Disturbance is the key to plant invasions in cold environments
International audience Until now, nonnative plant species were rarely found at high elevations and latitudes. However, partly because of climate warming, biological invasions are now on the rise in these extremely cold environments. These plant invasions make it timely to undertake a thorough experi...
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Online Access: | https://hal.science/hal-03666063 https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1608980113 |
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ftccsdartic:oai:HAL:hal-03666063v1 2024-02-27T08:45:47+00:00 Disturbance is the key to plant invasions in cold environments Lembrechts, Jonas Pauchard, Aníbal Lenoir, Jonathan, Roger Michel Henri Nuñez, Martín Geron, Charly Ven, Arne Bravo-Monasterio, Pablo Teneb, Ernesto Nijs, Ivan Milbau, Ann Ecologie et Dynamique des Systèmes Anthropisés - UMR CNRS 7058 (EDYSAN) Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) 2016-12-06 https://hal.science/hal-03666063 https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1608980113 en eng HAL CCSD National Academy of Sciences info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1073/pnas.1608980113 hal-03666063 https://hal.science/hal-03666063 doi:10.1073/pnas.1608980113 PUBMEDCENTRAL: PMC5150417 ISSN: 0027-8424 EISSN: 1091-6490 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America https://hal.science/hal-03666063 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2016, 113 (49), pp.14061-14066. ⟨10.1073/pnas.1608980113⟩ [SDV.BID]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity [SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology environment [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology info:eu-repo/semantics/article Journal articles 2016 ftccsdartic https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1608980113 2024-01-28T01:22:35Z International audience Until now, nonnative plant species were rarely found at high elevations and latitudes. However, partly because of climate warming, biological invasions are now on the rise in these extremely cold environments. These plant invasions make it timely to undertake a thorough experimental assessment of what has previously been holding them back. This knowledge is key to developing efficient management of the increasing risks of cold-climate invasions. Here, we integrate human interventions (i.e., disturbance, nutrient addition, and propagule input) and climatic factors (i.e., temperature) into one seed-addition experiment across two continents: the subantarctic Andes and subarctic Scandinavian mountains (Scandes), to disentangle their roles in limiting or favoring plant invasions. Disturbance was found as the main determinant of plant invader success (i.e., establishment, growth, and flowering) along the entire cold-climate gradient, explaining 40–60% of the total variance in our models, with no indication of any facilitative effect from the native vegetation. Higher nutrient levels additionally stimulated biomass production and flowering. Establishment and flowering displayed a hump-shaped response with increasing elevation, suggesting that competition is the main limit on invader success at low elevations, as opposed to low-growing-season temperatures at high elevations. Our experiment showed, however, that nonnative plants can establish, grow, and flower well above their current elevational limits in high-latitude mountains. We thus argue that cold-climate ecosystems are likely to see rapid increases in plant invasions in the near future as a result of a synergistic interaction between increasing human-mediated disturbances and climate warming. Article in Journal/Newspaper Subarctic Archive ouverte HAL (Hyper Article en Ligne, CCSD - Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe) Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 113 49 14061 14066 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Archive ouverte HAL (Hyper Article en Ligne, CCSD - Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe) |
op_collection_id |
ftccsdartic |
language |
English |
topic |
[SDV.BID]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity [SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology environment [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology |
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[SDV.BID]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity [SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology environment [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology Lembrechts, Jonas Pauchard, Aníbal Lenoir, Jonathan, Roger Michel Henri Nuñez, Martín Geron, Charly Ven, Arne Bravo-Monasterio, Pablo Teneb, Ernesto Nijs, Ivan Milbau, Ann Disturbance is the key to plant invasions in cold environments |
topic_facet |
[SDV.BID]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity [SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology environment [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology |
description |
International audience Until now, nonnative plant species were rarely found at high elevations and latitudes. However, partly because of climate warming, biological invasions are now on the rise in these extremely cold environments. These plant invasions make it timely to undertake a thorough experimental assessment of what has previously been holding them back. This knowledge is key to developing efficient management of the increasing risks of cold-climate invasions. Here, we integrate human interventions (i.e., disturbance, nutrient addition, and propagule input) and climatic factors (i.e., temperature) into one seed-addition experiment across two continents: the subantarctic Andes and subarctic Scandinavian mountains (Scandes), to disentangle their roles in limiting or favoring plant invasions. Disturbance was found as the main determinant of plant invader success (i.e., establishment, growth, and flowering) along the entire cold-climate gradient, explaining 40–60% of the total variance in our models, with no indication of any facilitative effect from the native vegetation. Higher nutrient levels additionally stimulated biomass production and flowering. Establishment and flowering displayed a hump-shaped response with increasing elevation, suggesting that competition is the main limit on invader success at low elevations, as opposed to low-growing-season temperatures at high elevations. Our experiment showed, however, that nonnative plants can establish, grow, and flower well above their current elevational limits in high-latitude mountains. We thus argue that cold-climate ecosystems are likely to see rapid increases in plant invasions in the near future as a result of a synergistic interaction between increasing human-mediated disturbances and climate warming. |
author2 |
Ecologie et Dynamique des Systèmes Anthropisés - UMR CNRS 7058 (EDYSAN) Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Lembrechts, Jonas Pauchard, Aníbal Lenoir, Jonathan, Roger Michel Henri Nuñez, Martín Geron, Charly Ven, Arne Bravo-Monasterio, Pablo Teneb, Ernesto Nijs, Ivan Milbau, Ann |
author_facet |
Lembrechts, Jonas Pauchard, Aníbal Lenoir, Jonathan, Roger Michel Henri Nuñez, Martín Geron, Charly Ven, Arne Bravo-Monasterio, Pablo Teneb, Ernesto Nijs, Ivan Milbau, Ann |
author_sort |
Lembrechts, Jonas |
title |
Disturbance is the key to plant invasions in cold environments |
title_short |
Disturbance is the key to plant invasions in cold environments |
title_full |
Disturbance is the key to plant invasions in cold environments |
title_fullStr |
Disturbance is the key to plant invasions in cold environments |
title_full_unstemmed |
Disturbance is the key to plant invasions in cold environments |
title_sort |
disturbance is the key to plant invasions in cold environments |
publisher |
HAL CCSD |
publishDate |
2016 |
url |
https://hal.science/hal-03666063 https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1608980113 |
genre |
Subarctic |
genre_facet |
Subarctic |
op_source |
ISSN: 0027-8424 EISSN: 1091-6490 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America https://hal.science/hal-03666063 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2016, 113 (49), pp.14061-14066. ⟨10.1073/pnas.1608980113⟩ |
op_relation |
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1073/pnas.1608980113 hal-03666063 https://hal.science/hal-03666063 doi:10.1073/pnas.1608980113 PUBMEDCENTRAL: PMC5150417 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1608980113 |
container_title |
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences |
container_volume |
113 |
container_issue |
49 |
container_start_page |
14061 |
op_container_end_page |
14066 |
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1792055085591691264 |