Megacrystals track magma convection between reservoir and surface
International audience Active volcanoes are typically fed by magmatic reservoirs situated within the upper crust. The development of thermal and/or compositional gradients in such magma chambers may lead to vigorous convection as inferred from theoretical models and evidence for magma mixing recorde...
Published in: | Earth and Planetary Science Letters |
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Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , |
Other Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
Published: |
HAL CCSD
2015
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Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-01124396 https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-01124396/document https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-01124396/file/Moussallam-EPSL-2015.pdf https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2014.12.022 |
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ftccsdartic:oai:HAL:insu-01124396v1 |
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Open Polar |
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Archive ouverte HAL (Hyper Article en Ligne, CCSD - Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe) |
op_collection_id |
ftccsdartic |
language |
English |
topic |
melt inclusion megacrystal anorthoclase convection bi-directional flow crystal zoning [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics] [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences [SDU.STU.VO]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Volcanology |
spellingShingle |
melt inclusion megacrystal anorthoclase convection bi-directional flow crystal zoning [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics] [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences [SDU.STU.VO]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Volcanology Moussallam, Yves Oppenheimer, Clive Scaillet, Bruno Buisman, Iris Kimball, Christine Dunbar, Nelia Burgisser, Alain Schipper, C. Ian Andújar, Joan Kyle, Philip Megacrystals track magma convection between reservoir and surface |
topic_facet |
melt inclusion megacrystal anorthoclase convection bi-directional flow crystal zoning [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics] [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences [SDU.STU.VO]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Volcanology |
description |
International audience Active volcanoes are typically fed by magmatic reservoirs situated within the upper crust. The development of thermal and/or compositional gradients in such magma chambers may lead to vigorous convection as inferred from theoretical models and evidence for magma mixing recorded in volcanic rocks. Bi-directional flow is also inferred to prevail in the conduits of numerous persistently-active volcanoes based on observed gas and thermal emissions at the surface, as well as experiments with analogue models. However, more direct evidence for such exchange flows has hitherto been lacking. Here, we analyse the remarkable oscillatory zoning of anorthoclase feldspar megacrystals erupted from the lava lake of Erebus volcano, Antarctica. A comprehensive approach, combining phase equilibria, solubility experiments and melt inclusion and textural analyses shows that the chemical profiles are best explained as a result of multiple episodes of magma transport between a deeper reservoir and the lava lake at the surface. Individual crystals have repeatedly travelled up-and-down the plumbing system, over distances of up to several kilometers, presumably as a consequence of entrainment in the bulk magma flow. Our findings thus corroborate the model of bi-directional flow in magmatic conduits. They also imply contrasting flow regimes in reservoir and conduit, with vigorousconvection in the former (regular convective cycles of ∼150 days at a speed of ∼0.5mms−1) and more complex cycles of exchange flow and re-entrainment in the latter. We estimate that typical, 1-cm-wide crystals should be at least 14 years old, and can record several (from 1to 3) complete cycles between the reservoir and the lava lake via the conduit. This persistent recycling of phonolitic magma is likely sustained by CO2fluxing, suggesting that accumulation of mafic magma in the lower crust is volumetrically more significant than that of evolved magma within the edifice. |
author2 |
Institut des Sciences de la Terre d'Orléans - UMR7327 (ISTO) Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC) Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM) Department of Geography Cambridge, UK University of Cambridge UK (CAM) Department of Earth Sciences Cambridge, UK Department of Earth and Environmental Science Socorro New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology New Mexico Tech (NMT) Institut des Sciences de la Terre (ISTerre) Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement IRD : UR219-PRES Université de Grenoble-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB Université de Savoie Université de Chambéry )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) School of Geography Victoria University Melbourne National Science Foundation (Division of Polar Programs) under grant ANT1142083 European Project: 279790,EC:FP7:ERC,ERC-2011-StG_20101014,ELECTROLITH(2011) |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Moussallam, Yves Oppenheimer, Clive Scaillet, Bruno Buisman, Iris Kimball, Christine Dunbar, Nelia Burgisser, Alain Schipper, C. Ian Andújar, Joan Kyle, Philip |
author_facet |
Moussallam, Yves Oppenheimer, Clive Scaillet, Bruno Buisman, Iris Kimball, Christine Dunbar, Nelia Burgisser, Alain Schipper, C. Ian Andújar, Joan Kyle, Philip |
author_sort |
Moussallam, Yves |
title |
Megacrystals track magma convection between reservoir and surface |
title_short |
Megacrystals track magma convection between reservoir and surface |
title_full |
Megacrystals track magma convection between reservoir and surface |
title_fullStr |
Megacrystals track magma convection between reservoir and surface |
title_full_unstemmed |
Megacrystals track magma convection between reservoir and surface |
title_sort |
megacrystals track magma convection between reservoir and surface |
publisher |
HAL CCSD |
publishDate |
2015 |
url |
https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-01124396 https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-01124396/document https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-01124396/file/Moussallam-EPSL-2015.pdf https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2014.12.022 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-128.996,-128.996,55.046,55.046) |
geographic |
Lava Lake |
geographic_facet |
Lava Lake |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctica |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctica |
op_source |
ISSN: 0012-821X Earth and Planetary Science Letters https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-01124396 Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Elsevier, 2015, 413, pp.1-12. ⟨10.1016/j.epsl.2014.12.022⟩ |
op_relation |
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1016/j.epsl.2014.12.022 info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/FP7/279790/EU/Electrical Petrology: tracking mantle melting and volatiles cycling using electrical conductivity/ELECTROLITH insu-01124396 https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-01124396 https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-01124396/document https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-01124396/file/Moussallam-EPSL-2015.pdf doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2014.12.022 |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2014.12.022 |
container_title |
Earth and Planetary Science Letters |
container_volume |
413 |
container_start_page |
1 |
op_container_end_page |
12 |
_version_ |
1766246307446390784 |
spelling |
ftccsdartic:oai:HAL:insu-01124396v1 2023-05-15T13:47:05+02:00 Megacrystals track magma convection between reservoir and surface Moussallam, Yves Oppenheimer, Clive Scaillet, Bruno Buisman, Iris Kimball, Christine Dunbar, Nelia Burgisser, Alain Schipper, C. Ian Andújar, Joan Kyle, Philip Institut des Sciences de la Terre d'Orléans - UMR7327 (ISTO) Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC) Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM) Department of Geography Cambridge, UK University of Cambridge UK (CAM) Department of Earth Sciences Cambridge, UK Department of Earth and Environmental Science Socorro New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology New Mexico Tech (NMT) Institut des Sciences de la Terre (ISTerre) Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement IRD : UR219-PRES Université de Grenoble-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB Université de Savoie Université de Chambéry )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) School of Geography Victoria University Melbourne National Science Foundation (Division of Polar Programs) under grant ANT1142083 European Project: 279790,EC:FP7:ERC,ERC-2011-StG_20101014,ELECTROLITH(2011) 2015 https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-01124396 https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-01124396/document https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-01124396/file/Moussallam-EPSL-2015.pdf https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2014.12.022 en eng HAL CCSD Elsevier info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1016/j.epsl.2014.12.022 info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/FP7/279790/EU/Electrical Petrology: tracking mantle melting and volatiles cycling using electrical conductivity/ELECTROLITH insu-01124396 https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-01124396 https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-01124396/document https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-01124396/file/Moussallam-EPSL-2015.pdf doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2014.12.022 info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess ISSN: 0012-821X Earth and Planetary Science Letters https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-01124396 Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Elsevier, 2015, 413, pp.1-12. ⟨10.1016/j.epsl.2014.12.022⟩ melt inclusion megacrystal anorthoclase convection bi-directional flow crystal zoning [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics] [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences [SDU.STU.VO]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Volcanology info:eu-repo/semantics/article Journal articles 2015 ftccsdartic https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2014.12.022 2021-11-21T03:13:17Z International audience Active volcanoes are typically fed by magmatic reservoirs situated within the upper crust. The development of thermal and/or compositional gradients in such magma chambers may lead to vigorous convection as inferred from theoretical models and evidence for magma mixing recorded in volcanic rocks. Bi-directional flow is also inferred to prevail in the conduits of numerous persistently-active volcanoes based on observed gas and thermal emissions at the surface, as well as experiments with analogue models. However, more direct evidence for such exchange flows has hitherto been lacking. Here, we analyse the remarkable oscillatory zoning of anorthoclase feldspar megacrystals erupted from the lava lake of Erebus volcano, Antarctica. A comprehensive approach, combining phase equilibria, solubility experiments and melt inclusion and textural analyses shows that the chemical profiles are best explained as a result of multiple episodes of magma transport between a deeper reservoir and the lava lake at the surface. Individual crystals have repeatedly travelled up-and-down the plumbing system, over distances of up to several kilometers, presumably as a consequence of entrainment in the bulk magma flow. Our findings thus corroborate the model of bi-directional flow in magmatic conduits. They also imply contrasting flow regimes in reservoir and conduit, with vigorousconvection in the former (regular convective cycles of ∼150 days at a speed of ∼0.5mms−1) and more complex cycles of exchange flow and re-entrainment in the latter. We estimate that typical, 1-cm-wide crystals should be at least 14 years old, and can record several (from 1to 3) complete cycles between the reservoir and the lava lake via the conduit. This persistent recycling of phonolitic magma is likely sustained by CO2fluxing, suggesting that accumulation of mafic magma in the lower crust is volumetrically more significant than that of evolved magma within the edifice. Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctica Archive ouverte HAL (Hyper Article en Ligne, CCSD - Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe) Lava Lake ENVELOPE(-128.996,-128.996,55.046,55.046) Earth and Planetary Science Letters 413 1 12 |