Bacterial diversity in snow on North Pole ice floes
The microbial abundance and diversity in snow on ice floes at three sites near the North Pole was assessed using quantitative PCR and 454 pyrosequencing. Abundance of 16S rRNA genes in the samples ranged between 43 and 248 gene copies per millilitre of melted snow. A total of 291,331 sequences were...
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2014
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ftcdlib:oai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt12v525qx 2023-11-05T03:39:27+01:00 Bacterial diversity in snow on North Pole ice floes Hauptmann, Aviaja L Stibal, Marek Bælum, Jacob Sicheritz-Pontén, Thomas Brunak, Søren Bowman, Jeff S Hansen, Lars H Jacobsen, Carsten S Blom, Nikolaj 945 - 951 2014-11-01 application/pdf https://escholarship.org/uc/item/12v525qx unknown eScholarship, University of California qt12v525qx https://escholarship.org/uc/item/12v525qx public Extremophiles, vol 18, iss 6 Microbiology Biological Sciences Ecology Life Below Water Arctic Regions Cyanobacteria Microbiota Proteobacteria RNA Ribosomal 16S Seawater Snow Polar microbiology Arctic Bacterial diversity Pyrosequencing Astronomical and Space Sciences Medical Microbiology article 2014 ftcdlib 2023-10-09T18:06:34Z The microbial abundance and diversity in snow on ice floes at three sites near the North Pole was assessed using quantitative PCR and 454 pyrosequencing. Abundance of 16S rRNA genes in the samples ranged between 43 and 248 gene copies per millilitre of melted snow. A total of 291,331 sequences were obtained through 454 pyrosequencing of 16S rRNA genes, resulting in 984 OTUs at 97 % identity. Two sites were dominated by Cyanobacteria (72 and 61 %, respectively), including chloroplasts. The third site differed by consisting of 95 % Proteobacteria. Principal component analysis showed that the three sites clustered together when compared to the underlying environments of sea ice and ocean water. The Shannon indices ranged from 2.226 to 3.758, and the Chao1 indices showed species richness between 293 and 353 for the three samples. The relatively low abundances and diversity found in the samples indicate a lower rate of microbial input to this snow habitat compared to snow in the proximity of terrestrial and anthropogenic sources of microorganisms. The differences in species composition and diversity between the sites show that apparently similar snow habitats contain a large variation in biodiversity, although the differences were smaller than the differences to the underlying environment. The results support the idea that a globally distributed community exists in snow and that the global snow community can in part be attributed to microbial input from the atmosphere. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Sea ice University of California: eScholarship |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
University of California: eScholarship |
op_collection_id |
ftcdlib |
language |
unknown |
topic |
Microbiology Biological Sciences Ecology Life Below Water Arctic Regions Cyanobacteria Microbiota Proteobacteria RNA Ribosomal 16S Seawater Snow Polar microbiology Arctic Bacterial diversity Pyrosequencing Astronomical and Space Sciences Medical Microbiology |
spellingShingle |
Microbiology Biological Sciences Ecology Life Below Water Arctic Regions Cyanobacteria Microbiota Proteobacteria RNA Ribosomal 16S Seawater Snow Polar microbiology Arctic Bacterial diversity Pyrosequencing Astronomical and Space Sciences Medical Microbiology Hauptmann, Aviaja L Stibal, Marek Bælum, Jacob Sicheritz-Pontén, Thomas Brunak, Søren Bowman, Jeff S Hansen, Lars H Jacobsen, Carsten S Blom, Nikolaj Bacterial diversity in snow on North Pole ice floes |
topic_facet |
Microbiology Biological Sciences Ecology Life Below Water Arctic Regions Cyanobacteria Microbiota Proteobacteria RNA Ribosomal 16S Seawater Snow Polar microbiology Arctic Bacterial diversity Pyrosequencing Astronomical and Space Sciences Medical Microbiology |
description |
The microbial abundance and diversity in snow on ice floes at three sites near the North Pole was assessed using quantitative PCR and 454 pyrosequencing. Abundance of 16S rRNA genes in the samples ranged between 43 and 248 gene copies per millilitre of melted snow. A total of 291,331 sequences were obtained through 454 pyrosequencing of 16S rRNA genes, resulting in 984 OTUs at 97 % identity. Two sites were dominated by Cyanobacteria (72 and 61 %, respectively), including chloroplasts. The third site differed by consisting of 95 % Proteobacteria. Principal component analysis showed that the three sites clustered together when compared to the underlying environments of sea ice and ocean water. The Shannon indices ranged from 2.226 to 3.758, and the Chao1 indices showed species richness between 293 and 353 for the three samples. The relatively low abundances and diversity found in the samples indicate a lower rate of microbial input to this snow habitat compared to snow in the proximity of terrestrial and anthropogenic sources of microorganisms. The differences in species composition and diversity between the sites show that apparently similar snow habitats contain a large variation in biodiversity, although the differences were smaller than the differences to the underlying environment. The results support the idea that a globally distributed community exists in snow and that the global snow community can in part be attributed to microbial input from the atmosphere. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Hauptmann, Aviaja L Stibal, Marek Bælum, Jacob Sicheritz-Pontén, Thomas Brunak, Søren Bowman, Jeff S Hansen, Lars H Jacobsen, Carsten S Blom, Nikolaj |
author_facet |
Hauptmann, Aviaja L Stibal, Marek Bælum, Jacob Sicheritz-Pontén, Thomas Brunak, Søren Bowman, Jeff S Hansen, Lars H Jacobsen, Carsten S Blom, Nikolaj |
author_sort |
Hauptmann, Aviaja L |
title |
Bacterial diversity in snow on North Pole ice floes |
title_short |
Bacterial diversity in snow on North Pole ice floes |
title_full |
Bacterial diversity in snow on North Pole ice floes |
title_fullStr |
Bacterial diversity in snow on North Pole ice floes |
title_full_unstemmed |
Bacterial diversity in snow on North Pole ice floes |
title_sort |
bacterial diversity in snow on north pole ice floes |
publisher |
eScholarship, University of California |
publishDate |
2014 |
url |
https://escholarship.org/uc/item/12v525qx |
op_coverage |
945 - 951 |
genre |
Arctic Sea ice |
genre_facet |
Arctic Sea ice |
op_source |
Extremophiles, vol 18, iss 6 |
op_relation |
qt12v525qx https://escholarship.org/uc/item/12v525qx |
op_rights |
public |
_version_ |
1781695270366478336 |