« Telling our lives with our own words » : when Khanty, Nenets and Mansis of (sub)Arctic Siberia talk about their language

• Published in: Slovo
• Main Author: Samson Normand de Chambourg, Dominique
• Other Authors: Centre de recherches Europes-Eurasie (CREE EA 4513), Institut National des Langues et Civilisations Orientales (Inalco)
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: French
• Published: HAL CCSD 2022
• Subjects: indigenous peoples; Khanty-Mansi autonomous okrug-Yugra; Yamalo-Nenets autonomous district; Language policy; Linguistic policy; personal stories; peuples autochtones; district autonome des Khanty-Mansi-Iougra; district autonome Iamalo-Nénètse; politique linguistique; récits de vie; языковая политика; жизнеописания хантов; ненцев и манси; коренные народы; Ханты-мансийский автономный округ-Югра и Ямало-Ненецкий автономный округ; [SHS.SOCIO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology; [SHS.LITT]Humanities and Social Sciences/Literature; [SHS.LANGUE]Humanities and Social Sciences/Linguistics; [SHS.ANTHRO-SE]Humanities and Social Sciences/Social Anthropology and ethnology; [SHS.MUSEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Cultural heritage and museology; Arctic; Arctique*; khanty; khanty-mansi; mansi; nenets; Nenets Autonomous Okrug; Yamalo Nenets; Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug; Ненец*; Ненцы; Ямал*; Ямало-Ненецкий автономный округ; Mansi; Siberia
• Online Access: https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-03686172; https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-03686172/document; https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-03686172/file/Slovo52_10_D_Samson_Normand_de_Chambourg.pdf; https://doi.org/10.46298/slovo.2022.9677

Épisciences - Slovo International audience Since the conquest of Siberia in the sixteenth century and the colonization that followed, the history of vernacular languages has often been linked to the language policy of the Russian state, between disinterest, promotion and instrumentalization. History has been written from the sole point of view of the dominant culture. After a brief review of the linguistic interactions between the Russian and indigenous worlds in Imperial and Soviet Siberia, particularly in the light of the school, it will be necessary to consider the point of view of the communities themselves, using the example of the Nenets, Khantys and Mansis of (sub)Arctic Siberia. Based mainly on fieldwork and life stories collected from 2013 to 2018 in the tundras of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug and in the forests of the Khanty-Mansi - Yugra Autonomous Okrug, this article seeks to restore the indigenous narrative and highlight the paths explored by the Tundroviki and Tajožniki in the early twenty-first century to maintain a bubbling space for self-expression in the face of the inner demons of the dominant culture and the discouragement of some communities themselves. Depuis la conquête de la Sibérie au XVIe siècle et la colonisation qui a suivi, l’histoire des langues vernaculaires a souvent été liée à la politique linguistique de l’État russe, entre désintérêt, promotion et instrumentalisation. L’histoire a été écrite du seul point de vue de la culture dominante. Après un bref rappel des interactions linguistiques entre les mondes russe et autochtone dans la Sibérie impériale et soviétique, notamment à la lumière de l’école, il faudra rendre compte du point de vue des communautés elles-mêmes, à partir de l’exemple des Nénètses, des Khantys et des Mansis de la Sibérie (sub)arctique. Fondé essentiellement sur des travaux de terrain et des récits de vie collectés de 2013 à 2018 dans les toundras du district autonome Iamalo-Nénètse et dans les forêts du district autonome des Khanty-Mansi-Iougra, ...