Numerical simulations of convection in crystal-bearing magmas: a case study of the magmatic system at Erebus, Antarctica
International audience The sustained heat and gas output from Erebus volcano reflects a regime of magma convection that we investigate here using a bi-phase (melt and crystals), fluid dynamical model. Following validity and verification tests of the model, we carried out four single-phase and three...
Published in: | Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth |
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ftccsdartic:oai:HAL:insu-00712931v1 2023-05-15T13:54:40+02:00 Numerical simulations of convection in crystal-bearing magmas: a case study of the magmatic system at Erebus, Antarctica Molina, Indira Burgisser, Alain Oppenheimer, Clive Institut des Sciences de la Terre d'Orléans - UMR7327 (ISTO) Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC) Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM) University of Cambridge UK (CAM) ANT-0538414, ANT-0838817 awarded by the Office of Polar Programs (National Science Foundation) 2012 https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-00712931 https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-00712931/document https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-00712931/file/Molina2012.pdf https://doi.org/10.1029/2011JB008760 en eng HAL CCSD American Geophysical Union info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1029/2011JB008760 insu-00712931 https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-00712931 https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-00712931/document https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-00712931/file/Molina2012.pdf doi:10.1029/2011JB008760 info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess ISSN: 2169-9313 EISSN: 2169-9356 Journal of Geophysical Research : Solid Earth https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-00712931 Journal of Geophysical Research : Solid Earth, American Geophysical Union, 2012, 117, pp.B07209. ⟨10.1029/2011JB008760⟩ [SDU.STU.VO]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Volcanology [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes info:eu-repo/semantics/article Journal articles 2012 ftccsdartic https://doi.org/10.1029/2011JB008760 2021-11-21T04:05:43Z International audience The sustained heat and gas output from Erebus volcano reflects a regime of magma convection that we investigate here using a bi-phase (melt and crystals), fluid dynamical model. Following validity and verification tests of the model, we carried out four single-phase and three bi-phase numerical 30-year- simulations, in an idealized 2D geometry representing a lava lake cooled from above and a reservoir heated from below that are linked by a 4-to-10-m-diameter conduit. We tested the effects of crystals on convection while changing conduit size and the system boundaries from closed to open. Neglecting crystal settling yields only a limited number of features, i.e., (i) the formation of a central instability, (ii) the average temperature evolution, and (iii) the average velocity range of the surface flow motion. Biphase simulations show that while crystals are quite efficiently transported by the liquid phase a small decoupling reflecting their large size (5 cm) results in settling. This leads to more complex circulation patterns and enhances the vigor of fluid motion. A sufficiently large conduit sustains convection and retains 6 and 20% of crystals in suspension, for a closed and open system, respectively. Model outputs do not yet correspond well with field observations of Erebus lava lake (e.g., real surface velocities are much faster than those modeled), suggesting that exsolved volatiles are an important source of buoyancy. Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctica Archive ouverte HAL (Hyper Article en Ligne, CCSD - Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe) Lava Lake ENVELOPE(-128.996,-128.996,55.046,55.046) Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth 117 B7 n/a n/a |
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Open Polar |
collection |
Archive ouverte HAL (Hyper Article en Ligne, CCSD - Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe) |
op_collection_id |
ftccsdartic |
language |
English |
topic |
[SDU.STU.VO]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Volcanology [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes |
spellingShingle |
[SDU.STU.VO]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Volcanology [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes Molina, Indira Burgisser, Alain Oppenheimer, Clive Numerical simulations of convection in crystal-bearing magmas: a case study of the magmatic system at Erebus, Antarctica |
topic_facet |
[SDU.STU.VO]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Volcanology [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes |
description |
International audience The sustained heat and gas output from Erebus volcano reflects a regime of magma convection that we investigate here using a bi-phase (melt and crystals), fluid dynamical model. Following validity and verification tests of the model, we carried out four single-phase and three bi-phase numerical 30-year- simulations, in an idealized 2D geometry representing a lava lake cooled from above and a reservoir heated from below that are linked by a 4-to-10-m-diameter conduit. We tested the effects of crystals on convection while changing conduit size and the system boundaries from closed to open. Neglecting crystal settling yields only a limited number of features, i.e., (i) the formation of a central instability, (ii) the average temperature evolution, and (iii) the average velocity range of the surface flow motion. Biphase simulations show that while crystals are quite efficiently transported by the liquid phase a small decoupling reflecting their large size (5 cm) results in settling. This leads to more complex circulation patterns and enhances the vigor of fluid motion. A sufficiently large conduit sustains convection and retains 6 and 20% of crystals in suspension, for a closed and open system, respectively. Model outputs do not yet correspond well with field observations of Erebus lava lake (e.g., real surface velocities are much faster than those modeled), suggesting that exsolved volatiles are an important source of buoyancy. |
author2 |
Institut des Sciences de la Terre d'Orléans - UMR7327 (ISTO) Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC) Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM) University of Cambridge UK (CAM) ANT-0538414, ANT-0838817 awarded by the Office of Polar Programs (National Science Foundation) |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Molina, Indira Burgisser, Alain Oppenheimer, Clive |
author_facet |
Molina, Indira Burgisser, Alain Oppenheimer, Clive |
author_sort |
Molina, Indira |
title |
Numerical simulations of convection in crystal-bearing magmas: a case study of the magmatic system at Erebus, Antarctica |
title_short |
Numerical simulations of convection in crystal-bearing magmas: a case study of the magmatic system at Erebus, Antarctica |
title_full |
Numerical simulations of convection in crystal-bearing magmas: a case study of the magmatic system at Erebus, Antarctica |
title_fullStr |
Numerical simulations of convection in crystal-bearing magmas: a case study of the magmatic system at Erebus, Antarctica |
title_full_unstemmed |
Numerical simulations of convection in crystal-bearing magmas: a case study of the magmatic system at Erebus, Antarctica |
title_sort |
numerical simulations of convection in crystal-bearing magmas: a case study of the magmatic system at erebus, antarctica |
publisher |
HAL CCSD |
publishDate |
2012 |
url |
https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-00712931 https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-00712931/document https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-00712931/file/Molina2012.pdf https://doi.org/10.1029/2011JB008760 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-128.996,-128.996,55.046,55.046) |
geographic |
Lava Lake |
geographic_facet |
Lava Lake |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctica |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctica |
op_source |
ISSN: 2169-9313 EISSN: 2169-9356 Journal of Geophysical Research : Solid Earth https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-00712931 Journal of Geophysical Research : Solid Earth, American Geophysical Union, 2012, 117, pp.B07209. ⟨10.1029/2011JB008760⟩ |
op_relation |
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1029/2011JB008760 insu-00712931 https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-00712931 https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-00712931/document https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-00712931/file/Molina2012.pdf doi:10.1029/2011JB008760 |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1029/2011JB008760 |
container_title |
Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth |
container_volume |
117 |
container_issue |
B7 |
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