Analysis of the metabolic features of plant extremophile species from the Atacama Desert
Extreme lands lying at the edges of at least one abiotic gradient permit the survival of extremely few species. These so-called extremophile species (literally loving “philos” the extremes) harbour a unique reservoir of genetic and biochemical adaptations that has always attracted human curiosity. P...
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Online Access: | https://theses.hal.science/tel-03923171 https://theses.hal.science/tel-03923171/document https://theses.hal.science/tel-03923171/file/DUSSARRAT_THOMAS_2022.pdf |
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ftccsdartic:oai:HAL:tel-03923171v1 2023-05-15T18:02:04+02:00 Analysis of the metabolic features of plant extremophile species from the Atacama Desert Analyse des caractéristiques métaboliques de plantes extrêmes du Désert d'Atacama Dussarrat, Thomas Biologie du fruit et pathologie (BFP) Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE) Université de Bordeaux Pontificia universidad católica de Chile (Santiago de Chile) Dominique Rolin Rodrigo A. Gutiérrez Pierre Pétriacq 2022-04-20 https://theses.hal.science/tel-03923171 https://theses.hal.science/tel-03923171/document https://theses.hal.science/tel-03923171/file/DUSSARRAT_THOMAS_2022.pdf en eng HAL CCSD NNT: 2022BORD0045 tel-03923171 https://theses.hal.science/tel-03923171 https://theses.hal.science/tel-03923171/document https://theses.hal.science/tel-03923171/file/DUSSARRAT_THOMAS_2022.pdf info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess https://theses.hal.science/tel-03923171 Agricultural sciences. Université de Bordeaux; Pontificia universidad católica de Chile (Santiago de Chile), 2022. English. ⟨NNT : 2022BORD0045⟩ Adaptation Extreme environments Multiple species Predictive metabolomics Ecology Plant metabolism Environnements extrêmes Multi-Espèces Métabolomique prédictive Ecologie Plante [SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis Theses 2022 ftccsdartic 2023-03-12T01:59:34Z Extreme lands lying at the edges of at least one abiotic gradient permit the survival of extremely few species. These so-called extremophile species (literally loving “philos” the extremes) harbour a unique reservoir of genetic and biochemical adaptations that has always attracted human curiosity. Previous studies have shown a high degree of species-specificity for plant adaptation to hostile biomes, thus explaining that successful transfers of protective mechanisms to crops remain scant. However, generic adaptive strategies may also exist. In this context, I propose to carry out a comprehensive approach from the ecosystem to the metabolites to investigate the biochemical adjustments of extremophile plant species from the Atacama Desert, the driest non-polar desert on earth. Plants were collected in their natural environment that spans an elevation gradient from 2500 to 4500m. Multiple metabolomic approaches were combined with machine learning to unveil a generic toolbox for plant resilience to harsh conditions. Subsequently, reaction and pathway enrichment analyses identified genetic legacies underlying convergent biochemical strategies selected through evolution. Finally, the role of positive interactions with the cactus Maihueniopsis camachoi in the adaptation of various plant species to harsh environments was explored. Results yielded a better mechanistic understanding of facilitation processes and the discovery of an intriguing set of metabolites able to predict the interaction status. Overall, while this study provided significant insights into our comprehension of adaptive mechanisms underlying plant resilience to extreme climates, our multi-species approach foreshadows promising studies and discoveries in agronomy and ecology. Les terres extrêmes situées à la limite d'au moins un gradient abiotique permettent la survie de très peu d'espèces. Ces espèces dites extrêmophiles (littéralement, aimant "philos" les extrêmes) abritent un réservoir unique d'adaptations génétiques et biochimiques qui a toujours ... Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis polar desert Archive ouverte HAL (Hyper Article en Ligne, CCSD - Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe) |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Archive ouverte HAL (Hyper Article en Ligne, CCSD - Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe) |
op_collection_id |
ftccsdartic |
language |
English |
topic |
Adaptation Extreme environments Multiple species Predictive metabolomics Ecology Plant metabolism Environnements extrêmes Multi-Espèces Métabolomique prédictive Ecologie Plante [SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences |
spellingShingle |
Adaptation Extreme environments Multiple species Predictive metabolomics Ecology Plant metabolism Environnements extrêmes Multi-Espèces Métabolomique prédictive Ecologie Plante [SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences Dussarrat, Thomas Analysis of the metabolic features of plant extremophile species from the Atacama Desert |
topic_facet |
Adaptation Extreme environments Multiple species Predictive metabolomics Ecology Plant metabolism Environnements extrêmes Multi-Espèces Métabolomique prédictive Ecologie Plante [SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences |
description |
Extreme lands lying at the edges of at least one abiotic gradient permit the survival of extremely few species. These so-called extremophile species (literally loving “philos” the extremes) harbour a unique reservoir of genetic and biochemical adaptations that has always attracted human curiosity. Previous studies have shown a high degree of species-specificity for plant adaptation to hostile biomes, thus explaining that successful transfers of protective mechanisms to crops remain scant. However, generic adaptive strategies may also exist. In this context, I propose to carry out a comprehensive approach from the ecosystem to the metabolites to investigate the biochemical adjustments of extremophile plant species from the Atacama Desert, the driest non-polar desert on earth. Plants were collected in their natural environment that spans an elevation gradient from 2500 to 4500m. Multiple metabolomic approaches were combined with machine learning to unveil a generic toolbox for plant resilience to harsh conditions. Subsequently, reaction and pathway enrichment analyses identified genetic legacies underlying convergent biochemical strategies selected through evolution. Finally, the role of positive interactions with the cactus Maihueniopsis camachoi in the adaptation of various plant species to harsh environments was explored. Results yielded a better mechanistic understanding of facilitation processes and the discovery of an intriguing set of metabolites able to predict the interaction status. Overall, while this study provided significant insights into our comprehension of adaptive mechanisms underlying plant resilience to extreme climates, our multi-species approach foreshadows promising studies and discoveries in agronomy and ecology. Les terres extrêmes situées à la limite d'au moins un gradient abiotique permettent la survie de très peu d'espèces. Ces espèces dites extrêmophiles (littéralement, aimant "philos" les extrêmes) abritent un réservoir unique d'adaptations génétiques et biochimiques qui a toujours ... |
author2 |
Biologie du fruit et pathologie (BFP) Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE) Université de Bordeaux Pontificia universidad católica de Chile (Santiago de Chile) Dominique Rolin Rodrigo A. Gutiérrez Pierre Pétriacq |
format |
Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis |
author |
Dussarrat, Thomas |
author_facet |
Dussarrat, Thomas |
author_sort |
Dussarrat, Thomas |
title |
Analysis of the metabolic features of plant extremophile species from the Atacama Desert |
title_short |
Analysis of the metabolic features of plant extremophile species from the Atacama Desert |
title_full |
Analysis of the metabolic features of plant extremophile species from the Atacama Desert |
title_fullStr |
Analysis of the metabolic features of plant extremophile species from the Atacama Desert |
title_full_unstemmed |
Analysis of the metabolic features of plant extremophile species from the Atacama Desert |
title_sort |
analysis of the metabolic features of plant extremophile species from the atacama desert |
publisher |
HAL CCSD |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
https://theses.hal.science/tel-03923171 https://theses.hal.science/tel-03923171/document https://theses.hal.science/tel-03923171/file/DUSSARRAT_THOMAS_2022.pdf |
genre |
polar desert |
genre_facet |
polar desert |
op_source |
https://theses.hal.science/tel-03923171 Agricultural sciences. Université de Bordeaux; Pontificia universidad católica de Chile (Santiago de Chile), 2022. English. ⟨NNT : 2022BORD0045⟩ |
op_relation |
NNT: 2022BORD0045 tel-03923171 https://theses.hal.science/tel-03923171 https://theses.hal.science/tel-03923171/document https://theses.hal.science/tel-03923171/file/DUSSARRAT_THOMAS_2022.pdf |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess |
_version_ |
1766171753525018624 |