Experimental Phase-equilibrium Constraints on the Phonolite Magmatic System of Erebus Volcano, Antarctica
International audience Field observations and petrological studies have recently advanced understanding of the magmatic system of Erebus volcano, renowned for its sustained CO2-rich degassing, and long-lived phonolitic lava lake. However, this body of work has highlighted uncertainty in several key...
Published in: | Journal of Petrology |
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Main Authors: | , , , |
Other Authors: | , , , , , , , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
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HAL CCSD
2013
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Online Access: | https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-00813668 https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-00813668/document https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-00813668/file/JPet-Moussallam.pdf https://doi.org/10.1093/petrology/egt012 |
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Archive ouverte HAL (Hyper Article en Ligne, CCSD - Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe) |
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English |
topic |
phonolite Erebus degassing CO2 phase equilibrium lava lake [SDU.STU.VO]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Volcanology [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes |
spellingShingle |
phonolite Erebus degassing CO2 phase equilibrium lava lake [SDU.STU.VO]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Volcanology [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes Moussallam, Yves Oppenheimer, Clive Scaillet, Bruno Kyle, Philip R. Experimental Phase-equilibrium Constraints on the Phonolite Magmatic System of Erebus Volcano, Antarctica |
topic_facet |
phonolite Erebus degassing CO2 phase equilibrium lava lake [SDU.STU.VO]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Volcanology [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes |
description |
International audience Field observations and petrological studies have recently advanced understanding of the magmatic system of Erebus volcano, renowned for its sustained CO2-rich degassing, and long-lived phonolitic lava lake. However, this body of work has highlighted uncertainty in several key parameters, including the magma temperature, redox state and the depth of the reservoir presumed to maintain the lava lake. Here, we use experimentally determined phase equilibria to constrain these unknowns. The experiments ranged in temperature from 900 to 1025°C, in pressure from atmospheric to 300 MPa, in water content from 0 to 8 wt %, and in oxygen fugacity from NNO + 4 (where NNO is nickel-nickel oxide) to QFM - 2 (where QFM is quartz-fayalite-magnetite). The natural system was experimentally reproduced at 950 ± 25°C, a pressure below 200 MPa, redox conditions between QFM and QFM - 1, and remarkably low water contents of less than 0*5 wt %. These findings help in understanding petrological observations, including melt inclusion data, as well as the measured composition of gas emissions from the lava lake. Biotite and amphibole appear in the crystallization sequence at around 925°C, even under very dry conditions (biotite). Both biotite and amphibole are absent in the phonolites erupted over the last 20 kyr at Erebus. The constant abundance of anorthoclase observed in the erupted lavas and bombs indicates that the shallow magmatic system feeding the Erebus lava lake (below pressures of 200 MPa) has been thermally buffered at 950 ± 25°C over this time period, possibly reflecting steady-state connection with the deep feeding system rooted in the mantle. Combined with recent seismological data, our results suggest that if a large phonolitic reservoir exists, then it should lie in the depth range 4-7*5 km. The tight constraints on temperature and redox conditions will be valuable for future thermodynamical and rheological modelling. |
author2 |
Department of Geography Cambridge, UK University of Cambridge UK (CAM) Institut des Sciences de la Terre d'Orléans - UMR7327 (ISTO) Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC) Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM) New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology New Mexico Tech (NMT) |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Moussallam, Yves Oppenheimer, Clive Scaillet, Bruno Kyle, Philip R. |
author_facet |
Moussallam, Yves Oppenheimer, Clive Scaillet, Bruno Kyle, Philip R. |
author_sort |
Moussallam, Yves |
title |
Experimental Phase-equilibrium Constraints on the Phonolite Magmatic System of Erebus Volcano, Antarctica |
title_short |
Experimental Phase-equilibrium Constraints on the Phonolite Magmatic System of Erebus Volcano, Antarctica |
title_full |
Experimental Phase-equilibrium Constraints on the Phonolite Magmatic System of Erebus Volcano, Antarctica |
title_fullStr |
Experimental Phase-equilibrium Constraints on the Phonolite Magmatic System of Erebus Volcano, Antarctica |
title_full_unstemmed |
Experimental Phase-equilibrium Constraints on the Phonolite Magmatic System of Erebus Volcano, Antarctica |
title_sort |
experimental phase-equilibrium constraints on the phonolite magmatic system of erebus volcano, antarctica |
publisher |
HAL CCSD |
publishDate |
2013 |
url |
https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-00813668 https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-00813668/document https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-00813668/file/JPet-Moussallam.pdf https://doi.org/10.1093/petrology/egt012 |
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ENVELOPE(-128.996,-128.996,55.046,55.046) |
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Lava Lake |
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Lava Lake |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctica |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctica |
op_source |
ISSN: 0022-3530 EISSN: 1460-2415 Journal of Petrology https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-00813668 Journal of Petrology, Oxford University Press (OUP), 2013, 54 (7), pp.1285-1307. ⟨10.1093/petrology/egt012⟩ |
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info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1093/petrology/egt012 insu-00813668 https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-00813668 https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-00813668/document https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-00813668/file/JPet-Moussallam.pdf doi:10.1093/petrology/egt012 |
op_rights |
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/ info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY-NC-ND |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1093/petrology/egt012 |
container_title |
Journal of Petrology |
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54 |
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7 |
container_start_page |
1285 |
op_container_end_page |
1307 |
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ftccsdartic:oai:HAL:insu-00813668v1 2023-05-15T13:51:54+02:00 Experimental Phase-equilibrium Constraints on the Phonolite Magmatic System of Erebus Volcano, Antarctica Moussallam, Yves Oppenheimer, Clive Scaillet, Bruno Kyle, Philip R. Department of Geography Cambridge, UK University of Cambridge UK (CAM) Institut des Sciences de la Terre d'Orléans - UMR7327 (ISTO) Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC) Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM) New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology New Mexico Tech (NMT) 2013 https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-00813668 https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-00813668/document https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-00813668/file/JPet-Moussallam.pdf https://doi.org/10.1093/petrology/egt012 en eng HAL CCSD Oxford University Press (OUP) info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1093/petrology/egt012 insu-00813668 https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-00813668 https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-00813668/document https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-00813668/file/JPet-Moussallam.pdf doi:10.1093/petrology/egt012 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/ info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess CC-BY-NC-ND ISSN: 0022-3530 EISSN: 1460-2415 Journal of Petrology https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-00813668 Journal of Petrology, Oxford University Press (OUP), 2013, 54 (7), pp.1285-1307. ⟨10.1093/petrology/egt012⟩ phonolite Erebus degassing CO2 phase equilibrium lava lake [SDU.STU.VO]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Volcanology [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes info:eu-repo/semantics/article Journal articles 2013 ftccsdartic https://doi.org/10.1093/petrology/egt012 2021-11-21T03:49:27Z International audience Field observations and petrological studies have recently advanced understanding of the magmatic system of Erebus volcano, renowned for its sustained CO2-rich degassing, and long-lived phonolitic lava lake. However, this body of work has highlighted uncertainty in several key parameters, including the magma temperature, redox state and the depth of the reservoir presumed to maintain the lava lake. Here, we use experimentally determined phase equilibria to constrain these unknowns. The experiments ranged in temperature from 900 to 1025°C, in pressure from atmospheric to 300 MPa, in water content from 0 to 8 wt %, and in oxygen fugacity from NNO + 4 (where NNO is nickel-nickel oxide) to QFM - 2 (where QFM is quartz-fayalite-magnetite). The natural system was experimentally reproduced at 950 ± 25°C, a pressure below 200 MPa, redox conditions between QFM and QFM - 1, and remarkably low water contents of less than 0*5 wt %. These findings help in understanding petrological observations, including melt inclusion data, as well as the measured composition of gas emissions from the lava lake. Biotite and amphibole appear in the crystallization sequence at around 925°C, even under very dry conditions (biotite). Both biotite and amphibole are absent in the phonolites erupted over the last 20 kyr at Erebus. The constant abundance of anorthoclase observed in the erupted lavas and bombs indicates that the shallow magmatic system feeding the Erebus lava lake (below pressures of 200 MPa) has been thermally buffered at 950 ± 25°C over this time period, possibly reflecting steady-state connection with the deep feeding system rooted in the mantle. Combined with recent seismological data, our results suggest that if a large phonolitic reservoir exists, then it should lie in the depth range 4-7*5 km. The tight constraints on temperature and redox conditions will be valuable for future thermodynamical and rheological modelling. Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctica Archive ouverte HAL (Hyper Article en Ligne, CCSD - Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe) Lava Lake ENVELOPE(-128.996,-128.996,55.046,55.046) Journal of Petrology 54 7 1285 1307 |