Soil moisture mediates alpine life form and community productivity responses to warming.
Climate change is expected to alter primary production and community composition in alpine ecosystems, but the direction and magnitude of change is debated. Warmer, wetter growing seasons may increase productivity; however, in the absence of additional precipitation, increased temperatures may decre...
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ftcdlib:oai:escholarship.org/ark:/13030/qt2gb3w02t 2023-05-15T18:40:40+02:00 Soil moisture mediates alpine life form and community productivity responses to warming. Winkler, Daniel E Chapin, Kenneth J Kueppers, Lara M 1553 - 1563 2016-06-01 application/pdf https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2gb3w02t unknown eScholarship, University of California qt2gb3w02t https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2gb3w02t public Ecology, vol 97, iss 6 Water Soil Ecosystem Temperature Environmental Monitoring Colorado Climate Change alpine tundra climate experiment degree days primary productivity season length soil moisture warming Ecology Ecological Applications Evolutionary Biology article 2016 ftcdlib 2019-12-20T23:53:22Z Climate change is expected to alter primary production and community composition in alpine ecosystems, but the direction and magnitude of change is debated. Warmer, wetter growing seasons may increase productivity; however, in the absence of additional precipitation, increased temperatures may decrease soil moisture, thereby diminishing any positive effect of warming. Since plant species show individual responses to environmental change, responses may depend on community composition and vary across life form or functional groups. We warmed an alpine plant community at Niwot Ridge, Colorado continuously for four years to test whether warming increases or decreases productivity of life form groups and the whole community. We provided supplemental water to a subset of plots to alleviate the drying effect of warming. We measured annual above-ground productivity and soil temperature and moisture, from which we calculated soil degree days and adequate soil moisture days. Using an information-theoretic approach, we observed that positive productivity responses to warming at the community level occur only when warming is combined with supplemental watering; otherwise we observed decreased productivity. Watering also increased community productivity in the absence of warming. Forbs accounted for the majority of the productivity at the site and drove the contingent community response to warming, while cushions drove the generally positive response to watering and graminoids muted the community response. Warming advanced snowmelt and increased soil degree days, while watering increased adequate soil moisture days. Heated and watered plots had more adequate soil moisture days than heated plots. Overall, measured changes in soil temperature and moisture in response to treatments were consistent with expected productivity responses. We found that available soil moisture largely determines the responses of this forb-dominated alpine community to simulated climate warming. Article in Journal/Newspaper Tundra University of California: eScholarship |
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Open Polar |
collection |
University of California: eScholarship |
op_collection_id |
ftcdlib |
language |
unknown |
topic |
Water Soil Ecosystem Temperature Environmental Monitoring Colorado Climate Change alpine tundra climate experiment degree days primary productivity season length soil moisture warming Ecology Ecological Applications Evolutionary Biology |
spellingShingle |
Water Soil Ecosystem Temperature Environmental Monitoring Colorado Climate Change alpine tundra climate experiment degree days primary productivity season length soil moisture warming Ecology Ecological Applications Evolutionary Biology Winkler, Daniel E Chapin, Kenneth J Kueppers, Lara M Soil moisture mediates alpine life form and community productivity responses to warming. |
topic_facet |
Water Soil Ecosystem Temperature Environmental Monitoring Colorado Climate Change alpine tundra climate experiment degree days primary productivity season length soil moisture warming Ecology Ecological Applications Evolutionary Biology |
description |
Climate change is expected to alter primary production and community composition in alpine ecosystems, but the direction and magnitude of change is debated. Warmer, wetter growing seasons may increase productivity; however, in the absence of additional precipitation, increased temperatures may decrease soil moisture, thereby diminishing any positive effect of warming. Since plant species show individual responses to environmental change, responses may depend on community composition and vary across life form or functional groups. We warmed an alpine plant community at Niwot Ridge, Colorado continuously for four years to test whether warming increases or decreases productivity of life form groups and the whole community. We provided supplemental water to a subset of plots to alleviate the drying effect of warming. We measured annual above-ground productivity and soil temperature and moisture, from which we calculated soil degree days and adequate soil moisture days. Using an information-theoretic approach, we observed that positive productivity responses to warming at the community level occur only when warming is combined with supplemental watering; otherwise we observed decreased productivity. Watering also increased community productivity in the absence of warming. Forbs accounted for the majority of the productivity at the site and drove the contingent community response to warming, while cushions drove the generally positive response to watering and graminoids muted the community response. Warming advanced snowmelt and increased soil degree days, while watering increased adequate soil moisture days. Heated and watered plots had more adequate soil moisture days than heated plots. Overall, measured changes in soil temperature and moisture in response to treatments were consistent with expected productivity responses. We found that available soil moisture largely determines the responses of this forb-dominated alpine community to simulated climate warming. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Winkler, Daniel E Chapin, Kenneth J Kueppers, Lara M |
author_facet |
Winkler, Daniel E Chapin, Kenneth J Kueppers, Lara M |
author_sort |
Winkler, Daniel E |
title |
Soil moisture mediates alpine life form and community productivity responses to warming. |
title_short |
Soil moisture mediates alpine life form and community productivity responses to warming. |
title_full |
Soil moisture mediates alpine life form and community productivity responses to warming. |
title_fullStr |
Soil moisture mediates alpine life form and community productivity responses to warming. |
title_full_unstemmed |
Soil moisture mediates alpine life form and community productivity responses to warming. |
title_sort |
soil moisture mediates alpine life form and community productivity responses to warming. |
publisher |
eScholarship, University of California |
publishDate |
2016 |
url |
https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2gb3w02t |
op_coverage |
1553 - 1563 |
genre |
Tundra |
genre_facet |
Tundra |
op_source |
Ecology, vol 97, iss 6 |
op_relation |
qt2gb3w02t https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2gb3w02t |
op_rights |
public |
_version_ |
1766230064503980032 |