Real Time Detection of Airborne Bioparticles in Antarctica

• Main Authors: Crawford, Ian A., Gallagher, Martin W., Bower, Keith N., Choularton, Thomas W., Flynn, Michael J., Ruske, Simon, Listowski, Constantino, Brough, Neil, Lachlan-Cope, Thomas, Flemming, Zoë L., Foot, Virginia E., Stanley, Warren R.
• Other Authors: Centre for Atmospheric Science Manchester (CAS), School of Earth and Environmental Sciences Manchester (SEES), University of Manchester Manchester -University of Manchester Manchester, British Antarctic Survey (BAS), Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), SPACE - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Chemistry Leicester, University of Leicester, Defence Science and Technology Laboratory (Dstl), Ministry of Defence (UK) (MOD), Science and Technology Research Institute Hatfield (STRI), University of Hertfordshire Hatfield (UH)
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: HAL CCSD 2017
• Subjects: [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-AO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics [physics.ao-ph]; Antarctic; Brunt Ice Shelf; Weddell; Weddell Sea; Antarc*; Antarctica; Ice Shelf
• Online Access: https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-01527797

International audience We demonstrate for the first time, continuous real-time observations of airborne bio-fluorescent aerosols recorded at the British Antarctic Survey's Halley VI Research Station, located on the Brunt ice shelf close to the Weddell Sea coast (Lat. 75°34'59"S, Long. 26°10'0"W) during Antarctic Summer, 2015. As part of the NERC MAC (Microphysics of Antarctic Clouds) aircraft aerosol cloud interaction project, observations with a real-time Ultraviolet Light Induced Fluorescence (UV-LIF) spectrometer were conducted to quantify airborne biological containing particle concentrations along with dust particles as a function of wind speed and direction over a three week period. Significant, intermittent enhancements of both non- and bio-fluorescent particles were observed to varying degrees in very specific wind directions and during strong wind events. Analysis of the particle UV induced emission spectra, particle sizes and shapes recorded during these events suggest the majority of particles were likely a subset of dust with weak fluorescence emission responses. A minor fraction, however, were clearly primary biological particles that were very strongly fluorescent, with a subset identified as likely being pollen based on comparison with laboratory data obtained using the same instrument. A strong correlation of biofluorescent particles with wind speed was observed in some, but not all, periods. Interestingly the fraction of fluorescent particles to total particle concentration also increased significantly with wind speed during these events. The enhancement in concentrations of these particles could be interpreted as due to re-suspension from the local ice surface but more likely due to emissions from distal sources within Antarctica as well as intercontinental transport. Likely distal sources identified by back trajectory analyses and dispersion modelling were the coastal ice margin zones in Halley Bay consisting of bird colonies with likely associated high bacterial activity together with ...