Competition for food reduces disease susceptibility in a marine invertebrate
Competition between organisms interfere in host and pathogen dynamics in ways that are difficult to predict. By one side, competitors can reduce the food supply and cause nutritional stress. Such stress could further modulate the susceptibility to infection by altering immune response or metabolic r...
Published in: | Ecosphere |
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Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
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2021
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Online Access: | https://hal.science/hal-04203448 https://hal.science/hal-04203448/document https://hal.science/hal-04203448/file/Ecosphere%20-%202021%20-%20Pernet.pdf https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.3435 |
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ftccsdartic:oai:HAL:hal-04203448v1 2024-02-27T08:39:54+00:00 Competition for food reduces disease susceptibility in a marine invertebrate Pernet, Fabrice Lugue, Klervi Petton, Bruno Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR) (LEMAR) Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM) Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) European Project: 678589,H2020,H2020-SFS-2015-2,VIVALDI(2016) 2021-04 https://hal.science/hal-04203448 https://hal.science/hal-04203448/document https://hal.science/hal-04203448/file/Ecosphere%20-%202021%20-%20Pernet.pdf https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.3435 en eng HAL CCSD Ecological Society of America info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1002/ecs2.3435 info:eu-repo/grantAgreement//678589/EU/Preventing and mitigating farmed bivalve diseases/VIVALDI hal-04203448 https://hal.science/hal-04203448 https://hal.science/hal-04203448/document https://hal.science/hal-04203448/file/Ecosphere%20-%202021%20-%20Pernet.pdf doi:10.1002/ecs2.3435 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/ info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess ISSN: 2150-8925 Ecosphere https://hal.science/hal-04203448 Ecosphere, 2021, 12 (4), e03435 (15p.). ⟨10.1002/ecs2.3435⟩ [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] info:eu-repo/semantics/article Journal articles 2021 ftccsdartic https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.3435 2024-01-28T00:33:35Z Competition between organisms interfere in host and pathogen dynamics in ways that are difficult to predict. By one side, competitors can reduce the food supply and cause nutritional stress. Such stress could further modulate the susceptibility to infection by altering immune response or metabolic rate of the host. Alternatively, competitors may trap pathogens before they reach the focal host, and therefore reduce, enhance, or have no effect on infection according to the competitor's susceptibility to the infection. To better understand how competition influences host and pathogen interactions, we experimentally assessed the relative importance of competition for pathogens and resources on the severity of a viral disease infecting the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas. We designed an open‐flow system where food enriched seawater flowed to filter‐feeding competitors (or empty controls) before being delivered to recipient oysters. We tested a range of competing species that exhibit both low (ascidians, European oysters, mussels) and high (Pacific oysters) susceptibility to the virus. We assessed the physiological condition of the recipient oysters during acclimation, we added virus‐contaminated seawater upstream of the distribution system, and we monitored host and pathogen dynamics. We found that the presence of competitors, regardless of susceptibility to the virus, indirectly reduced the infection rate of hosts by decreasing their food ingestion and growth rates. Although competitors can reduce viral particles from the seawater, this had no effect on the host population. Our data suggest that the effect of competition for food overwhelmed that of competition for pathogens, thus emphasizing the importance of considering resource availability in host and pathogen dynamics. More particularly, resource availability can have positive effects at the individual level, fostering physiological condition and growth, but negative effects at the population level, increasing magnitude of epidemics. Article in Journal/Newspaper Crassostrea gigas Pacific oyster Archive ouverte HAL (Hyper Article en Ligne, CCSD - Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe) Pacific Ecosphere 12 4 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Archive ouverte HAL (Hyper Article en Ligne, CCSD - Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe) |
op_collection_id |
ftccsdartic |
language |
English |
topic |
[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] |
spellingShingle |
[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] Pernet, Fabrice Lugue, Klervi Petton, Bruno Competition for food reduces disease susceptibility in a marine invertebrate |
topic_facet |
[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] |
description |
Competition between organisms interfere in host and pathogen dynamics in ways that are difficult to predict. By one side, competitors can reduce the food supply and cause nutritional stress. Such stress could further modulate the susceptibility to infection by altering immune response or metabolic rate of the host. Alternatively, competitors may trap pathogens before they reach the focal host, and therefore reduce, enhance, or have no effect on infection according to the competitor's susceptibility to the infection. To better understand how competition influences host and pathogen interactions, we experimentally assessed the relative importance of competition for pathogens and resources on the severity of a viral disease infecting the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas. We designed an open‐flow system where food enriched seawater flowed to filter‐feeding competitors (or empty controls) before being delivered to recipient oysters. We tested a range of competing species that exhibit both low (ascidians, European oysters, mussels) and high (Pacific oysters) susceptibility to the virus. We assessed the physiological condition of the recipient oysters during acclimation, we added virus‐contaminated seawater upstream of the distribution system, and we monitored host and pathogen dynamics. We found that the presence of competitors, regardless of susceptibility to the virus, indirectly reduced the infection rate of hosts by decreasing their food ingestion and growth rates. Although competitors can reduce viral particles from the seawater, this had no effect on the host population. Our data suggest that the effect of competition for food overwhelmed that of competition for pathogens, thus emphasizing the importance of considering resource availability in host and pathogen dynamics. More particularly, resource availability can have positive effects at the individual level, fostering physiological condition and growth, but negative effects at the population level, increasing magnitude of epidemics. |
author2 |
Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR) (LEMAR) Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM) Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) European Project: 678589,H2020,H2020-SFS-2015-2,VIVALDI(2016) |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Pernet, Fabrice Lugue, Klervi Petton, Bruno |
author_facet |
Pernet, Fabrice Lugue, Klervi Petton, Bruno |
author_sort |
Pernet, Fabrice |
title |
Competition for food reduces disease susceptibility in a marine invertebrate |
title_short |
Competition for food reduces disease susceptibility in a marine invertebrate |
title_full |
Competition for food reduces disease susceptibility in a marine invertebrate |
title_fullStr |
Competition for food reduces disease susceptibility in a marine invertebrate |
title_full_unstemmed |
Competition for food reduces disease susceptibility in a marine invertebrate |
title_sort |
competition for food reduces disease susceptibility in a marine invertebrate |
publisher |
HAL CCSD |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
https://hal.science/hal-04203448 https://hal.science/hal-04203448/document https://hal.science/hal-04203448/file/Ecosphere%20-%202021%20-%20Pernet.pdf https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.3435 |
geographic |
Pacific |
geographic_facet |
Pacific |
genre |
Crassostrea gigas Pacific oyster |
genre_facet |
Crassostrea gigas Pacific oyster |
op_source |
ISSN: 2150-8925 Ecosphere https://hal.science/hal-04203448 Ecosphere, 2021, 12 (4), e03435 (15p.). ⟨10.1002/ecs2.3435⟩ |
op_relation |
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1002/ecs2.3435 info:eu-repo/grantAgreement//678589/EU/Preventing and mitigating farmed bivalve diseases/VIVALDI hal-04203448 https://hal.science/hal-04203448 https://hal.science/hal-04203448/document https://hal.science/hal-04203448/file/Ecosphere%20-%202021%20-%20Pernet.pdf doi:10.1002/ecs2.3435 |
op_rights |
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/ info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.3435 |
container_title |
Ecosphere |
container_volume |
12 |
container_issue |
4 |
_version_ |
1792046987406737408 |