Input of excess CO2 to the surface ocean based on 13C/12C ratios in a banded Jamaican sclerosponge
The CO2 content of the atmosphere has increased during the past two centuries as a result of the combustion of fossil fuels for energy 1 and the reduction of forest and soil carbon reservoirs on land 2. The amount of CO2 added to the atmosphere from fossil-fuel burning is known from historical recor...
Main Authors: | , |
---|---|
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | unknown |
Published: |
eScholarship, University of California
1986
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://escholarship.org/uc/item/162995j0 |
id |
ftcdlib:oai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt162995j0 |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
ftcdlib:oai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt162995j0 2023-06-18T03:36:56+02:00 Input of excess CO2 to the surface ocean based on 13C/12C ratios in a banded Jamaican sclerosponge Druffel, Ellen RM Benavides, Livia M 58 - 61 1986-05-01 application/pdf https://escholarship.org/uc/item/162995j0 unknown eScholarship, University of California qt162995j0 https://escholarship.org/uc/item/162995j0 CC-BY Nature, vol 321, iss 6065 General Science & Technology article 1986 ftcdlib 2023-06-05T18:02:26Z The CO2 content of the atmosphere has increased during the past two centuries as a result of the combustion of fossil fuels for energy 1 and the reduction of forest and soil carbon reservoirs on land 2. The amount of CO2 added to the atmosphere from fossil-fuel burning is known from historical records1 (±10%), but the contribution from reduction of the terrestrial biosphere is far less certain. Several authors have estimated the relative contributions from the two sources by measuring the change in the 13C/12C ratio in atmospheric CO2 as revealed in tree rings3-8 (CO 2 derived from these two sources is depleted in 13C with respect to that in the atmosphere). Using trees in the Northern Hemisphere, recent estimates of the integrated CO2 release from the terrestrial biosphere since AD 1800 ranged from 70% (ref. 5) to 90% (ref. 9) of that released from fossil fuels. Here we present surface ocean δ13C and δ18O records measured in the skeleton of a living sclerosponge (Ceratoporella nicholsoni), which accretes aragonite in isotopic equilibrium with the surrounding sea water/dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) system. The δ13C record reveals a decrease of 0.50‰ from 1820 to 1972. Using a model of the world carbon cycle and a deconvolution of our δ13C data, we estimate that the amount of excess CO 2 derived from the terrestrial biosphere is ∼38% of that from fossil-fuel sources. Our model calculations support a preindustrial CO 2 concentration in the atmosphere of 280 p.p.m.v. (parts per million by volume), in agreement with direct measurements of air occluded in Antarctic ice cores10. © 1986 Nature Publishing Group. Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic University of California: eScholarship Antarctic |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
University of California: eScholarship |
op_collection_id |
ftcdlib |
language |
unknown |
topic |
General Science & Technology |
spellingShingle |
General Science & Technology Druffel, Ellen RM Benavides, Livia M Input of excess CO2 to the surface ocean based on 13C/12C ratios in a banded Jamaican sclerosponge |
topic_facet |
General Science & Technology |
description |
The CO2 content of the atmosphere has increased during the past two centuries as a result of the combustion of fossil fuels for energy 1 and the reduction of forest and soil carbon reservoirs on land 2. The amount of CO2 added to the atmosphere from fossil-fuel burning is known from historical records1 (±10%), but the contribution from reduction of the terrestrial biosphere is far less certain. Several authors have estimated the relative contributions from the two sources by measuring the change in the 13C/12C ratio in atmospheric CO2 as revealed in tree rings3-8 (CO 2 derived from these two sources is depleted in 13C with respect to that in the atmosphere). Using trees in the Northern Hemisphere, recent estimates of the integrated CO2 release from the terrestrial biosphere since AD 1800 ranged from 70% (ref. 5) to 90% (ref. 9) of that released from fossil fuels. Here we present surface ocean δ13C and δ18O records measured in the skeleton of a living sclerosponge (Ceratoporella nicholsoni), which accretes aragonite in isotopic equilibrium with the surrounding sea water/dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) system. The δ13C record reveals a decrease of 0.50‰ from 1820 to 1972. Using a model of the world carbon cycle and a deconvolution of our δ13C data, we estimate that the amount of excess CO 2 derived from the terrestrial biosphere is ∼38% of that from fossil-fuel sources. Our model calculations support a preindustrial CO 2 concentration in the atmosphere of 280 p.p.m.v. (parts per million by volume), in agreement with direct measurements of air occluded in Antarctic ice cores10. © 1986 Nature Publishing Group. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Druffel, Ellen RM Benavides, Livia M |
author_facet |
Druffel, Ellen RM Benavides, Livia M |
author_sort |
Druffel, Ellen RM |
title |
Input of excess CO2 to the surface ocean based on 13C/12C ratios in a banded Jamaican sclerosponge |
title_short |
Input of excess CO2 to the surface ocean based on 13C/12C ratios in a banded Jamaican sclerosponge |
title_full |
Input of excess CO2 to the surface ocean based on 13C/12C ratios in a banded Jamaican sclerosponge |
title_fullStr |
Input of excess CO2 to the surface ocean based on 13C/12C ratios in a banded Jamaican sclerosponge |
title_full_unstemmed |
Input of excess CO2 to the surface ocean based on 13C/12C ratios in a banded Jamaican sclerosponge |
title_sort |
input of excess co2 to the surface ocean based on 13c/12c ratios in a banded jamaican sclerosponge |
publisher |
eScholarship, University of California |
publishDate |
1986 |
url |
https://escholarship.org/uc/item/162995j0 |
op_coverage |
58 - 61 |
geographic |
Antarctic |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic |
op_source |
Nature, vol 321, iss 6065 |
op_relation |
qt162995j0 https://escholarship.org/uc/item/162995j0 |
op_rights |
CC-BY |
_version_ |
1769009119273943040 |