Variability of the Barents Sea and its impact on phytoplankton
The Barents Sea has a particularly rich ecosystem. This is an Arctic region subject to intense climate changes. The drastic decrease in sea ice cover is the most visible effect. What are the impacts of these climatic changes on the hydrology and phytoplankton? In order to answer these questions, thi...
Main Author: | |
---|---|
Other Authors: | , , , , , , , |
Format: | Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis |
Language: | French |
Published: |
HAL CCSD
2015
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01309807 https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01309807/document https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01309807/file/these_archivage_3152088o.pdf |
Summary: | The Barents Sea has a particularly rich ecosystem. This is an Arctic region subject to intense climate changes. The drastic decrease in sea ice cover is the most visible effect. What are the impacts of these climatic changes on the hydrology and phytoplankton? In order to answer these questions, this thesis relies on the creation of an extensive historical database of physical and bio-geochemical parameters. A 3D bio-geochemical model with an Arctic specific ecosystem is used when observations are lacking. At least, remote sensing data provides valuable time series of Ice concentration, Chlorophyll-a. The Polar Front, separating the Atlantic Water coming from the Nordic Sea from the Arctic Water, is the principal feature of the Barents Sea region. Its position is known west of 35°E, but we showed that the polar front splits into two branches in the East part of the Barents Sea: the "Southern Front" and the "Northern Front". They enclose the winter locally formed Barents Sea Water. An “Atlantification”, illustrating a doubling of the Atlantic Water volume, has been evidenced and goes along with a North-eastward shift of the fronts. These hydrological and sea ice changes have a significant impact on the phytoplankton development. The two blooms of the Barents Sea occur further North and East with a 40% total anual biomass increase for the last two decades. This study suggests that the winter sea ice conditions and the frontal structure are the key mechanisms driving the inter-annual phytoplankton variability. La mer de Barents possède un écosystème particulièrement riche. Elle est affectée par le changement climatique actuel, comme le reste de l'Arctique. L'effet le plus visible et le plus connu est la réduction spectaculaire de la banquise. On examine dans cette thèse les répercussions de ces changements sur l'hydrologie et le phytoplancton en mer de Barents. Pour cela, on s'appuie sur la création d'une base de données historiques comprenant les paramètres hydrologiques et bio-géochimiques. Un modèle 3D ... |
---|