Sea-ice edge is more important than closer open water access for foraging Adélie penguins: evidence from two colonies

• Published in: Marine Ecology Progress Series
• Main Authors: Michelot, Candice, Kato, Akiko, Raclot, Thierry, Shiomi, K., Goulet, Pauline, Bustamante, Paco, Ropert‐Coudert, Yan
• Other Authors: Centre d'Études Biologiques de Chizé - UMR 7372 (CEBC), Université de La Rochelle (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Département Ecologie, Physiologie et Ethologie (DEPE-IPHC), Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), National Institute of Polar Research Tokyo (NiPR), University of St Andrews Scotland, LIttoral ENvironnement et Sociétés - UMRi 7266 (LIENSs), Université de La Rochelle (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Ministère de l'Education nationale, de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche (M.E.N.E.S.R.)
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: HAL CCSD 2020
• Subjects: Diet; Incubation trip; GPS; Stable isotopes; Colony; Sea-ice edge; Pygoscelis adeliae; [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology; [SDV.BA.ZV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Vertebrate Zoology; Antarctic; East Antarctica; Terre Adélie; Terre-Adélie; Antarc*; Antarctic Krill; Antarctic silverfish; Antarctica; Sea ice
• Online Access: https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02553482; https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02553482/document; https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02553482/file/Michelot%20et%20al%202020%20MEPS.pdf; https://doi.org/10.3354/meps13289

International audience Sentinel species, like Adélie penguins, have been used to assess the impact of environmental changes, and their link with sea ice has eceived considerable attention. Here, we tested if foraging Adélie penguins from 2 colonies in East Antarctica target the distant sea-ice edge or take advantage of closer open waters that are readily available near their colony. We examined the foraging behaviour of penguins during the incubation trips of females in 2016 and males in 2017, using GPS tracking and diet data in view of daily sea-ice data and bathymetry. In 2016−2017, sea-ice cover was extensive during females’ trips but flaw leads and polynyas were close to both study sites. Sea ice receded rapidly during males’ trips in 2017−2018. Despite close open water near both colonies in both years, females and males preferentially targeted the continental slope and the sea-ice edge to forage. In addition, there was no difference in the diet of penguins from both colonies: all penguins fed mostly on Antarctic krill and males also foraged on Antarctic silverfish. Our results highlight the importance of the sea-ice edge for penguins, an area where food abundance is predictable. It is likely that resource availability was not sufficient in closer open water areas at such an early stage in the breeding season. The behaviours displayed by the penguins from both colonies were similar, suggesting a common behaviour across colonies in Terre Adélie, although additional sites would be necessary to confirm this hypothesis.