Mixed Phase Clouds and Precipitation in Southern Ocean Cyclones and Cloud Systems Observed Poleward of 64°S by Ship Based Cloud Radar and Lidar
International audience Mixed phase clouds (MPCs), composed of both liquid and ice, are prevalent in Southern Ocean cyclones. A characterization of these clouds on fine vertical scales is required in order to understand the microphysical processes within these clouds, and for model and satellite eval...
Published in: | Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres |
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Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
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2021
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Online Access: | https://insu.hal.science/insu-03726949 https://insu.hal.science/insu-03726949/document https://insu.hal.science/insu-03726949/file/JGR%20Atmospheres%20-%202021%20-%20Alexander%20-%20Mixed%25E2%2580%2590Phase%20Clouds%20and%20Precipitation%20in%20Southern%20Ocean%20Cyclones%20and%20Cloud%20Systems.pdf https://doi.org/10.1029/2020JD033626 |
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ftccsdartic:oai:HAL:insu-03726949v1 2023-11-05T03:36:35+01:00 Mixed Phase Clouds and Precipitation in Southern Ocean Cyclones and Cloud Systems Observed Poleward of 64°S by Ship Based Cloud Radar and Lidar Alexander, S. P. Mcfarquhar, G. M. Marchand, R. Protat, A. Vignon, É. Mace, G. G. Klekociuk, A. R. Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique (UMR 8539) (LMD) Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Département des Géosciences - ENS Paris École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL) Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL) Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL) 2021 https://insu.hal.science/insu-03726949 https://insu.hal.science/insu-03726949/document https://insu.hal.science/insu-03726949/file/JGR%20Atmospheres%20-%202021%20-%20Alexander%20-%20Mixed%25E2%2580%2590Phase%20Clouds%20and%20Precipitation%20in%20Southern%20Ocean%20Cyclones%20and%20Cloud%20Systems.pdf https://doi.org/10.1029/2020JD033626 en eng HAL CCSD American Geophysical Union info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1029/2020JD033626 insu-03726949 https://insu.hal.science/insu-03726949 https://insu.hal.science/insu-03726949/document https://insu.hal.science/insu-03726949/file/JGR%20Atmospheres%20-%202021%20-%20Alexander%20-%20Mixed%25E2%2580%2590Phase%20Clouds%20and%20Precipitation%20in%20Southern%20Ocean%20Cyclones%20and%20Cloud%20Systems.pdf BIBCODE: 2021JGRD.12633626A doi:10.1029/2020JD033626 http://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/licences/copyright/ info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess ISSN: 2169-897X EISSN: 2169-8996 Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres https://insu.hal.science/insu-03726949 Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 2021, 126, ⟨10.1029/2020JD033626⟩ lidar mixed phase clouds precipitation radar Southern Ocean [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics] info:eu-repo/semantics/article Journal articles 2021 ftccsdartic https://doi.org/10.1029/2020JD033626 2023-10-07T22:52:59Z International audience Mixed phase clouds (MPCs), composed of both liquid and ice, are prevalent in Southern Ocean cyclones. A characterization of these clouds on fine vertical scales is required in order to understand the microphysical processes within these clouds, and for model and satellite evaluations over this region. We investigated three examples of cloud systems collected by ship mounted remote sensing instruments adjacent to East Antarctica at latitudes between 64°S and 69°S. These cases allow us to examine the properties of midlevel MPCs, with cloud tops between 2 and 6 km. Midlevel MPCs contain multiple layers of supercooled liquid water (SLW) embedded within ice during the passage of cyclones. SLW layers are capped by strong temperature inversions and are observed at temperatures as low as −31°C. Convective generating cells (GCs) are present inside supercooled liquid topped midlevel MPCs. The horizontal extent, vertical extent, and maximum upward Doppler velocity of these GCs were 0.6-3.6 km, 0.7-1.0 km, and 0.5-1.0 m s −1 , respectively, and are consistent with observations from previous lower latitude studies. Ice precipitation is nearly ubiquitous, except in the thinnest clouds at the trailing end of the observed systems. Seeding of lower SLW layers from above leads to periods with either larger ice particles or greater ice precipitation rates. Periods of supercooled drizzle lasting up to 2 h were observed toward the end of two of the three cyclone systems. This supercooled drizzle turns into predominantly ice precipitation as the result of seeding by ice clouds located above the precipitating SLW layer. Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctica East Antarctica Southern Ocean Archive ouverte HAL (Hyper Article en Ligne, CCSD - Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe) Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres 126 8 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Archive ouverte HAL (Hyper Article en Ligne, CCSD - Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe) |
op_collection_id |
ftccsdartic |
language |
English |
topic |
lidar mixed phase clouds precipitation radar Southern Ocean [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics] |
spellingShingle |
lidar mixed phase clouds precipitation radar Southern Ocean [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics] Alexander, S. P. Mcfarquhar, G. M. Marchand, R. Protat, A. Vignon, É. Mace, G. G. Klekociuk, A. R. Mixed Phase Clouds and Precipitation in Southern Ocean Cyclones and Cloud Systems Observed Poleward of 64°S by Ship Based Cloud Radar and Lidar |
topic_facet |
lidar mixed phase clouds precipitation radar Southern Ocean [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics] |
description |
International audience Mixed phase clouds (MPCs), composed of both liquid and ice, are prevalent in Southern Ocean cyclones. A characterization of these clouds on fine vertical scales is required in order to understand the microphysical processes within these clouds, and for model and satellite evaluations over this region. We investigated three examples of cloud systems collected by ship mounted remote sensing instruments adjacent to East Antarctica at latitudes between 64°S and 69°S. These cases allow us to examine the properties of midlevel MPCs, with cloud tops between 2 and 6 km. Midlevel MPCs contain multiple layers of supercooled liquid water (SLW) embedded within ice during the passage of cyclones. SLW layers are capped by strong temperature inversions and are observed at temperatures as low as −31°C. Convective generating cells (GCs) are present inside supercooled liquid topped midlevel MPCs. The horizontal extent, vertical extent, and maximum upward Doppler velocity of these GCs were 0.6-3.6 km, 0.7-1.0 km, and 0.5-1.0 m s −1 , respectively, and are consistent with observations from previous lower latitude studies. Ice precipitation is nearly ubiquitous, except in the thinnest clouds at the trailing end of the observed systems. Seeding of lower SLW layers from above leads to periods with either larger ice particles or greater ice precipitation rates. Periods of supercooled drizzle lasting up to 2 h were observed toward the end of two of the three cyclone systems. This supercooled drizzle turns into predominantly ice precipitation as the result of seeding by ice clouds located above the precipitating SLW layer. |
author2 |
Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique (UMR 8539) (LMD) Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Département des Géosciences - ENS Paris École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL) Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL) Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL) |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Alexander, S. P. Mcfarquhar, G. M. Marchand, R. Protat, A. Vignon, É. Mace, G. G. Klekociuk, A. R. |
author_facet |
Alexander, S. P. Mcfarquhar, G. M. Marchand, R. Protat, A. Vignon, É. Mace, G. G. Klekociuk, A. R. |
author_sort |
Alexander, S. P. |
title |
Mixed Phase Clouds and Precipitation in Southern Ocean Cyclones and Cloud Systems Observed Poleward of 64°S by Ship Based Cloud Radar and Lidar |
title_short |
Mixed Phase Clouds and Precipitation in Southern Ocean Cyclones and Cloud Systems Observed Poleward of 64°S by Ship Based Cloud Radar and Lidar |
title_full |
Mixed Phase Clouds and Precipitation in Southern Ocean Cyclones and Cloud Systems Observed Poleward of 64°S by Ship Based Cloud Radar and Lidar |
title_fullStr |
Mixed Phase Clouds and Precipitation in Southern Ocean Cyclones and Cloud Systems Observed Poleward of 64°S by Ship Based Cloud Radar and Lidar |
title_full_unstemmed |
Mixed Phase Clouds and Precipitation in Southern Ocean Cyclones and Cloud Systems Observed Poleward of 64°S by Ship Based Cloud Radar and Lidar |
title_sort |
mixed phase clouds and precipitation in southern ocean cyclones and cloud systems observed poleward of 64°s by ship based cloud radar and lidar |
publisher |
HAL CCSD |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
https://insu.hal.science/insu-03726949 https://insu.hal.science/insu-03726949/document https://insu.hal.science/insu-03726949/file/JGR%20Atmospheres%20-%202021%20-%20Alexander%20-%20Mixed%25E2%2580%2590Phase%20Clouds%20and%20Precipitation%20in%20Southern%20Ocean%20Cyclones%20and%20Cloud%20Systems.pdf https://doi.org/10.1029/2020JD033626 |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctica East Antarctica Southern Ocean |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctica East Antarctica Southern Ocean |
op_source |
ISSN: 2169-897X EISSN: 2169-8996 Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres https://insu.hal.science/insu-03726949 Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 2021, 126, ⟨10.1029/2020JD033626⟩ |
op_relation |
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1029/2020JD033626 insu-03726949 https://insu.hal.science/insu-03726949 https://insu.hal.science/insu-03726949/document https://insu.hal.science/insu-03726949/file/JGR%20Atmospheres%20-%202021%20-%20Alexander%20-%20Mixed%25E2%2580%2590Phase%20Clouds%20and%20Precipitation%20in%20Southern%20Ocean%20Cyclones%20and%20Cloud%20Systems.pdf BIBCODE: 2021JGRD.12633626A doi:10.1029/2020JD033626 |
op_rights |
http://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/licences/copyright/ info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1029/2020JD033626 |
container_title |
Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres |
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126 |
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8 |
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1781691594870620160 |