Seafloor and Ocean Crust Structure of the Kerguelen Plateau from Marine Geophysical and Satellite Altimetry Datasets

• Published in: Geomatics
• Main Author: Lemenkova, Polina
• Other Authors: Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB)
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: HAL CCSD 2023
• Subjects: Earth science; Antarctic; Southern Ocean; bathymetry; French Southern and Antarctic Lands; cartography; satellite altimetry; marine geophysics; sediments; magnetic anomalies; seafloor; computer science; data visualization; programming; Script; Data visualisation; Data Analysis; [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-GEO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph]; [INFO]Computer Science [cs]; [SDU.STU.OC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Oceanography; [SDU.STU.TE]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Tectonics; [INFO.INFO-DS]Computer Science [cs]/Data Structures and Algorithms [cs.DS]; [INFO.INFO-GR]Computer Science [cs]/Graphics [cs.GR]; [SDE]Environmental Sciences; [SDE.IE]Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering; [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]; [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences; [SDU.STU.AG]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Applied geology; [SDU.STU.GM]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geomorphology; Kerguelen; Kerguelen Islands; Indian; Broken Ridge; Antarc*; Antarctica; Crozet Islands
• Online Access: https://hal.science/hal-04180010; https://hal.science/hal-04180010/document; https://hal.science/hal-04180010/file/geomatics-03-00022.pdf; https://doi.org/10.3390/geomatics3030022

International audience The volcanic Kerguelen Islands are formed on one of the world's largest submarine plateaus. Located in the remote segment of the southern Indian Ocean close to Antarctica, the Kerguelen Plateau is notable for a complex tectonic origin and geologic formation related to the Cretaceous history of the continents. This is reflected in the varying age of the oceanic crust adjacent to the plateau and the highly heterogeneous bathymetry of the Kerguelen Plateau, with seafloor structure differing for the southern and northern segments. Remote sensing data derived from marine gravity and satellite radar altimetry surveys serve as an important source of information for mapping complex seafloor features. This study incorporates geospatial information from NOAA, EMAG2, WDMAM, ETOPO1, and EGM96 datasets to refine the extent and distribution of the extracted seafloor features. The cartographic joint analysis of topography, magnetic anomalies, tectonic and gravity grids is based on the integrated mapping performed using the Generic Mapping Tools (GMT) programming suite. Mapping of the submerged features (Broken Ridge, Crozet Islands, seafloor fabric, orientation, and frequency of magnetic anomalies) enables analysis of their correspondence with free-air gravity and magnetic anomalies, geodynamic setting, and seabed structure in the southwest Indian Ocean. The results show that integrating the datasets using advanced cartographic scripting language improves identification and visualization of the seabed objects. The results include 11 new maps of the region covering the Kerguelen Plateau and southwest Indian Ocean. This study contributes to increasing the knowledge of the seafloor structure in the French Southern and Antarctic Lands.