Pre-Cambrian roots of novel Antarctic cryptoendolithic bacterial lineages.
BackgroundCryptoendolithic communities are microbial ecosystems dwelling inside porous rocks that are able to persist at the edge of the biological potential for life in the ice-free areas of the Antarctic desert. These regions include the McMurdo Dry Valleys, often accounted as the closest terrestr...
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ftcdlib:oai:escholarship.org/ark:/13030/qt8zv742pc 2023-05-15T13:52:38+02:00 Pre-Cambrian roots of novel Antarctic cryptoendolithic bacterial lineages. Albanese, Davide Coleine, Claudia Rota-Stabelli, Omar Onofri, Silvano Tringe, Susannah G Stajich, Jason E Selbmann, Laura Donati, Claudio 63 2021-03-19 application/pdf https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8zv742pc unknown eScholarship, University of California qt8zv742pc https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8zv742pc CC-BY-NC-ND CC-BY-NC-ND Microbiome, vol 9, iss 1 Bacteria Ecosystem Phylogeny Mars History Ancient Antarctic Regions Adaptation Antarctica Cryptoendolithic communities Evolution Extremophiles Functionality MAG Metagenomics Genetics Human Genome Ecology Microbiology Medical Microbiology article 2021 ftcdlib 2021-11-01T18:16:17Z BackgroundCryptoendolithic communities are microbial ecosystems dwelling inside porous rocks that are able to persist at the edge of the biological potential for life in the ice-free areas of the Antarctic desert. These regions include the McMurdo Dry Valleys, often accounted as the closest terrestrial counterpart of the Martian environment and thought to be devoid of life until the discovery of these cryptic life-forms. Despite their interest as a model for the early colonization by living organisms of terrestrial ecosystems and for adaptation to extreme conditions of stress, little is known about the evolution, diversity, and genetic makeup of bacterial species that reside in these environments. Using the Illumina Novaseq platform, we generated the first metagenomes from rocks collected in Continental Antarctica over a distance of about 350 km along an altitudinal transect from 834 up to 3100 m above sea level (a.s.l.).ResultsA total of 497 draft bacterial genome sequences were assembled and clustered into 269 candidate species that lack a representative genome in public databases. Actinobacteria represent the most abundant phylum, followed by Chloroflexi and Proteobacteria. The "Candidatus Jiangella antarctica" has been recorded across all samples, suggesting a high adaptation and specialization of this species to the harshest Antarctic desert environment. The majority of these new species belong to monophyletic bacterial clades that diverged from related taxa in a range from 1.2 billion to 410 Ma and are functionally distinct from known related taxa.ConclusionsOur findings significantly increase the repertoire of genomic data for several taxa and, to date, represent the first example of bacterial genomes recovered from endolithic communities. Their ancient origin seems to not be related to the geological history of the continent, rather they may represent evolutionary remnants of pristine clades that evolved across the Tonian glaciation. These unique genomic resources will underpin future studies on the structure, evolution, and function of these ecosystems at the edge of life. Video abstract. Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica McMurdo Dry Valleys University of California: eScholarship Antarctic McMurdo Dry Valleys The Antarctic |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
University of California: eScholarship |
op_collection_id |
ftcdlib |
language |
unknown |
topic |
Bacteria Ecosystem Phylogeny Mars History Ancient Antarctic Regions Adaptation Antarctica Cryptoendolithic communities Evolution Extremophiles Functionality MAG Metagenomics Genetics Human Genome Ecology Microbiology Medical Microbiology |
spellingShingle |
Bacteria Ecosystem Phylogeny Mars History Ancient Antarctic Regions Adaptation Antarctica Cryptoendolithic communities Evolution Extremophiles Functionality MAG Metagenomics Genetics Human Genome Ecology Microbiology Medical Microbiology Albanese, Davide Coleine, Claudia Rota-Stabelli, Omar Onofri, Silvano Tringe, Susannah G Stajich, Jason E Selbmann, Laura Donati, Claudio Pre-Cambrian roots of novel Antarctic cryptoendolithic bacterial lineages. |
topic_facet |
Bacteria Ecosystem Phylogeny Mars History Ancient Antarctic Regions Adaptation Antarctica Cryptoendolithic communities Evolution Extremophiles Functionality MAG Metagenomics Genetics Human Genome Ecology Microbiology Medical Microbiology |
description |
BackgroundCryptoendolithic communities are microbial ecosystems dwelling inside porous rocks that are able to persist at the edge of the biological potential for life in the ice-free areas of the Antarctic desert. These regions include the McMurdo Dry Valleys, often accounted as the closest terrestrial counterpart of the Martian environment and thought to be devoid of life until the discovery of these cryptic life-forms. Despite their interest as a model for the early colonization by living organisms of terrestrial ecosystems and for adaptation to extreme conditions of stress, little is known about the evolution, diversity, and genetic makeup of bacterial species that reside in these environments. Using the Illumina Novaseq platform, we generated the first metagenomes from rocks collected in Continental Antarctica over a distance of about 350 km along an altitudinal transect from 834 up to 3100 m above sea level (a.s.l.).ResultsA total of 497 draft bacterial genome sequences were assembled and clustered into 269 candidate species that lack a representative genome in public databases. Actinobacteria represent the most abundant phylum, followed by Chloroflexi and Proteobacteria. The "Candidatus Jiangella antarctica" has been recorded across all samples, suggesting a high adaptation and specialization of this species to the harshest Antarctic desert environment. The majority of these new species belong to monophyletic bacterial clades that diverged from related taxa in a range from 1.2 billion to 410 Ma and are functionally distinct from known related taxa.ConclusionsOur findings significantly increase the repertoire of genomic data for several taxa and, to date, represent the first example of bacterial genomes recovered from endolithic communities. Their ancient origin seems to not be related to the geological history of the continent, rather they may represent evolutionary remnants of pristine clades that evolved across the Tonian glaciation. These unique genomic resources will underpin future studies on the structure, evolution, and function of these ecosystems at the edge of life. Video abstract. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Albanese, Davide Coleine, Claudia Rota-Stabelli, Omar Onofri, Silvano Tringe, Susannah G Stajich, Jason E Selbmann, Laura Donati, Claudio |
author_facet |
Albanese, Davide Coleine, Claudia Rota-Stabelli, Omar Onofri, Silvano Tringe, Susannah G Stajich, Jason E Selbmann, Laura Donati, Claudio |
author_sort |
Albanese, Davide |
title |
Pre-Cambrian roots of novel Antarctic cryptoendolithic bacterial lineages. |
title_short |
Pre-Cambrian roots of novel Antarctic cryptoendolithic bacterial lineages. |
title_full |
Pre-Cambrian roots of novel Antarctic cryptoendolithic bacterial lineages. |
title_fullStr |
Pre-Cambrian roots of novel Antarctic cryptoendolithic bacterial lineages. |
title_full_unstemmed |
Pre-Cambrian roots of novel Antarctic cryptoendolithic bacterial lineages. |
title_sort |
pre-cambrian roots of novel antarctic cryptoendolithic bacterial lineages. |
publisher |
eScholarship, University of California |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8zv742pc |
op_coverage |
63 |
geographic |
Antarctic McMurdo Dry Valleys The Antarctic |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic McMurdo Dry Valleys The Antarctic |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica McMurdo Dry Valleys |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica McMurdo Dry Valleys |
op_source |
Microbiome, vol 9, iss 1 |
op_relation |
qt8zv742pc https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8zv742pc |
op_rights |
CC-BY-NC-ND |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY-NC-ND |
_version_ |
1766257057150795776 |