Polar seabirds, sentinels of the sea ice : Demographic responses and life history traits
The impact of climate change on sea ice and polar ecosystems has been well recognized. However, these environments are generally difficult to study because of their extreme climate, isolation and the associated logistical difficulties. The lack of knowledge regarding the mechanisms linking the life...
Main Author: | |
---|---|
Other Authors: | , , , |
Format: | Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis |
Language: | French |
Published: |
HAL CCSD
2020
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-03342325 https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-03342325/document https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-03342325/file/2020SAUSER154889.pdf |
id |
ftccsdartic:oai:HAL:tel-03342325v1 |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
ftccsdartic:oai:HAL:tel-03342325v1 2023-05-15T13:37:56+02:00 Polar seabirds, sentinels of the sea ice : Demographic responses and life history traits Les oiseaux marins polaires, sentinelles de la glace de mer : Réponses démographiques et traits d’histoire de vie Sauser, Christophe Centre d'Études Biologiques de Chizé - UMR 7372 (CEBC) Université de La Rochelle (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE) Université de La Rochelle Christophe Barbraud 2020-09-25 https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-03342325 https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-03342325/document https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-03342325/file/2020SAUSER154889.pdf fr fre HAL CCSD NNT: 2020LAROS027 tel-03342325 https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-03342325 https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-03342325/document https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-03342325/file/2020SAUSER154889.pdf info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-03342325 Biologie animale. Université de La Rochelle, 2020. Français. ⟨NNT : 2020LAROS027⟩ Demography Seabirds Sea ice Antarctica Sentinels species Démographie Oiseaux marins Glace de mer Antarctique Espèce sentinelle [SDV.BA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis Theses 2020 ftccsdartic 2021-11-06T23:49:35Z The impact of climate change on sea ice and polar ecosystems has been well recognized. However, these environments are generally difficult to study because of their extreme climate, isolation and the associated logistical difficulties. The lack of knowledge regarding the mechanisms linking the life history traits of polar organisms and sea ice variation limit our understanding of the consequences of climate change on long-lived species such as polar seabirds and sea ice ecosystems. Seabirds, generally located at the top of food webs, could however constitute sentinel species of ecosystems linked to sea ice. The objective of this thesis is to improve knowledge on the processes involved in the responses of polar marine predators to environmental variations, and mainly the mechanisms linked to sea ice. For this purpose we have based our analyses on the long-term monitoring of two polar seabirds, the snow petrel (Pagodroma nivea) and the Cape petrel (Daption capense). Both species breed in polar environments of the Southern Ocean. One is particularly dependent on sea ice for foraging (snow petrel) while the other prefers ice-free habitats (Cape petrel). During this PhD, we estimated the influence of extrinsic factors (top-down, bottom-up, local weather) and intrinsic factors (age, breeding experience, sex and colony) on the demographic responses of these two species using multi-states capture-recapture models. We also tested the influence of environmental factors on phenotypic traits (body condition and breeding phenology) of snow petrels. For the Cape petrel, we show a decrease in breeding success as well as an influence of several extrinsic parameters (sea surface temperature, predation, local weather) on this demographic parameter. We also show an increase in adult survival linked to variations of a large scale climate index, the southern annular mode. Modelling of the population dynamics using a matrix population model indicated a positive population growth rate and suggest that this species probably ... Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis Antarc* Antarctica Antarctique* Cape Petrel Daption capense Sea ice Snow Petrel Snow Petrels Southern Ocean Archive ouverte HAL (Hyper Article en Ligne, CCSD - Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe) Nivea ENVELOPE(-45.479,-45.479,-60.580,-60.580) Sentinelles ENVELOPE(141.696,141.696,-66.778,-66.778) Southern Ocean |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Archive ouverte HAL (Hyper Article en Ligne, CCSD - Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe) |
op_collection_id |
ftccsdartic |
language |
French |
topic |
Demography Seabirds Sea ice Antarctica Sentinels species Démographie Oiseaux marins Glace de mer Antarctique Espèce sentinelle [SDV.BA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology |
spellingShingle |
Demography Seabirds Sea ice Antarctica Sentinels species Démographie Oiseaux marins Glace de mer Antarctique Espèce sentinelle [SDV.BA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology Sauser, Christophe Polar seabirds, sentinels of the sea ice : Demographic responses and life history traits |
topic_facet |
Demography Seabirds Sea ice Antarctica Sentinels species Démographie Oiseaux marins Glace de mer Antarctique Espèce sentinelle [SDV.BA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology |
description |
The impact of climate change on sea ice and polar ecosystems has been well recognized. However, these environments are generally difficult to study because of their extreme climate, isolation and the associated logistical difficulties. The lack of knowledge regarding the mechanisms linking the life history traits of polar organisms and sea ice variation limit our understanding of the consequences of climate change on long-lived species such as polar seabirds and sea ice ecosystems. Seabirds, generally located at the top of food webs, could however constitute sentinel species of ecosystems linked to sea ice. The objective of this thesis is to improve knowledge on the processes involved in the responses of polar marine predators to environmental variations, and mainly the mechanisms linked to sea ice. For this purpose we have based our analyses on the long-term monitoring of two polar seabirds, the snow petrel (Pagodroma nivea) and the Cape petrel (Daption capense). Both species breed in polar environments of the Southern Ocean. One is particularly dependent on sea ice for foraging (snow petrel) while the other prefers ice-free habitats (Cape petrel). During this PhD, we estimated the influence of extrinsic factors (top-down, bottom-up, local weather) and intrinsic factors (age, breeding experience, sex and colony) on the demographic responses of these two species using multi-states capture-recapture models. We also tested the influence of environmental factors on phenotypic traits (body condition and breeding phenology) of snow petrels. For the Cape petrel, we show a decrease in breeding success as well as an influence of several extrinsic parameters (sea surface temperature, predation, local weather) on this demographic parameter. We also show an increase in adult survival linked to variations of a large scale climate index, the southern annular mode. Modelling of the population dynamics using a matrix population model indicated a positive population growth rate and suggest that this species probably ... |
author2 |
Centre d'Études Biologiques de Chizé - UMR 7372 (CEBC) Université de La Rochelle (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE) Université de La Rochelle Christophe Barbraud |
format |
Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis |
author |
Sauser, Christophe |
author_facet |
Sauser, Christophe |
author_sort |
Sauser, Christophe |
title |
Polar seabirds, sentinels of the sea ice : Demographic responses and life history traits |
title_short |
Polar seabirds, sentinels of the sea ice : Demographic responses and life history traits |
title_full |
Polar seabirds, sentinels of the sea ice : Demographic responses and life history traits |
title_fullStr |
Polar seabirds, sentinels of the sea ice : Demographic responses and life history traits |
title_full_unstemmed |
Polar seabirds, sentinels of the sea ice : Demographic responses and life history traits |
title_sort |
polar seabirds, sentinels of the sea ice : demographic responses and life history traits |
publisher |
HAL CCSD |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-03342325 https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-03342325/document https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-03342325/file/2020SAUSER154889.pdf |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-45.479,-45.479,-60.580,-60.580) ENVELOPE(141.696,141.696,-66.778,-66.778) |
geographic |
Nivea Sentinelles Southern Ocean |
geographic_facet |
Nivea Sentinelles Southern Ocean |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctica Antarctique* Cape Petrel Daption capense Sea ice Snow Petrel Snow Petrels Southern Ocean |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctica Antarctique* Cape Petrel Daption capense Sea ice Snow Petrel Snow Petrels Southern Ocean |
op_source |
https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-03342325 Biologie animale. Université de La Rochelle, 2020. Français. ⟨NNT : 2020LAROS027⟩ |
op_relation |
NNT: 2020LAROS027 tel-03342325 https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-03342325 https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-03342325/document https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-03342325/file/2020SAUSER154889.pdf |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess |
_version_ |
1766099629123829760 |