A meandering polar jet caused the development of a Saharan cyclone and the transport of dust toward Greenland
International audience In this study, we identify a new mechanism by which dust aerosols travel over long distances across the eastern side of the North Atlantic Ocean toward the Arctic. The meandering polar jet was at the origin of both dust emission through cyclogenesis over Northwest Africa and p...
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Online Access: | https://hal.science/hal-04255658 https://hal.science/hal-04255658/document https://hal.science/hal-04255658/file/francis_etal_asr2019.pdf https://doi.org/10.5194/asr-16-49-2019 |
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ftccsdartic:oai:HAL:hal-04255658v1 2023-12-24T10:13:53+01:00 A meandering polar jet caused the development of a Saharan cyclone and the transport of dust toward Greenland Francis, Diana Eayrs, Clare Chaboureau, Jean-Pierre Mote, Thomas Holland, David, M New York University Abu Dhabi NYU System (NYU) Laboratoire d'aérologie (LAERO) Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3) Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP) Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3) Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) University of Georgia USA Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences New York (CIMS) New York University New York (NYU) NYU System (NYU)-NYU System (NYU) 2019 https://hal.science/hal-04255658 https://hal.science/hal-04255658/document https://hal.science/hal-04255658/file/francis_etal_asr2019.pdf https://doi.org/10.5194/asr-16-49-2019 en eng HAL CCSD Copernicus Publications info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.5194/asr-16-49-2019 hal-04255658 https://hal.science/hal-04255658 https://hal.science/hal-04255658/document https://hal.science/hal-04255658/file/francis_etal_asr2019.pdf doi:10.5194/asr-16-49-2019 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/ info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess ISSN: 1992-0628 EISSN: 1992-0636 Advances in Science and Research https://hal.science/hal-04255658 Advances in Science and Research, 2019, 16, pp.49-56. ⟨10.5194/asr-16-49-2019⟩ Arctic North Africa Dust storm Cut-off low Ice melt Polar jet [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics] [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean Atmosphere info:eu-repo/semantics/article Journal articles 2019 ftccsdartic https://doi.org/10.5194/asr-16-49-2019 2023-11-25T23:42:11Z International audience In this study, we identify a new mechanism by which dust aerosols travel over long distances across the eastern side of the North Atlantic Ocean toward the Arctic. The meandering polar jet was at the origin of both dust emission through cyclogenesis over Northwest Africa and poleward transport of the uplifted dust towards the Arctic, through cut-off circulation. The dust emission was associated with an intense Saharan cyclone that formed over Northwest Africa in early April 2011. The formation of the cyclone was caused by the intrusion into subtropics, of a high-latitude-upper-level trough, linked to the meandering polar jet. The trough initiated cyclogenesis over Northwest Africa after orographic blocking by the Anti-Atlas Mountains. The still meandering polar jet led to the formation of a cut-off low further south with which the Saharan dust-cyclone merged 2 d later and moved northward with the main stream. Beside satellite observations, a simulation at high resolution was performed using the prognostic-dust permitting model MesoNH. The total dust load carried during this event to areas located north of 40∘ N was estimated by the model to be 38 Tg and dust deposition was estimated to be 1.3 Tg. The Saharan dust reaching Greenland was accompanied by warm and moist air masses that caused a rise in surface temperature of about 10 ∘C for more than 3 consecutive days over the southeastern Greenland. Ice melt over this area of Greenland was detected in the brightness temperature observations. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Greenland North Atlantic Archive ouverte HAL (Hyper Article en Ligne, CCSD - Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe) Arctic Greenland Advances in Science and Research 16 49 56 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Archive ouverte HAL (Hyper Article en Ligne, CCSD - Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe) |
op_collection_id |
ftccsdartic |
language |
English |
topic |
Arctic North Africa Dust storm Cut-off low Ice melt Polar jet [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics] [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean Atmosphere |
spellingShingle |
Arctic North Africa Dust storm Cut-off low Ice melt Polar jet [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics] [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean Atmosphere Francis, Diana Eayrs, Clare Chaboureau, Jean-Pierre Mote, Thomas Holland, David, M A meandering polar jet caused the development of a Saharan cyclone and the transport of dust toward Greenland |
topic_facet |
Arctic North Africa Dust storm Cut-off low Ice melt Polar jet [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics] [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean Atmosphere |
description |
International audience In this study, we identify a new mechanism by which dust aerosols travel over long distances across the eastern side of the North Atlantic Ocean toward the Arctic. The meandering polar jet was at the origin of both dust emission through cyclogenesis over Northwest Africa and poleward transport of the uplifted dust towards the Arctic, through cut-off circulation. The dust emission was associated with an intense Saharan cyclone that formed over Northwest Africa in early April 2011. The formation of the cyclone was caused by the intrusion into subtropics, of a high-latitude-upper-level trough, linked to the meandering polar jet. The trough initiated cyclogenesis over Northwest Africa after orographic blocking by the Anti-Atlas Mountains. The still meandering polar jet led to the formation of a cut-off low further south with which the Saharan dust-cyclone merged 2 d later and moved northward with the main stream. Beside satellite observations, a simulation at high resolution was performed using the prognostic-dust permitting model MesoNH. The total dust load carried during this event to areas located north of 40∘ N was estimated by the model to be 38 Tg and dust deposition was estimated to be 1.3 Tg. The Saharan dust reaching Greenland was accompanied by warm and moist air masses that caused a rise in surface temperature of about 10 ∘C for more than 3 consecutive days over the southeastern Greenland. Ice melt over this area of Greenland was detected in the brightness temperature observations. |
author2 |
New York University Abu Dhabi NYU System (NYU) Laboratoire d'aérologie (LAERO) Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3) Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP) Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3) Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) University of Georgia USA Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences New York (CIMS) New York University New York (NYU) NYU System (NYU)-NYU System (NYU) |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Francis, Diana Eayrs, Clare Chaboureau, Jean-Pierre Mote, Thomas Holland, David, M |
author_facet |
Francis, Diana Eayrs, Clare Chaboureau, Jean-Pierre Mote, Thomas Holland, David, M |
author_sort |
Francis, Diana |
title |
A meandering polar jet caused the development of a Saharan cyclone and the transport of dust toward Greenland |
title_short |
A meandering polar jet caused the development of a Saharan cyclone and the transport of dust toward Greenland |
title_full |
A meandering polar jet caused the development of a Saharan cyclone and the transport of dust toward Greenland |
title_fullStr |
A meandering polar jet caused the development of a Saharan cyclone and the transport of dust toward Greenland |
title_full_unstemmed |
A meandering polar jet caused the development of a Saharan cyclone and the transport of dust toward Greenland |
title_sort |
meandering polar jet caused the development of a saharan cyclone and the transport of dust toward greenland |
publisher |
HAL CCSD |
publishDate |
2019 |
url |
https://hal.science/hal-04255658 https://hal.science/hal-04255658/document https://hal.science/hal-04255658/file/francis_etal_asr2019.pdf https://doi.org/10.5194/asr-16-49-2019 |
geographic |
Arctic Greenland |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Greenland |
genre |
Arctic Greenland North Atlantic |
genre_facet |
Arctic Greenland North Atlantic |
op_source |
ISSN: 1992-0628 EISSN: 1992-0636 Advances in Science and Research https://hal.science/hal-04255658 Advances in Science and Research, 2019, 16, pp.49-56. ⟨10.5194/asr-16-49-2019⟩ |
op_relation |
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.5194/asr-16-49-2019 hal-04255658 https://hal.science/hal-04255658 https://hal.science/hal-04255658/document https://hal.science/hal-04255658/file/francis_etal_asr2019.pdf doi:10.5194/asr-16-49-2019 |
op_rights |
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/ info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/asr-16-49-2019 |
container_title |
Advances in Science and Research |
container_volume |
16 |
container_start_page |
49 |
op_container_end_page |
56 |
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1786186944748716032 |