Production regime and associated N cycling in the vicinity of Kerguelen Island, Southern Ocean
International audience Although the Southern Ocean is considered a high-nutrient, low-chlorophyll (HNLC) area, massive and recurrent blooms are observed over and downstream of the Kerguelen Plateau. This mosaic of blooms is triggered by a higher iron supply resulting from the interaction between the...
Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Other Authors: | , , , , , , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
Published: |
HAL CCSD
2015
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Online Access: | https://hal.science/hal-04115499 https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-6515-201510.5194/bgd-11-18073-2014 |
id |
ftccsdartic:oai:HAL:hal-04115499v1 |
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record_format |
openpolar |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Archive ouverte HAL (Hyper Article en Ligne, CCSD - Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe) |
op_collection_id |
ftccsdartic |
language |
English |
topic |
Earth Science [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics] |
spellingShingle |
Earth Science [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics] Cavagna, A. J. Fripiat, F. Elskens, M. Mangion, P. Chirurgien, L. Closset, I. Lasbleiz, M. Florez-Leiva, L. Cardinal, D. Leblanc, K. Fernandez, C. Lefèvre, D. Oriol, L. Blain, S. Quéguiner, B. Dehairs, F. Production regime and associated N cycling in the vicinity of Kerguelen Island, Southern Ocean |
topic_facet |
Earth Science [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics] |
description |
International audience Although the Southern Ocean is considered a high-nutrient, low-chlorophyll (HNLC) area, massive and recurrent blooms are observed over and downstream of the Kerguelen Plateau. This mosaic of blooms is triggered by a higher iron supply resulting from the interaction between the Antarctic Circumpolar Current and the local bathymetry. Net primary production, N uptake (NO 3 - and NH 4 + ), and nitrification rates were measured at eight stations in austral spring 2011 (October-November) during the KEOPS 2 cruise in the Kerguelen Plateau area. Natural iron fertilization stimulated primary production, with mixed layer integrated net primary production and growth rates much higher in the fertilized areas (up to 315 mmol C m -2 d -1 and up to 0.31 d -1 respectively) compared to the HNLC reference site (12 mmol C m -2 d -1 and 0.06 d -1 respectively). Primary production was mainly sustained by nitrate uptake, with f ratios (corresponding to NO 3 - -uptake / (NO 3 - -uptake + NH 4 + -uptake)) lying at the upper end of the observations for the Southern Ocean (up to 0.9). We report high rates of nitrification (up to ~ 3 μmol N L -1 d -1 , with ~ 90 % of them < 1 μmol N L -1 d -1 ) typically occurring below the euphotic zone, as classically observed in the global ocean. The specificity of the studied area is that at most of the stations, the euphotic layer was shallower than the mixed layer, implying that nitrifiers can efficiently compete with phytoplankton for the ammonium produced by remineralization at low-light intensities. Nitrate produced by nitrification in the mixed layer below the euphotic zone is easily supplied to the euphotic zone waters above, and nitrification sustained 70 ± 30 % of the nitrate uptake in the productive area above the Kerguelen Plateau. This complicates estimations of new production as potentially exportable production. We conclude that high productivity in deep mixing system stimulates the N cycle by increasing both assimilation and regeneration. |
author2 |
Centre d'océanologie de Marseille (COM) Université de la Méditerranée - Aix-Marseille 2-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques (LOCEAN) Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)) École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL) Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL) Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Cavagna, A. J. Fripiat, F. Elskens, M. Mangion, P. Chirurgien, L. Closset, I. Lasbleiz, M. Florez-Leiva, L. Cardinal, D. Leblanc, K. Fernandez, C. Lefèvre, D. Oriol, L. Blain, S. Quéguiner, B. Dehairs, F. |
author_facet |
Cavagna, A. J. Fripiat, F. Elskens, M. Mangion, P. Chirurgien, L. Closset, I. Lasbleiz, M. Florez-Leiva, L. Cardinal, D. Leblanc, K. Fernandez, C. Lefèvre, D. Oriol, L. Blain, S. Quéguiner, B. Dehairs, F. |
author_sort |
Cavagna, A. J. |
title |
Production regime and associated N cycling in the vicinity of Kerguelen Island, Southern Ocean |
title_short |
Production regime and associated N cycling in the vicinity of Kerguelen Island, Southern Ocean |
title_full |
Production regime and associated N cycling in the vicinity of Kerguelen Island, Southern Ocean |
title_fullStr |
Production regime and associated N cycling in the vicinity of Kerguelen Island, Southern Ocean |
title_full_unstemmed |
Production regime and associated N cycling in the vicinity of Kerguelen Island, Southern Ocean |
title_sort |
production regime and associated n cycling in the vicinity of kerguelen island, southern ocean |
publisher |
HAL CCSD |
publishDate |
2015 |
url |
https://hal.science/hal-04115499 https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-6515-201510.5194/bgd-11-18073-2014 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(69.500,69.500,-49.250,-49.250) |
geographic |
Antarctic Southern Ocean The Antarctic Austral Kerguelen Kerguelen Island |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic Southern Ocean The Antarctic Austral Kerguelen Kerguelen Island |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Southern Ocean |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Southern Ocean |
op_source |
Biogeosciences https://hal.science/hal-04115499 Biogeosciences, 2015, 12, pp.6515-6528. ⟨10.5194/bg-12-6515-201510.5194/bgd-11-18073-2014⟩ |
op_relation |
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.5194/bg-12-6515-201510.5194/bgd-11-18073-2014 hal-04115499 https://hal.science/hal-04115499 BIBCODE: 2015BGeo.12.6515C doi:10.5194/bg-12-6515-201510.5194/bgd-11-18073-2014 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-6515-201510.5194/bgd-11-18073-2014 |
_version_ |
1769005774559772672 |
spelling |
ftccsdartic:oai:HAL:hal-04115499v1 2023-06-18T03:36:20+02:00 Production regime and associated N cycling in the vicinity of Kerguelen Island, Southern Ocean Cavagna, A. J. Fripiat, F. Elskens, M. Mangion, P. Chirurgien, L. Closset, I. Lasbleiz, M. Florez-Leiva, L. Cardinal, D. Leblanc, K. Fernandez, C. Lefèvre, D. Oriol, L. Blain, S. Quéguiner, B. Dehairs, F. Centre d'océanologie de Marseille (COM) Université de la Méditerranée - Aix-Marseille 2-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques (LOCEAN) Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)) École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL) Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL) Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) 2015 https://hal.science/hal-04115499 https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-6515-201510.5194/bgd-11-18073-2014 en eng HAL CCSD info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.5194/bg-12-6515-201510.5194/bgd-11-18073-2014 hal-04115499 https://hal.science/hal-04115499 BIBCODE: 2015BGeo.12.6515C doi:10.5194/bg-12-6515-201510.5194/bgd-11-18073-2014 Biogeosciences https://hal.science/hal-04115499 Biogeosciences, 2015, 12, pp.6515-6528. ⟨10.5194/bg-12-6515-201510.5194/bgd-11-18073-2014⟩ Earth Science [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics] info:eu-repo/semantics/article Journal articles 2015 ftccsdartic https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-6515-201510.5194/bgd-11-18073-2014 2023-06-03T23:49:20Z International audience Although the Southern Ocean is considered a high-nutrient, low-chlorophyll (HNLC) area, massive and recurrent blooms are observed over and downstream of the Kerguelen Plateau. This mosaic of blooms is triggered by a higher iron supply resulting from the interaction between the Antarctic Circumpolar Current and the local bathymetry. Net primary production, N uptake (NO 3 - and NH 4 + ), and nitrification rates were measured at eight stations in austral spring 2011 (October-November) during the KEOPS 2 cruise in the Kerguelen Plateau area. Natural iron fertilization stimulated primary production, with mixed layer integrated net primary production and growth rates much higher in the fertilized areas (up to 315 mmol C m -2 d -1 and up to 0.31 d -1 respectively) compared to the HNLC reference site (12 mmol C m -2 d -1 and 0.06 d -1 respectively). Primary production was mainly sustained by nitrate uptake, with f ratios (corresponding to NO 3 - -uptake / (NO 3 - -uptake + NH 4 + -uptake)) lying at the upper end of the observations for the Southern Ocean (up to 0.9). We report high rates of nitrification (up to ~ 3 μmol N L -1 d -1 , with ~ 90 % of them < 1 μmol N L -1 d -1 ) typically occurring below the euphotic zone, as classically observed in the global ocean. The specificity of the studied area is that at most of the stations, the euphotic layer was shallower than the mixed layer, implying that nitrifiers can efficiently compete with phytoplankton for the ammonium produced by remineralization at low-light intensities. Nitrate produced by nitrification in the mixed layer below the euphotic zone is easily supplied to the euphotic zone waters above, and nitrification sustained 70 ± 30 % of the nitrate uptake in the productive area above the Kerguelen Plateau. This complicates estimations of new production as potentially exportable production. We conclude that high productivity in deep mixing system stimulates the N cycle by increasing both assimilation and regeneration. Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic Southern Ocean Archive ouverte HAL (Hyper Article en Ligne, CCSD - Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe) Antarctic Southern Ocean The Antarctic Austral Kerguelen Kerguelen Island ENVELOPE(69.500,69.500,-49.250,-49.250) |