectious Diseases Genetics 5.1 Pharmaceuticals Development of treatments and therapeutic interventions Infection Anti-Bacterial Agents Arctic Regions Bacteria Drug Resistance Bacterial Genes Metagenomics Soil Soil Microbiology General Science & Technology |
spellingShingle |
Microbiology Medical Microbiology Biomedical and Clinical Sciences Biological Sciences Antimicrobial Resistance Infectious Diseases Genetics 5.1 Pharmaceuticals Development of treatments and therapeutic interventions Infection Anti-Bacterial Agents Arctic Regions Bacteria Drug Resistance Bacterial Genes Metagenomics Soil Soil Microbiology General Science & Technology Perron, Gabriel G Whyte, Lyle Turnbaugh, Peter J Goordial, Jacqueline Hanage, William P Dantas, Gautam Desai, Michael M Functional Characterization of Bacteria Isolated from Ancient Arctic Soil Exposes Diverse Resistance Mechanisms to Modern Antibiotics |
topic_facet |
Microbiology Medical Microbiology Biomedical and Clinical Sciences Biological Sciences Antimicrobial Resistance Infectious Diseases Genetics 5.1 Pharmaceuticals Development of treatments and therapeutic interventions Infection Anti-Bacterial Agents Arctic Regions Bacteria Drug Resistance Bacterial Genes Metagenomics Soil Soil Microbiology General Science & Technology |
description |
Using functional metagenomics to study the resistomes of bacterial communities isolated from different layers of the Canadian high Arctic permafrost, we show that microbial communities harbored diverse resistance mechanisms at least 5,000 years ago. Among bacteria sampled from the ancient layers of a permafrost core, we isolated eight genes conferring clinical levels of resistance against aminoglycoside, β-lactam and tetracycline antibiotics that are naturally produced by microorganisms. Among these resistance genes, four also conferred resistance against amikacin, a modern semi-synthetic antibiotic that does not naturally occur in microorganisms. In bacteria sampled from the overlaying active layer, we isolated ten different genes conferring resistance to all six antibiotics tested in this study, including aminoglycoside, β-lactam and tetracycline variants that are naturally produced by microorganisms as well as semi-synthetic variants produced in the laboratory. On average, we found that resistance genes found in permafrost bacteria conferred lower levels of resistance against clinically relevant antibiotics than resistance genes sampled from the active layer. Our results demonstrate that antibiotic resistance genes were functionally diverse prior to the anthropogenic use of antibiotics, contributing to the evolution of natural reservoirs of resistance genes. |
author2 |
Brown, Sam Paul |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Perron, Gabriel G Whyte, Lyle Turnbaugh, Peter J Goordial, Jacqueline Hanage, William P Dantas, Gautam Desai, Michael M |
author_facet |
Perron, Gabriel G Whyte, Lyle Turnbaugh, Peter J Goordial, Jacqueline Hanage, William P Dantas, Gautam Desai, Michael M |
author_sort |
Perron, Gabriel G |
title |
Functional Characterization of Bacteria Isolated from Ancient Arctic Soil Exposes Diverse Resistance Mechanisms to Modern Antibiotics |
title_short |
Functional Characterization of Bacteria Isolated from Ancient Arctic Soil Exposes Diverse Resistance Mechanisms to Modern Antibiotics |
title_full |
Functional Characterization of Bacteria Isolated from Ancient Arctic Soil Exposes Diverse Resistance Mechanisms to Modern Antibiotics |
title_fullStr |
Functional Characterization of Bacteria Isolated from Ancient Arctic Soil Exposes Diverse Resistance Mechanisms to Modern Antibiotics |
title_full_unstemmed |
Functional Characterization of Bacteria Isolated from Ancient Arctic Soil Exposes Diverse Resistance Mechanisms to Modern Antibiotics |
title_sort |
functional characterization of bacteria isolated from ancient arctic soil exposes diverse resistance mechanisms to modern antibiotics |
publisher |
eScholarship, University of California |
publishDate |
2015 |
url |
https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2hw8w70c |
op_coverage |
e0069533 |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic permafrost |
genre_facet |
Arctic permafrost |
op_source |
PLOS ONE, vol 10, iss 3 |
op_relation |
qt2hw8w70c https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2hw8w70c |
op_rights |
public |
_version_ |
1780730161364205568 |