From the concept of health to the determination of reference intervals in the Pacific cupped oyster Crassostrea gigas

• Main Author: François, Cyrille
• Other Authors: Laboratoire de Génétique et Pathologie des Mollusques Marins, 17390 La Tremblade, France. (LGPMM), Santé, Génétique et Microbiologie des Mollusques (IFREMER SG2M), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer - Atlantique (IFREMER Atlantique), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer - Atlantique (IFREMER Atlantique), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Université de La Rochelle, Tristan Renault
• Format: Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis
• Language: French
• Published: HAL CCSD 2019
• Subjects: Health; Oyster; Reference values; Clearance rate; Oxygen consumption rate; Santé; Huître; Valeurs de référence; Filtration; Consommation d'oxygène; [SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences; Pacific; Crassostrea gigas; Pacific oyster
• Online Access: https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-02900287; https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-02900287/document; https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-02900287/file/Francois_Cyrille.pdf

Of interest of everyone, health is not an easy concept to figure out. Although there is no universal definition of health, its various uses and meanings allow us to specify its biological, psychic and social dimensions. In animal health, the biological dimension remains the most studied, there is therefore no consensual definition of international animal health. So how to understand the health of marine shellfish? A living being can be functionally described in physiopathology by monitoring biomarkers under laboratory conditions. In men and many animals, "normal" biomarker values have been proposed; these have been determined by carrying out measurements or observations in samples of healthy populations, the rigorous selection of these populations and samples being a major issue. This approach has long been based on the idea that a living being is in "good health" when it is in the "norm", or otherwise expressed, that its biomarker values are part of the distribution of biomarker values obtained in a population in "good health". Different stages then led to changing the terminology of "normal" or usual values, sometimes called medical constants, to prefer those of reference values and reference intervals. The definitions of these terms and their determination have been the subject of numerous publications and international standards which constitute the scientific body of the theory of reference values. After choosing biomarkers of interest in biological health in the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas (first issue), to establish healthy oyster populations (second issue), is it possible in a first study to determine reference intervals of these biomarkers in a reference sample group (third issue), then to verify that they provide elements of hypotheses on the health, by carrying out complementary studies of comparison with the observed values of biomarkers in Pacific oysters experimentally infected by pathogens, OsHV-1 (ostreid herpesvirus type 1) on the one hand, Vibrio aestuarianus on the other (fourth issue)? ...