Early Eocene vigorous ocean overturning and its contribution to a warm Southern Ocean
International audience The early Eocene (similar to 55 Ma) was the warmest period of the Cenozoic and was most likely characterized by extremely high atmospheric CO2 concentrations. Here, we analyze simulations of the early Eocene performed with the IPSL-CM5A2 Earth system model, set up with paleoge...
Published in: | Climate of the Past |
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Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
Other Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
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HAL CCSD
2020
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Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02938646 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02938646/document https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02938646/file/cp-16-1263-2020.pdf https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-16-1263-2020 |
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English |
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[SDU.STU.CL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Climatology [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean Atmosphere |
spellingShingle |
[SDU.STU.CL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Climatology [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean Atmosphere Zhang, Yurui Huck, Thierry Lique, Camille Donnadieu, Yannick Ladant, Jean-Baptiste Rabineau, Marina Aslanian, Daniel Early Eocene vigorous ocean overturning and its contribution to a warm Southern Ocean |
topic_facet |
[SDU.STU.CL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Climatology [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean Atmosphere |
description |
International audience The early Eocene (similar to 55 Ma) was the warmest period of the Cenozoic and was most likely characterized by extremely high atmospheric CO2 concentrations. Here, we analyze simulations of the early Eocene performed with the IPSL-CM5A2 Earth system model, set up with paleogeographic reconstructions of this period from the DeepMIP project and with different levels of atmospheric CO2. When compared with proxy-based reconstructions, the simulations reasonably capture both the reconstructed amplitude and pattern of early Eocene sea surface temperature. A comparison with simulations of modern conditions allows us to explore the changes in ocean circulation and the resulting ocean meridional heat transport. At a CO2 level of 840 ppm, the early Eocene simulation is characterized by a strong abyssal overturning circulation in the Southern Hemisphere (40 Sv at 60 degrees S), fed by deepwater formation in the three sectors of the Southern Ocean. Deep convection in the Southern Ocean is favored by the closed Drake and Tasmanian passages, which provide western boundaries for the buildup of strong subpolar gyres in the Weddell and Ross seas, in the middle of which convection develops. The strong overturning circulation, associated with subpolar gyres, sustains the poleward advection of saline subtropical water to the convective regions in the Southern Ocean, thereby maintaining deepwater formation. This salt-advection feedback mechanism is akin to that responsible for the present-day North Atlantic overturning circulation. The strong abyssal overturning circulation in the 55Ma simulations primarily results in an enhanced poleward ocean heat transport by 0.3-0.7 PW in the Southern Hemisphere compared to modern conditions, reaching 1.7PW southward at 20 degrees S, and contributes to keeping the Southern Ocean and Antarctica warm in the Eocene. Simulations with different atmospheric CO2 levels show that ocean circulation and heat transport are relatively insensitive to CO2 doubling. |
author2 |
Laboratoire d'Océanographie Physique et Spatiale (LOPS) Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Centre européen de recherche et d'enseignement des géosciences de l'environnement (CEREGE) Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE) Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement Gif-sur-Yvette (LSCE) Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ) Modélisation du climat (CLIM) Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ) University of Michigan Ann Arbor University of Michigan System Laboratoire Géosciences Océan (LGO) Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer - Brest (IFREMER Centre de Bretagne) Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Unité de recherche Géosciences Marines (Ifremer) (GM) Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER) French National Research Agency (ANR) under the "Programme d'Investissements d'Avenir" ISblueFrench National Research Agency (ANR) ANR-17EURE-0015 French National Research Agency (ANR) under the "Programme d'Investissements d'Avenir" LabexMERFrench National Research Agency (ANR) ANR-10-LABX-19 Ifremer Universite Bretagne Loire ANR project ANOX-SEAFrench National Research Agency (ANR) ANR-10-LABX-0019,LabexMER,LabexMER Marine Excellence Research: a changing ocean(2010) |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Zhang, Yurui Huck, Thierry Lique, Camille Donnadieu, Yannick Ladant, Jean-Baptiste Rabineau, Marina Aslanian, Daniel |
author_facet |
Zhang, Yurui Huck, Thierry Lique, Camille Donnadieu, Yannick Ladant, Jean-Baptiste Rabineau, Marina Aslanian, Daniel |
author_sort |
Zhang, Yurui |
title |
Early Eocene vigorous ocean overturning and its contribution to a warm Southern Ocean |
title_short |
Early Eocene vigorous ocean overturning and its contribution to a warm Southern Ocean |
title_full |
Early Eocene vigorous ocean overturning and its contribution to a warm Southern Ocean |
title_fullStr |
Early Eocene vigorous ocean overturning and its contribution to a warm Southern Ocean |
title_full_unstemmed |
Early Eocene vigorous ocean overturning and its contribution to a warm Southern Ocean |
title_sort |
early eocene vigorous ocean overturning and its contribution to a warm southern ocean |
publisher |
HAL CCSD |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02938646 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02938646/document https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02938646/file/cp-16-1263-2020.pdf https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-16-1263-2020 |
geographic |
Southern Ocean Weddell |
geographic_facet |
Southern Ocean Weddell |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctica North Atlantic Southern Ocean |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctica North Atlantic Southern Ocean |
op_source |
ISSN: 1814-9324 EISSN: 1814-9332 Climate of the Past https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02938646 Climate of the Past, European Geosciences Union (EGU), 2020, 16 (4), pp.1263-1283. ⟨10.5194/cp-16-1263-2020⟩ |
op_relation |
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.5194/cp-16-1263-2020 hal-02938646 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02938646 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02938646/document https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02938646/file/cp-16-1263-2020.pdf doi:10.5194/cp-16-1263-2020 WOS: 000551527500001 |
op_rights |
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/ info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-16-1263-2020 |
container_title |
Climate of the Past |
container_volume |
16 |
container_issue |
4 |
container_start_page |
1263 |
op_container_end_page |
1283 |
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1766246822121046016 |
spelling |
ftccsdartic:oai:HAL:hal-02938646v1 2023-05-15T13:47:15+02:00 Early Eocene vigorous ocean overturning and its contribution to a warm Southern Ocean Zhang, Yurui Huck, Thierry Lique, Camille Donnadieu, Yannick Ladant, Jean-Baptiste Rabineau, Marina Aslanian, Daniel Laboratoire d'Océanographie Physique et Spatiale (LOPS) Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Centre européen de recherche et d'enseignement des géosciences de l'environnement (CEREGE) Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE) Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement Gif-sur-Yvette (LSCE) Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ) Modélisation du climat (CLIM) Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ) University of Michigan Ann Arbor University of Michigan System Laboratoire Géosciences Océan (LGO) Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer - Brest (IFREMER Centre de Bretagne) Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Unité de recherche Géosciences Marines (Ifremer) (GM) Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER) French National Research Agency (ANR) under the "Programme d'Investissements d'Avenir" ISblueFrench National Research Agency (ANR) ANR-17EURE-0015 French National Research Agency (ANR) under the "Programme d'Investissements d'Avenir" LabexMERFrench National Research Agency (ANR) ANR-10-LABX-19 Ifremer Universite Bretagne Loire ANR project ANOX-SEAFrench National Research Agency (ANR) ANR-10-LABX-0019,LabexMER,LabexMER Marine Excellence Research: a changing ocean(2010) 2020 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02938646 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02938646/document https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02938646/file/cp-16-1263-2020.pdf https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-16-1263-2020 en eng HAL CCSD European Geosciences Union (EGU) info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.5194/cp-16-1263-2020 hal-02938646 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02938646 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02938646/document https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02938646/file/cp-16-1263-2020.pdf doi:10.5194/cp-16-1263-2020 WOS: 000551527500001 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/ info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess ISSN: 1814-9324 EISSN: 1814-9332 Climate of the Past https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02938646 Climate of the Past, European Geosciences Union (EGU), 2020, 16 (4), pp.1263-1283. ⟨10.5194/cp-16-1263-2020⟩ [SDU.STU.CL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Climatology [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean Atmosphere info:eu-repo/semantics/article Journal articles 2020 ftccsdartic https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-16-1263-2020 2021-12-25T23:39:14Z International audience The early Eocene (similar to 55 Ma) was the warmest period of the Cenozoic and was most likely characterized by extremely high atmospheric CO2 concentrations. Here, we analyze simulations of the early Eocene performed with the IPSL-CM5A2 Earth system model, set up with paleogeographic reconstructions of this period from the DeepMIP project and with different levels of atmospheric CO2. When compared with proxy-based reconstructions, the simulations reasonably capture both the reconstructed amplitude and pattern of early Eocene sea surface temperature. A comparison with simulations of modern conditions allows us to explore the changes in ocean circulation and the resulting ocean meridional heat transport. At a CO2 level of 840 ppm, the early Eocene simulation is characterized by a strong abyssal overturning circulation in the Southern Hemisphere (40 Sv at 60 degrees S), fed by deepwater formation in the three sectors of the Southern Ocean. Deep convection in the Southern Ocean is favored by the closed Drake and Tasmanian passages, which provide western boundaries for the buildup of strong subpolar gyres in the Weddell and Ross seas, in the middle of which convection develops. The strong overturning circulation, associated with subpolar gyres, sustains the poleward advection of saline subtropical water to the convective regions in the Southern Ocean, thereby maintaining deepwater formation. This salt-advection feedback mechanism is akin to that responsible for the present-day North Atlantic overturning circulation. The strong abyssal overturning circulation in the 55Ma simulations primarily results in an enhanced poleward ocean heat transport by 0.3-0.7 PW in the Southern Hemisphere compared to modern conditions, reaching 1.7PW southward at 20 degrees S, and contributes to keeping the Southern Ocean and Antarctica warm in the Eocene. Simulations with different atmospheric CO2 levels show that ocean circulation and heat transport are relatively insensitive to CO2 doubling. Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctica North Atlantic Southern Ocean Archive ouverte HAL (Hyper Article en Ligne, CCSD - Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe) Southern Ocean Weddell Climate of the Past 16 4 1263 1283 |