Strategies in times of crisis-insights into the benthic foraminiferal record of the Palaeocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum.
Climate change is predicted to alter temperature, carbonate chemistry and oxygen availability in the oceans, which will affect individuals, populations and ecosystems. We use the fossil record of benthic foraminifers to assess developmental impacts in response to environmental changes during the Pal...
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ftcdlib:oai:escholarship.org/ark:/13030/qt6zn9r227 2023-05-15T18:25:17+02:00 Strategies in times of crisis-insights into the benthic foraminiferal record of the Palaeocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum. Schmidt, Daniela N Thomas, Ellen Authier, Elisabeth Saunders, David Ridgwell, Andy 20170328 - 20170328 2018-10-01 application/pdf https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6zn9r227 unknown eScholarship, University of California qt6zn9r227 https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6zn9r227 public Philosophical transactions. Series A, Mathematical, physical, and engineering sciences, vol 376, iss 2130 Imaging Three-Dimensional Ecosystem Temperature Population Density Time Factors Extinction Biological X-Ray Microtomography Geological Phenomena Foraminifera Climate Change Palaeocene–Eocene Thermal Maximum benthic foraminifers development ocean drilling programme µ-computed tomography Palaeocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum mu-computed tomography General Science & Technology article 2018 ftcdlib 2020-06-06T07:53:16Z Climate change is predicted to alter temperature, carbonate chemistry and oxygen availability in the oceans, which will affect individuals, populations and ecosystems. We use the fossil record of benthic foraminifers to assess developmental impacts in response to environmental changes during the Palaeocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM). Using an unprecedented number of µ-computed tomography scans, we determine the size of the proloculus (first chamber), the number of chambers and the final size of two benthic foraminiferal species which survived the extinction at sites 690 (Atlantic sector, Southern Ocean, palaeodepth 1900 m), 1210 (central equatorial Pacific, palaeodepth 2100 m) and 1135 (Indian Ocean sector, Southern Ocean, palaeodepth 600-1000 m). The population at the shallowest site, 1135, does not show a clear response to the PETM, whereas those at the other sites record reductions in diameter or proloculus size. Temperature was similar at all sites, thus it is not likely to be the reason for differences between sites. At site 1210, small size coincided with higher chamber numbers during the peak event, and may have been caused by a combination of low carbonate ion concentrations and low food supply. Dwarfing at site 690 occurred at lower chamber numbers, and may have been caused by decreasing carbonate saturation at sufficient food levels to reproduce. Proloculus size varied strongly between sites and through time, suggesting a large influence of environment on both microspheric and megalospheric forms without clear bimodality. The effect of the environmental changes during the PETM was more pronounced at deeper sites, possibly implicating carbonate saturation.This article is part of a discussion meeting issue 'Hyperthermals: rapid and extreme global warming in our geological past'. Article in Journal/Newspaper Southern Ocean University of California: eScholarship Indian Pacific Southern Ocean |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
University of California: eScholarship |
op_collection_id |
ftcdlib |
language |
unknown |
topic |
Imaging Three-Dimensional Ecosystem Temperature Population Density Time Factors Extinction Biological X-Ray Microtomography Geological Phenomena Foraminifera Climate Change Palaeocene–Eocene Thermal Maximum benthic foraminifers development ocean drilling programme µ-computed tomography Palaeocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum mu-computed tomography General Science & Technology |
spellingShingle |
Imaging Three-Dimensional Ecosystem Temperature Population Density Time Factors Extinction Biological X-Ray Microtomography Geological Phenomena Foraminifera Climate Change Palaeocene–Eocene Thermal Maximum benthic foraminifers development ocean drilling programme µ-computed tomography Palaeocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum mu-computed tomography General Science & Technology Schmidt, Daniela N Thomas, Ellen Authier, Elisabeth Saunders, David Ridgwell, Andy Strategies in times of crisis-insights into the benthic foraminiferal record of the Palaeocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum. |
topic_facet |
Imaging Three-Dimensional Ecosystem Temperature Population Density Time Factors Extinction Biological X-Ray Microtomography Geological Phenomena Foraminifera Climate Change Palaeocene–Eocene Thermal Maximum benthic foraminifers development ocean drilling programme µ-computed tomography Palaeocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum mu-computed tomography General Science & Technology |
description |
Climate change is predicted to alter temperature, carbonate chemistry and oxygen availability in the oceans, which will affect individuals, populations and ecosystems. We use the fossil record of benthic foraminifers to assess developmental impacts in response to environmental changes during the Palaeocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM). Using an unprecedented number of µ-computed tomography scans, we determine the size of the proloculus (first chamber), the number of chambers and the final size of two benthic foraminiferal species which survived the extinction at sites 690 (Atlantic sector, Southern Ocean, palaeodepth 1900 m), 1210 (central equatorial Pacific, palaeodepth 2100 m) and 1135 (Indian Ocean sector, Southern Ocean, palaeodepth 600-1000 m). The population at the shallowest site, 1135, does not show a clear response to the PETM, whereas those at the other sites record reductions in diameter or proloculus size. Temperature was similar at all sites, thus it is not likely to be the reason for differences between sites. At site 1210, small size coincided with higher chamber numbers during the peak event, and may have been caused by a combination of low carbonate ion concentrations and low food supply. Dwarfing at site 690 occurred at lower chamber numbers, and may have been caused by decreasing carbonate saturation at sufficient food levels to reproduce. Proloculus size varied strongly between sites and through time, suggesting a large influence of environment on both microspheric and megalospheric forms without clear bimodality. The effect of the environmental changes during the PETM was more pronounced at deeper sites, possibly implicating carbonate saturation.This article is part of a discussion meeting issue 'Hyperthermals: rapid and extreme global warming in our geological past'. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Schmidt, Daniela N Thomas, Ellen Authier, Elisabeth Saunders, David Ridgwell, Andy |
author_facet |
Schmidt, Daniela N Thomas, Ellen Authier, Elisabeth Saunders, David Ridgwell, Andy |
author_sort |
Schmidt, Daniela N |
title |
Strategies in times of crisis-insights into the benthic foraminiferal record of the Palaeocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum. |
title_short |
Strategies in times of crisis-insights into the benthic foraminiferal record of the Palaeocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum. |
title_full |
Strategies in times of crisis-insights into the benthic foraminiferal record of the Palaeocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum. |
title_fullStr |
Strategies in times of crisis-insights into the benthic foraminiferal record of the Palaeocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum. |
title_full_unstemmed |
Strategies in times of crisis-insights into the benthic foraminiferal record of the Palaeocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum. |
title_sort |
strategies in times of crisis-insights into the benthic foraminiferal record of the palaeocene-eocene thermal maximum. |
publisher |
eScholarship, University of California |
publishDate |
2018 |
url |
https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6zn9r227 |
op_coverage |
20170328 - 20170328 |
geographic |
Indian Pacific Southern Ocean |
geographic_facet |
Indian Pacific Southern Ocean |
genre |
Southern Ocean |
genre_facet |
Southern Ocean |
op_source |
Philosophical transactions. Series A, Mathematical, physical, and engineering sciences, vol 376, iss 2130 |
op_relation |
qt6zn9r227 https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6zn9r227 |
op_rights |
public |
_version_ |
1766206619805286400 |