The Weddell Gyre, Southern Ocean: Present Knowledge and Future Challenges
International audience The Weddell Gyre (WG) is one of the main oceanographic features of the Southern Ocean south of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current which plays an influential role in global ocean circulation as well as gas exchange with the atmosphere. We review the state-of-the art knowledge co...
Published in: | Reviews of Geophysics |
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Online Access: | https://insu.hal.science/insu-03668090 https://insu.hal.science/insu-03668090/document https://insu.hal.science/insu-03668090/file/Reviews%20of%20Geophysics%20-%202019%20-%20Vernet%20-%20The%20Weddell%20Gyre%20Southern%20Ocean%20Present%20Knowledge%20and%20Future%20Challenges.pdf https://doi.org/10.1029/2018RG000604 |
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ftccsdartic:oai:HAL:insu-03668090v1 2023-12-17T10:21:00+01:00 The Weddell Gyre, Southern Ocean: Present Knowledge and Future Challenges Vernet, M. Geibert, W. Hoppema, M. Brown, P. J. Haas, C. Hellmer, H. H. Jokat, W. Jullion, L. Mazloff, M. Bakker, D. C. E. Brearley, J. A. Croot, P. Hattermann, T. Hauck, J. Hillenbrand, C. -D. Hoppe, C. J. M. Huhn, O. Koch, B. P. Lechtenfeld, O. J. Meredith, M. P. Naveira Garabato, A. C. Nöthig, E. -M. Peeken, I. Rutgers van Der Loeff, M. M. Schmidtko, S. Schröder, M. Strass, V. H. Torres-Valdés, S. Verdy, A. Institut méditerranéen d'océanologie (MIO) Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) 2019 https://insu.hal.science/insu-03668090 https://insu.hal.science/insu-03668090/document https://insu.hal.science/insu-03668090/file/Reviews%20of%20Geophysics%20-%202019%20-%20Vernet%20-%20The%20Weddell%20Gyre%20Southern%20Ocean%20Present%20Knowledge%20and%20Future%20Challenges.pdf https://doi.org/10.1029/2018RG000604 en eng HAL CCSD info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1029/2018RG000604 insu-03668090 https://insu.hal.science/insu-03668090 https://insu.hal.science/insu-03668090/document https://insu.hal.science/insu-03668090/file/Reviews%20of%20Geophysics%20-%202019%20-%20Vernet%20-%20The%20Weddell%20Gyre%20Southern%20Ocean%20Present%20Knowledge%20and%20Future%20Challenges.pdf BIBCODE: 2019RvGeo.57.623V doi:10.1029/2018RG000604 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/ info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess Reviews of Geophysics https://insu.hal.science/insu-03668090 Reviews of Geophysics, 2019, 57, pp.623-708. ⟨10.1029/2018RG000604⟩ Weddell Gyre Weddell Sea Antarctica oceanography regional models long-termsampling [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics] [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences info:eu-repo/semantics/article Journal articles 2019 ftccsdartic https://doi.org/10.1029/2018RG000604 2023-11-19T00:11:39Z International audience The Weddell Gyre (WG) is one of the main oceanographic features of the Southern Ocean south of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current which plays an influential role in global ocean circulation as well as gas exchange with the atmosphere. We review the state-of-the art knowledge concerning the WG from an interdisciplinary perspective, uncovering critical aspects needed to understand this system's role in shaping the future evolution of oceanic heat and carbon uptake over the next decades. The main limitations in our knowledge are related to the conditions in this extreme and remote environment, where the polar night, very low air temperatures, and presence of sea ice year-round hamper field and remotely sensed measurements. We highlight the importance of winter and under-ice conditions in the southern WG, the role that new technology will play to overcome present-day sampling limitations, the importance of the WG connectivity to the low-latitude oceans and atmosphere, and the expected intensification of the WG circulation as the westerly winds intensify. Greater international cooperation is needed to define key sampling locations that can be visited by any research vessel in the region. Existing transects sampled since the 1980s along the Prime Meridian and along an East-West section at 62°S should be maintained with regularity to provide answers to the relevant questions. This approach will provide long-term data to determine trends and will improve representation of processes for regional, Antarctic-wide, and global modeling efforts—thereby enhancing predictions of the WG in global ocean circulation and climate. Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica polar night Sea ice Southern Ocean Weddell Sea Archive ouverte HAL (Hyper Article en Ligne, CCSD - Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe) Antarctic Southern Ocean The Antarctic Weddell Weddell Sea Reviews of Geophysics 57 3 623 708 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Archive ouverte HAL (Hyper Article en Ligne, CCSD - Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe) |
op_collection_id |
ftccsdartic |
language |
English |
topic |
Weddell Gyre Weddell Sea Antarctica oceanography regional models long-termsampling [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics] [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences |
spellingShingle |
Weddell Gyre Weddell Sea Antarctica oceanography regional models long-termsampling [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics] [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences Vernet, M. Geibert, W. Hoppema, M. Brown, P. J. Haas, C. Hellmer, H. H. Jokat, W. Jullion, L. Mazloff, M. Bakker, D. C. E. Brearley, J. A. Croot, P. Hattermann, T. Hauck, J. Hillenbrand, C. -D. Hoppe, C. J. M. Huhn, O. Koch, B. P. Lechtenfeld, O. J. Meredith, M. P. Naveira Garabato, A. C. Nöthig, E. -M. Peeken, I. Rutgers van Der Loeff, M. M. Schmidtko, S. Schröder, M. Strass, V. H. Torres-Valdés, S. Verdy, A. The Weddell Gyre, Southern Ocean: Present Knowledge and Future Challenges |
topic_facet |
Weddell Gyre Weddell Sea Antarctica oceanography regional models long-termsampling [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics] [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences |
description |
International audience The Weddell Gyre (WG) is one of the main oceanographic features of the Southern Ocean south of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current which plays an influential role in global ocean circulation as well as gas exchange with the atmosphere. We review the state-of-the art knowledge concerning the WG from an interdisciplinary perspective, uncovering critical aspects needed to understand this system's role in shaping the future evolution of oceanic heat and carbon uptake over the next decades. The main limitations in our knowledge are related to the conditions in this extreme and remote environment, where the polar night, very low air temperatures, and presence of sea ice year-round hamper field and remotely sensed measurements. We highlight the importance of winter and under-ice conditions in the southern WG, the role that new technology will play to overcome present-day sampling limitations, the importance of the WG connectivity to the low-latitude oceans and atmosphere, and the expected intensification of the WG circulation as the westerly winds intensify. Greater international cooperation is needed to define key sampling locations that can be visited by any research vessel in the region. Existing transects sampled since the 1980s along the Prime Meridian and along an East-West section at 62°S should be maintained with regularity to provide answers to the relevant questions. This approach will provide long-term data to determine trends and will improve representation of processes for regional, Antarctic-wide, and global modeling efforts—thereby enhancing predictions of the WG in global ocean circulation and climate. |
author2 |
Institut méditerranéen d'océanologie (MIO) Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Vernet, M. Geibert, W. Hoppema, M. Brown, P. J. Haas, C. Hellmer, H. H. Jokat, W. Jullion, L. Mazloff, M. Bakker, D. C. E. Brearley, J. A. Croot, P. Hattermann, T. Hauck, J. Hillenbrand, C. -D. Hoppe, C. J. M. Huhn, O. Koch, B. P. Lechtenfeld, O. J. Meredith, M. P. Naveira Garabato, A. C. Nöthig, E. -M. Peeken, I. Rutgers van Der Loeff, M. M. Schmidtko, S. Schröder, M. Strass, V. H. Torres-Valdés, S. Verdy, A. |
author_facet |
Vernet, M. Geibert, W. Hoppema, M. Brown, P. J. Haas, C. Hellmer, H. H. Jokat, W. Jullion, L. Mazloff, M. Bakker, D. C. E. Brearley, J. A. Croot, P. Hattermann, T. Hauck, J. Hillenbrand, C. -D. Hoppe, C. J. M. Huhn, O. Koch, B. P. Lechtenfeld, O. J. Meredith, M. P. Naveira Garabato, A. C. Nöthig, E. -M. Peeken, I. Rutgers van Der Loeff, M. M. Schmidtko, S. Schröder, M. Strass, V. H. Torres-Valdés, S. Verdy, A. |
author_sort |
Vernet, M. |
title |
The Weddell Gyre, Southern Ocean: Present Knowledge and Future Challenges |
title_short |
The Weddell Gyre, Southern Ocean: Present Knowledge and Future Challenges |
title_full |
The Weddell Gyre, Southern Ocean: Present Knowledge and Future Challenges |
title_fullStr |
The Weddell Gyre, Southern Ocean: Present Knowledge and Future Challenges |
title_full_unstemmed |
The Weddell Gyre, Southern Ocean: Present Knowledge and Future Challenges |
title_sort |
weddell gyre, southern ocean: present knowledge and future challenges |
publisher |
HAL CCSD |
publishDate |
2019 |
url |
https://insu.hal.science/insu-03668090 https://insu.hal.science/insu-03668090/document https://insu.hal.science/insu-03668090/file/Reviews%20of%20Geophysics%20-%202019%20-%20Vernet%20-%20The%20Weddell%20Gyre%20Southern%20Ocean%20Present%20Knowledge%20and%20Future%20Challenges.pdf https://doi.org/10.1029/2018RG000604 |
geographic |
Antarctic Southern Ocean The Antarctic Weddell Weddell Sea |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic Southern Ocean The Antarctic Weddell Weddell Sea |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica polar night Sea ice Southern Ocean Weddell Sea |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica polar night Sea ice Southern Ocean Weddell Sea |
op_source |
Reviews of Geophysics https://insu.hal.science/insu-03668090 Reviews of Geophysics, 2019, 57, pp.623-708. ⟨10.1029/2018RG000604⟩ |
op_relation |
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1029/2018RG000604 insu-03668090 https://insu.hal.science/insu-03668090 https://insu.hal.science/insu-03668090/document https://insu.hal.science/insu-03668090/file/Reviews%20of%20Geophysics%20-%202019%20-%20Vernet%20-%20The%20Weddell%20Gyre%20Southern%20Ocean%20Present%20Knowledge%20and%20Future%20Challenges.pdf BIBCODE: 2019RvGeo.57.623V doi:10.1029/2018RG000604 |
op_rights |
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/ info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1029/2018RG000604 |
container_title |
Reviews of Geophysics |
container_volume |
57 |
container_issue |
3 |
container_start_page |
623 |
op_container_end_page |
708 |
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1785528548371464192 |