Juvenile Antarctic rockcod (Trematomus bernacchii) are physiologically robust to CO2-acidified seawater

• Main Authors: Davis, Brittany E, Miller, Nathan A, Flynn, Erin E, Todgham, Anne E
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: unknown
• Published: eScholarship, University of California 2016
• Subjects: Cardiovascular; Life Below Water; Acids; Aging; Animals; Antarctic Regions; Basal Metabolism; Carbon Dioxide; Citrate (si)-Synthase; Fishes; Heart; Muscles; Oxygen Consumption; Respiration; Seawater; Antarctica; Cardiorespiratory physiology; Early life stages; Notothenioid; Ocean acidification; Biological Sciences; Medical and Health Sciences; Physiology; Antarctic; Ross Sea; Antarc*
• Online Access: https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1z94h6p7

To date, numerous studies have shown negative impacts of CO2-acidified seawater (i.e. ocean acidification, OA) on marine organisms, including calcifying invertebrates and fishes; however, limited research has been conducted on the physiological effects of OA on polar fishes and even less on the impact of OA on early developmental stages of polar fishes. We evaluated aspects of aerobic metabolism and cardiorespiratory physiology of juvenile emerald rockcod, ITALIC! Trematomus bernacchii, an abundant fish in the Ross Sea, Antarctica, to elevated partial pressure of carbon dioxide ( ITALIC! PCO2 ) [420 (ambient), 650 (moderate) and 1050 (high) μatm ITALIC! PCO2 ] over a 1month period. We examined cardiorespiratory physiology, including heart rate, stroke volume, cardiac output and ventilation rate, whole organism metabolism via oxygen consumption rate and sub-organismal aerobic capacity by citrate synthase enzyme activity. Juvenile fish showed an increase in ventilation rate under high ITALIC! PCO2compared with ambient ITALIC! PCO2 , whereas cardiac performance, oxygen consumption and citrate synthase activity were not significantly affected by elevated ITALIC! PCO2 Acclimation time had a significant effect on ventilation rate, stroke volume, cardiac output and citrate synthase activity, such that all metrics increased over the 4week exposure period. These results suggest that juvenile emerald rockcod are robust to near-future increases in OA and may have the capacity to adjust for future increases in ITALIC! PCO2 by increasing acid-base compensation through increased ventilation.