Drivers of extreme wildfire years in the 1965–2019 fire regime of the Tłı̨chǫ First Nation territory, Canada
International audience Exceptionally large areas burned in 2014 in central Northwest Territories (Canada), leading members of the Tłı̨chǫ First Nation to characterize this year as ‘extreme’. Top-down climatic and bottom- up environmental drivers of fire behavior and areas burned in the boreal forest...
Published in: | Écoscience |
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Main Authors: | , , , , |
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Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
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HAL CCSD
2022
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Online Access: | https://hal.umontpellier.fr/hal-03663627 https://hal.umontpellier.fr/hal-03663627/document https://hal.umontpellier.fr/hal-03663627/file/Gaboriau_etal_Ecoscience_2022.pdf https://doi.org/10.1080/11956860.2022.2070342 |
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Archive ouverte HAL (Hyper Article en Ligne, CCSD - Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe) |
op_collection_id |
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English |
topic |
Wildfires Canadian national fire database fire weather index large fires drought boreal forest Incendies forestiers base de données nationale canadienne sur les feux de forêt indice forêt-météo grands feux sécheresse forêt boréale [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes |
spellingShingle |
Wildfires Canadian national fire database fire weather index large fires drought boreal forest Incendies forestiers base de données nationale canadienne sur les feux de forêt indice forêt-météo grands feux sécheresse forêt boréale [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes Gaboriau, Dorian Asselin, Hugo Ali, Adam Hély, Christelle Girardin, Martin Drivers of extreme wildfire years in the 1965–2019 fire regime of the Tłı̨chǫ First Nation territory, Canada |
topic_facet |
Wildfires Canadian national fire database fire weather index large fires drought boreal forest Incendies forestiers base de données nationale canadienne sur les feux de forêt indice forêt-météo grands feux sécheresse forêt boréale [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes |
description |
International audience Exceptionally large areas burned in 2014 in central Northwest Territories (Canada), leading members of the Tłı̨chǫ First Nation to characterize this year as ‘extreme’. Top-down climatic and bottom- up environmental drivers of fire behavior and areas burned in the boreal forest are relatively well understood, but not the drivers of extreme wildfire years (EWY). We investigated the temporal and spatial distributions of fire regime components (fire occurrence, size, cause, fire season length) on the Tłı̨chǫ territory from 1965 to 2019. We used BioSIM and data from weather stations to interpolate mean weather conditions, fuel moisture content and fire-weather indices for each fire season, and we described the environmental characteristics of burned areas. We identified and characterized EWY, i.e., years exceeding the 80th percentile of annual area burned for the study period. Temperature and fuel moisture were the main drivers of areas burned. Nine EWY occurred from 1965 to 2019, including 2014. Compared to non-EWY, EWY had significantly higher mean temperature (>14.7°C) and exceeded threshold values of Drought Code (>514), Initial Spread Index (>7), and Fire Weather Index (>19). Our results will help limit the effects of EWY on human safety, health and Indigenous livelihoods and lifestyles. Des superficies exceptionnellement vastes ont brûlé en 2014 dans le centre des Territoires du Nord-Ouest (Canada), ce qui a conduit les membres de la Première Nation Tłı̨chǫ à qualifier cette année d’« extrême ». Les facteurs climatiques descendants et les facteurs environnementaux ascendants expliquant le comportement du feu et les superficies brûlées en forêt boréale sont relativement bien connus, mais pas les facteurs associés aux années de feu extrêmes (EWY). Nous avons étudié les distributions temporelles et spatiales des composantes du régime des feux (occurrence, taille, cause, durée de la saison de feu) sur le territoire Tłı̨chǫ de 1965 à 2019. Nous avons utilisé BioSIM et des ... |
author2 |
Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue (UQAT) Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier (UMR ISEM) Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE) Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut de recherche pour le développement IRD : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM) Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM) École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE) Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL) Natural Resources Canada (NRCan) Polar Knowledge Canada (# NST-1718-0014), National Geographic Society (# EC-386R-18), Discovery Grant from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Gaboriau, Dorian Asselin, Hugo Ali, Adam Hély, Christelle Girardin, Martin |
author_facet |
Gaboriau, Dorian Asselin, Hugo Ali, Adam Hély, Christelle Girardin, Martin |
author_sort |
Gaboriau, Dorian |
title |
Drivers of extreme wildfire years in the 1965–2019 fire regime of the Tłı̨chǫ First Nation territory, Canada |
title_short |
Drivers of extreme wildfire years in the 1965–2019 fire regime of the Tłı̨chǫ First Nation territory, Canada |
title_full |
Drivers of extreme wildfire years in the 1965–2019 fire regime of the Tłı̨chǫ First Nation territory, Canada |
title_fullStr |
Drivers of extreme wildfire years in the 1965–2019 fire regime of the Tłı̨chǫ First Nation territory, Canada |
title_full_unstemmed |
Drivers of extreme wildfire years in the 1965–2019 fire regime of the Tłı̨chǫ First Nation territory, Canada |
title_sort |
drivers of extreme wildfire years in the 1965–2019 fire regime of the tłı̨chǫ first nation territory, canada |
publisher |
HAL CCSD |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
https://hal.umontpellier.fr/hal-03663627 https://hal.umontpellier.fr/hal-03663627/document https://hal.umontpellier.fr/hal-03663627/file/Gaboriau_etal_Ecoscience_2022.pdf https://doi.org/10.1080/11956860.2022.2070342 |
geographic |
Canada Northwest Territories |
geographic_facet |
Canada Northwest Territories |
genre |
Northwest Territories Territoires du Nord-Ouest |
genre_facet |
Northwest Territories Territoires du Nord-Ouest |
op_source |
ISSN: 1195-6860 Ecoscience https://hal.umontpellier.fr/hal-03663627 Ecoscience, In press, ⟨10.1080/11956860.2022.2070342⟩ |
op_relation |
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1080/11956860.2022.2070342 hal-03663627 https://hal.umontpellier.fr/hal-03663627 https://hal.umontpellier.fr/hal-03663627/document https://hal.umontpellier.fr/hal-03663627/file/Gaboriau_etal_Ecoscience_2022.pdf doi:10.1080/11956860.2022.2070342 |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1080/11956860.2022.2070342 |
container_title |
Écoscience |
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spelling |
ftccsdartic:oai:HAL:hal-03663627v1 2024-02-27T08:44:00+00:00 Drivers of extreme wildfire years in the 1965–2019 fire regime of the Tłı̨chǫ First Nation territory, Canada Gaboriau, Dorian Asselin, Hugo Ali, Adam Hély, Christelle Girardin, Martin Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue (UQAT) Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier (UMR ISEM) Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE) Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut de recherche pour le développement IRD : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM) Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM) École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE) Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL) Natural Resources Canada (NRCan) Polar Knowledge Canada (# NST-1718-0014), National Geographic Society (# EC-386R-18), Discovery Grant from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) 2022 https://hal.umontpellier.fr/hal-03663627 https://hal.umontpellier.fr/hal-03663627/document https://hal.umontpellier.fr/hal-03663627/file/Gaboriau_etal_Ecoscience_2022.pdf https://doi.org/10.1080/11956860.2022.2070342 en eng HAL CCSD Ecoscience info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1080/11956860.2022.2070342 hal-03663627 https://hal.umontpellier.fr/hal-03663627 https://hal.umontpellier.fr/hal-03663627/document https://hal.umontpellier.fr/hal-03663627/file/Gaboriau_etal_Ecoscience_2022.pdf doi:10.1080/11956860.2022.2070342 info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess ISSN: 1195-6860 Ecoscience https://hal.umontpellier.fr/hal-03663627 Ecoscience, In press, ⟨10.1080/11956860.2022.2070342⟩ Wildfires Canadian national fire database fire weather index large fires drought boreal forest Incendies forestiers base de données nationale canadienne sur les feux de forêt indice forêt-météo grands feux sécheresse forêt boréale [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes info:eu-repo/semantics/article Journal articles 2022 ftccsdartic https://doi.org/10.1080/11956860.2022.2070342 2024-01-28T01:22:46Z International audience Exceptionally large areas burned in 2014 in central Northwest Territories (Canada), leading members of the Tłı̨chǫ First Nation to characterize this year as ‘extreme’. Top-down climatic and bottom- up environmental drivers of fire behavior and areas burned in the boreal forest are relatively well understood, but not the drivers of extreme wildfire years (EWY). We investigated the temporal and spatial distributions of fire regime components (fire occurrence, size, cause, fire season length) on the Tłı̨chǫ territory from 1965 to 2019. We used BioSIM and data from weather stations to interpolate mean weather conditions, fuel moisture content and fire-weather indices for each fire season, and we described the environmental characteristics of burned areas. We identified and characterized EWY, i.e., years exceeding the 80th percentile of annual area burned for the study period. Temperature and fuel moisture were the main drivers of areas burned. Nine EWY occurred from 1965 to 2019, including 2014. Compared to non-EWY, EWY had significantly higher mean temperature (>14.7°C) and exceeded threshold values of Drought Code (>514), Initial Spread Index (>7), and Fire Weather Index (>19). Our results will help limit the effects of EWY on human safety, health and Indigenous livelihoods and lifestyles. Des superficies exceptionnellement vastes ont brûlé en 2014 dans le centre des Territoires du Nord-Ouest (Canada), ce qui a conduit les membres de la Première Nation Tłı̨chǫ à qualifier cette année d’« extrême ». Les facteurs climatiques descendants et les facteurs environnementaux ascendants expliquant le comportement du feu et les superficies brûlées en forêt boréale sont relativement bien connus, mais pas les facteurs associés aux années de feu extrêmes (EWY). Nous avons étudié les distributions temporelles et spatiales des composantes du régime des feux (occurrence, taille, cause, durée de la saison de feu) sur le territoire Tłı̨chǫ de 1965 à 2019. Nous avons utilisé BioSIM et des ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Northwest Territories Territoires du Nord-Ouest Archive ouverte HAL (Hyper Article en Ligne, CCSD - Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe) Canada Northwest Territories Écoscience 1 17 |