Mass Balance and Climate History of a High-Altitude Glacier, Desert Andes of Chile
International audience Glaciers in the dry Chilean Andes provide important ecological services, yet their mass balance response to past and ongoing climate change has been little studied. This study examines the recent (2002–2015), historical (1955–2005), and past (<1900) mass balance history of...
Published in: | Frontiers in Earth Science |
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Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
Other Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
Published: |
HAL CCSD
2020
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Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02525843 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02525843/document https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02525843/file/feart-08-00040.pdf https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2020.00040 |
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Archive ouverte HAL (Hyper Article en Ligne, CCSD - Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe) |
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English |
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[SDU.STU.GL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Glaciology [SDU.STU.CL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Climatology |
spellingShingle |
[SDU.STU.GL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Glaciology [SDU.STU.CL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Climatology Kinnard, Christophe Ginot, Patrick Surazakov, Arzhan Macdonell, Shelley Nicholson, Lindsey Patris, Nicolas Rabatel, Antoine Rivera, Andres Squeo, Francisco Mass Balance and Climate History of a High-Altitude Glacier, Desert Andes of Chile |
topic_facet |
[SDU.STU.GL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Glaciology [SDU.STU.CL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Climatology |
description |
International audience Glaciers in the dry Chilean Andes provide important ecological services, yet their mass balance response to past and ongoing climate change has been little studied. This study examines the recent (2002–2015), historical (1955–2005), and past (<1900) mass balance history of the high-altitude Guanaco Glacier (29.34°S, >5000 m), using a combination of glaciological, geodetic, and ice core observations. Mass balance has been predominantly negative since 2002. Analysis of mass balance and meteorological data since 2002 suggests that mass balance is currently mostly sensitive to precipitation variations, while low temperatures, aridity and high solar radiation and wind speeds cause large sublimation losses and limited melting. Mass balance reconstructed by geodetic methods shows that Guanaco Glacier has been losing mass since at least 1955, and that mass loss has increased over time until present. An ice core recovered from the deepest part of the glacier in 2008 revealed that the glacier is cold-based with a −5.5°C basal temperature and a warm reversal of the temperature profile above 60-m depth attributed to the recent atmospheric warming trend. Detailed stratigraphic and stable isotope analyses of the upper 20 m of the core revealed seasonal cycles in the δ18O and δ2H records with periods varying between 0.5 and 3 m. w.e. a–1. Deuterium excess values larger than 10‰ suggest limited post-depositional sublimation, while the presence of numerous refrozen ice layers indicate significant summer melt. Tritium concentration in the upper 20 m of the core was very low, while 210Pb was undetected, indicating that the glacier surface in 2008 was at least 100 years old. Taken together, these results suggest that Guanaco Glacier formed under drastically different climate conditions than today, with humid conditions causing high accumulation rates, reduced sublimation and increased melting. Reconstruction of mass balance based on correlations with precipitation and streamflow records show periods ... |
author2 |
Departement des sciences de l’environnement Trois-Rivieres Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières (UQTR) Institut des Géosciences de l’Environnement (IGE) Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ) Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA) Centro de Estudios Avanzados en Zonas Aridas (CEAZA) Institut für Geographie Innsbruck Universität Innsbruck Innsbruck Hydrosciences Montpellier (HSM) Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Universidad de Chile Universidad de La Serena (USERENA) |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Kinnard, Christophe Ginot, Patrick Surazakov, Arzhan Macdonell, Shelley Nicholson, Lindsey Patris, Nicolas Rabatel, Antoine Rivera, Andres Squeo, Francisco |
author_facet |
Kinnard, Christophe Ginot, Patrick Surazakov, Arzhan Macdonell, Shelley Nicholson, Lindsey Patris, Nicolas Rabatel, Antoine Rivera, Andres Squeo, Francisco |
author_sort |
Kinnard, Christophe |
title |
Mass Balance and Climate History of a High-Altitude Glacier, Desert Andes of Chile |
title_short |
Mass Balance and Climate History of a High-Altitude Glacier, Desert Andes of Chile |
title_full |
Mass Balance and Climate History of a High-Altitude Glacier, Desert Andes of Chile |
title_fullStr |
Mass Balance and Climate History of a High-Altitude Glacier, Desert Andes of Chile |
title_full_unstemmed |
Mass Balance and Climate History of a High-Altitude Glacier, Desert Andes of Chile |
title_sort |
mass balance and climate history of a high-altitude glacier, desert andes of chile |
publisher |
HAL CCSD |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02525843 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02525843/document https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02525843/file/feart-08-00040.pdf https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2020.00040 |
genre |
ice core |
genre_facet |
ice core |
op_source |
ISSN: 2296-6463 Frontiers in Earth Science https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02525843 Frontiers in Earth Science, Frontiers Media, 2020, 8, ⟨10.3389/feart.2020.00040⟩ |
op_relation |
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.3389/feart.2020.00040 hal-02525843 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02525843 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02525843/document https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02525843/file/feart-08-00040.pdf doi:10.3389/feart.2020.00040 IRD: fdi:010078966 |
op_rights |
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/ info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2020.00040 |
container_title |
Frontiers in Earth Science |
container_volume |
8 |
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1766029375009980416 |
spelling |
ftccsdartic:oai:HAL:hal-02525843v1 2023-05-15T16:39:00+02:00 Mass Balance and Climate History of a High-Altitude Glacier, Desert Andes of Chile Kinnard, Christophe Ginot, Patrick Surazakov, Arzhan Macdonell, Shelley Nicholson, Lindsey Patris, Nicolas Rabatel, Antoine Rivera, Andres Squeo, Francisco Departement des sciences de l’environnement Trois-Rivieres Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières (UQTR) Institut des Géosciences de l’Environnement (IGE) Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ) Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA) Centro de Estudios Avanzados en Zonas Aridas (CEAZA) Institut für Geographie Innsbruck Universität Innsbruck Innsbruck Hydrosciences Montpellier (HSM) Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Universidad de Chile Universidad de La Serena (USERENA) 2020-02-25 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02525843 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02525843/document https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02525843/file/feart-08-00040.pdf https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2020.00040 en eng HAL CCSD Frontiers Media info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.3389/feart.2020.00040 hal-02525843 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02525843 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02525843/document https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02525843/file/feart-08-00040.pdf doi:10.3389/feart.2020.00040 IRD: fdi:010078966 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/ info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess ISSN: 2296-6463 Frontiers in Earth Science https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02525843 Frontiers in Earth Science, Frontiers Media, 2020, 8, ⟨10.3389/feart.2020.00040⟩ [SDU.STU.GL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Glaciology [SDU.STU.CL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Climatology info:eu-repo/semantics/article Journal articles 2020 ftccsdartic https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2020.00040 2021-11-06T23:59:27Z International audience Glaciers in the dry Chilean Andes provide important ecological services, yet their mass balance response to past and ongoing climate change has been little studied. This study examines the recent (2002–2015), historical (1955–2005), and past (<1900) mass balance history of the high-altitude Guanaco Glacier (29.34°S, >5000 m), using a combination of glaciological, geodetic, and ice core observations. Mass balance has been predominantly negative since 2002. Analysis of mass balance and meteorological data since 2002 suggests that mass balance is currently mostly sensitive to precipitation variations, while low temperatures, aridity and high solar radiation and wind speeds cause large sublimation losses and limited melting. Mass balance reconstructed by geodetic methods shows that Guanaco Glacier has been losing mass since at least 1955, and that mass loss has increased over time until present. An ice core recovered from the deepest part of the glacier in 2008 revealed that the glacier is cold-based with a −5.5°C basal temperature and a warm reversal of the temperature profile above 60-m depth attributed to the recent atmospheric warming trend. Detailed stratigraphic and stable isotope analyses of the upper 20 m of the core revealed seasonal cycles in the δ18O and δ2H records with periods varying between 0.5 and 3 m. w.e. a–1. Deuterium excess values larger than 10‰ suggest limited post-depositional sublimation, while the presence of numerous refrozen ice layers indicate significant summer melt. Tritium concentration in the upper 20 m of the core was very low, while 210Pb was undetected, indicating that the glacier surface in 2008 was at least 100 years old. Taken together, these results suggest that Guanaco Glacier formed under drastically different climate conditions than today, with humid conditions causing high accumulation rates, reduced sublimation and increased melting. Reconstruction of mass balance based on correlations with precipitation and streamflow records show periods ... Article in Journal/Newspaper ice core Archive ouverte HAL (Hyper Article en Ligne, CCSD - Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe) Frontiers in Earth Science 8 |