An assessment of the carbon balance of Arctic tundra: comparisons among observations, process models, and atmospheric inversions
International audience Although Arctic tundra has been estimated to cover only 8% of the global land surface, the large and potentially labile carbon pools currently stored in tundra soils have the potential for large emissions of carbon (C) under a warming climate. These emissions as radiatively ac...
Published in: | Biogeosciences |
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Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , |
Other Authors: | , , , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
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HAL CCSD
2012
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Online Access: | https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-03206163 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-03206163/document https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-03206163/file/bg-9-3185-2012.pdf https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-9-3185-2012 |
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Archive ouverte HAL (Hyper Article en Ligne, CCSD - Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe) |
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language |
English |
topic |
[SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean Atmosphere [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces environment |
spellingShingle |
[SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean Atmosphere [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces environment Mcguire, A. Christensen, T. Hayes, D. Heroult, A. Euskirchen, E. Kimball, J. Koven, C. Lafleur, P. Miller, P. Oechel, W. Peylin, P. Williams, M. Yi, Y. An assessment of the carbon balance of Arctic tundra: comparisons among observations, process models, and atmospheric inversions |
topic_facet |
[SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean Atmosphere [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces environment |
description |
International audience Although Arctic tundra has been estimated to cover only 8% of the global land surface, the large and potentially labile carbon pools currently stored in tundra soils have the potential for large emissions of carbon (C) under a warming climate. These emissions as radiatively active greenhouse gases in the form of both CO2 and CH4 could amplify global warming. Given the potential sensitivity of these ecosystems to climate change and the expectation that the Arctic will experience appreciable warming over the next century, it is important to assess whether responses of C exchange in tundra regions are likely to enhance or mitigate warming. In this study we compared analyses of C exchange of Arctic tundra between 1990 and 2006 among observations, regional and global applications of process-based terrestrial biosphere models, and atmospheric inversion models. Syntheses of flux observations and inversion models indicate that the annual exchange of CO2 between Arctic tundra and the atmosphere has large uncertainties that cannot be distinguished from neutral balance. The mean estimate from an ensemble of process-based model simulations suggests that Arctic tundra has acted as a sink for atmospheric CO2 in recent decades, but based on the uncertainty estimates it cannot be determined with confidence whether these ecosystems represent a weak or a strong sink. Tundra was 0.6 °C warmer in the 2000s compared to the 1990s. The central estimates of the observations, process-based models, and inversion models each identify stronger sinks in the 2000s compared with the 1990s. Some of the process models indicate that this occurred because net primary production increased more in response to warming than heterotrophic respiration. Similarly, the observations and the applications of regional process-based models suggest that CH4 emissions from Arctic tundra have increased from the 1990s to 2000s because of the sensitivity of CH4 emissions to warmer temperatures. Based on our analyses of the estimates from ... |
author2 |
Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement Gif-sur-Yvette (LSCE) Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ) Modélisation des Surfaces et Interfaces Continentales (MOSAIC) Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ) |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Mcguire, A. Christensen, T. Hayes, D. Heroult, A. Euskirchen, E. Kimball, J. Koven, C. Lafleur, P. Miller, P. Oechel, W. Peylin, P. Williams, M. Yi, Y. |
author_facet |
Mcguire, A. Christensen, T. Hayes, D. Heroult, A. Euskirchen, E. Kimball, J. Koven, C. Lafleur, P. Miller, P. Oechel, W. Peylin, P. Williams, M. Yi, Y. |
author_sort |
Mcguire, A. |
title |
An assessment of the carbon balance of Arctic tundra: comparisons among observations, process models, and atmospheric inversions |
title_short |
An assessment of the carbon balance of Arctic tundra: comparisons among observations, process models, and atmospheric inversions |
title_full |
An assessment of the carbon balance of Arctic tundra: comparisons among observations, process models, and atmospheric inversions |
title_fullStr |
An assessment of the carbon balance of Arctic tundra: comparisons among observations, process models, and atmospheric inversions |
title_full_unstemmed |
An assessment of the carbon balance of Arctic tundra: comparisons among observations, process models, and atmospheric inversions |
title_sort |
assessment of the carbon balance of arctic tundra: comparisons among observations, process models, and atmospheric inversions |
publisher |
HAL CCSD |
publishDate |
2012 |
url |
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-03206163 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-03206163/document https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-03206163/file/bg-9-3185-2012.pdf https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-9-3185-2012 |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic Climate change Global warming Tundra |
genre_facet |
Arctic Climate change Global warming Tundra |
op_source |
ISSN: 1726-4170 EISSN: 1726-4189 Biogeosciences https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-03206163 Biogeosciences, European Geosciences Union, 2012, 9 (8), pp.3185-3204. ⟨10.5194/bg-9-3185-2012⟩ |
op_relation |
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.5194/bg-9-3185-2012 hal-03206163 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-03206163 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-03206163/document https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-03206163/file/bg-9-3185-2012.pdf doi:10.5194/bg-9-3185-2012 |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-9-3185-2012 |
container_title |
Biogeosciences |
container_volume |
9 |
container_issue |
8 |
container_start_page |
3185 |
op_container_end_page |
3204 |
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1766315957231288320 |
spelling |
ftccsdartic:oai:HAL:hal-03206163v1 2023-05-15T14:44:28+02:00 An assessment of the carbon balance of Arctic tundra: comparisons among observations, process models, and atmospheric inversions Mcguire, A. Christensen, T. Hayes, D. Heroult, A. Euskirchen, E. Kimball, J. Koven, C. Lafleur, P. Miller, P. Oechel, W. Peylin, P. Williams, M. Yi, Y. Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement Gif-sur-Yvette (LSCE) Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ) Modélisation des Surfaces et Interfaces Continentales (MOSAIC) Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ) 2012 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-03206163 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-03206163/document https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-03206163/file/bg-9-3185-2012.pdf https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-9-3185-2012 en eng HAL CCSD European Geosciences Union info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.5194/bg-9-3185-2012 hal-03206163 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-03206163 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-03206163/document https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-03206163/file/bg-9-3185-2012.pdf doi:10.5194/bg-9-3185-2012 info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess ISSN: 1726-4170 EISSN: 1726-4189 Biogeosciences https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-03206163 Biogeosciences, European Geosciences Union, 2012, 9 (8), pp.3185-3204. ⟨10.5194/bg-9-3185-2012⟩ [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean Atmosphere [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces environment info:eu-repo/semantics/article Journal articles 2012 ftccsdartic https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-9-3185-2012 2021-12-19T00:15:14Z International audience Although Arctic tundra has been estimated to cover only 8% of the global land surface, the large and potentially labile carbon pools currently stored in tundra soils have the potential for large emissions of carbon (C) under a warming climate. These emissions as radiatively active greenhouse gases in the form of both CO2 and CH4 could amplify global warming. Given the potential sensitivity of these ecosystems to climate change and the expectation that the Arctic will experience appreciable warming over the next century, it is important to assess whether responses of C exchange in tundra regions are likely to enhance or mitigate warming. In this study we compared analyses of C exchange of Arctic tundra between 1990 and 2006 among observations, regional and global applications of process-based terrestrial biosphere models, and atmospheric inversion models. Syntheses of flux observations and inversion models indicate that the annual exchange of CO2 between Arctic tundra and the atmosphere has large uncertainties that cannot be distinguished from neutral balance. The mean estimate from an ensemble of process-based model simulations suggests that Arctic tundra has acted as a sink for atmospheric CO2 in recent decades, but based on the uncertainty estimates it cannot be determined with confidence whether these ecosystems represent a weak or a strong sink. Tundra was 0.6 °C warmer in the 2000s compared to the 1990s. The central estimates of the observations, process-based models, and inversion models each identify stronger sinks in the 2000s compared with the 1990s. Some of the process models indicate that this occurred because net primary production increased more in response to warming than heterotrophic respiration. Similarly, the observations and the applications of regional process-based models suggest that CH4 emissions from Arctic tundra have increased from the 1990s to 2000s because of the sensitivity of CH4 emissions to warmer temperatures. Based on our analyses of the estimates from ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Climate change Global warming Tundra Archive ouverte HAL (Hyper Article en Ligne, CCSD - Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe) Arctic Biogeosciences 9 8 3185 3204 |