Global terrestrial stilling: does Earth's greening play a role?
International audience Previous studies have documented that surface wind speed (u) has been increasing over the ocean but decreasing over land for the past several decades. The decreasing u at the surface over land has been referred to as terrestrial stilling. A plausible hypothesis for terrestrial...
Published in: | Environmental Research Letters |
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Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
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Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
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2018
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Online Access: | https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02412929 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02412929/document https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02412929/file/HAL-146-Zeng_2018_Environ._Res._Lett._13_124013.pdf https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aaea84 |
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Archive ouverte HAL (Hyper Article en Ligne, CCSD - Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe) |
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English |
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weather station terrestrial stilling Earth's greening surface wind speed surface roughness leaf area index [SDU.STU.CL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Climatology |
spellingShingle |
weather station terrestrial stilling Earth's greening surface wind speed surface roughness leaf area index [SDU.STU.CL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Climatology Zeng, Zhenzhong Piao, Shilong Li, Laurent Ciais, Philippe Li, Yue Cai, Xitian Yang, Long Liu, Maofeng Wood, Eric Global terrestrial stilling: does Earth's greening play a role? |
topic_facet |
weather station terrestrial stilling Earth's greening surface wind speed surface roughness leaf area index [SDU.STU.CL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Climatology |
description |
International audience Previous studies have documented that surface wind speed (u) has been increasing over the ocean but decreasing over land for the past several decades. The decreasing u at the surface over land has been referred to as terrestrial stilling. A plausible hypothesis for terrestrial stilling is an increase in surface roughness associated with changes in land surface (e.g. enhanced vegetation growth, landscape fragmentation or urbanization). One of the most widespread land surface changes is enhanced vegetation leaf area index (LAI) known as greening, particularly over the middle to high latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere where strong stilling is observed from weather station data. In this study, we examine the hypothesis that enhanced vegetation LAI is a key driver of global terrestrial stilling. We first characterized the trend in u over the ocean using long-term satellite altimeter measurements, and the trend in u over land using continuous wind records from 4305 in situ meteorological stations. We then performed initial condition ensemble Atmospheric Model Intercomparison Project-type simulations using two state-of-the-art Earth system models (IPSL-CM and CESM) to isolate the response of u to the historical increase in LAI (representing the greening) for the period 1982-2011. Both models, forced with observed sea surface temperature and sea ice and with LAI from satellite observation, captured the observed strengthening of Pacific trade winds and Southern Ocean westerly winds. However, these simulations did not reproduce the weakening of surface winds over land as significantly as it appears in the observations (−0.006 m s −1 versus −0.198 m s −1 during 1982-2011), indicating that enhanced LAI (greening) is not a dominant driver for terrestrial stilling. |
author2 |
Sino-French Institute for Earth System Science, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences Peking University Beijing Peking University Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique (UMR 8539) (LMD) Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Département des Géosciences - ENS Paris École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris) Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris) Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL) Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement Gif-sur-Yvette (LSCE) Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ) Orange Labs Cesson-Sévigné Orange Labs The First Institute of Oceanography, SOA Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Princeton University |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Zeng, Zhenzhong Piao, Shilong Li, Laurent Ciais, Philippe Li, Yue Cai, Xitian Yang, Long Liu, Maofeng Wood, Eric |
author_facet |
Zeng, Zhenzhong Piao, Shilong Li, Laurent Ciais, Philippe Li, Yue Cai, Xitian Yang, Long Liu, Maofeng Wood, Eric |
author_sort |
Zeng, Zhenzhong |
title |
Global terrestrial stilling: does Earth's greening play a role? |
title_short |
Global terrestrial stilling: does Earth's greening play a role? |
title_full |
Global terrestrial stilling: does Earth's greening play a role? |
title_fullStr |
Global terrestrial stilling: does Earth's greening play a role? |
title_full_unstemmed |
Global terrestrial stilling: does Earth's greening play a role? |
title_sort |
global terrestrial stilling: does earth's greening play a role? |
publisher |
HAL CCSD |
publishDate |
2018 |
url |
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02412929 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02412929/document https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02412929/file/HAL-146-Zeng_2018_Environ._Res._Lett._13_124013.pdf https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aaea84 |
geographic |
Pacific Southern Ocean |
geographic_facet |
Pacific Southern Ocean |
genre |
Sea ice Southern Ocean |
genre_facet |
Sea ice Southern Ocean |
op_source |
ISSN: 1748-9326 Environmental Research Letters https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02412929 Environmental Research Letters, IOP Publishing, 2018, 13 (12), pp.124013. ⟨10.1088/1748-9326/aaea84⟩ |
op_relation |
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1088/1748-9326/aaea84 hal-02412929 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02412929 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02412929/document https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02412929/file/HAL-146-Zeng_2018_Environ._Res._Lett._13_124013.pdf doi:10.1088/1748-9326/aaea84 |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aaea84 |
container_title |
Environmental Research Letters |
container_volume |
13 |
container_issue |
12 |
container_start_page |
124013 |
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1766195439547187200 |
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ftccsdartic:oai:HAL:hal-02412929v1 2023-05-15T18:18:45+02:00 Global terrestrial stilling: does Earth's greening play a role? Zeng, Zhenzhong Piao, Shilong Li, Laurent Ciais, Philippe Li, Yue Cai, Xitian Yang, Long Liu, Maofeng Wood, Eric Sino-French Institute for Earth System Science, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences Peking University Beijing Peking University Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique (UMR 8539) (LMD) Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Département des Géosciences - ENS Paris École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris) Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris) Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL) Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement Gif-sur-Yvette (LSCE) Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ) Orange Labs Cesson-Sévigné Orange Labs The First Institute of Oceanography, SOA Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Princeton University 2018 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02412929 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02412929/document https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02412929/file/HAL-146-Zeng_2018_Environ._Res._Lett._13_124013.pdf https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aaea84 en eng HAL CCSD IOP Publishing info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1088/1748-9326/aaea84 hal-02412929 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02412929 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02412929/document https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02412929/file/HAL-146-Zeng_2018_Environ._Res._Lett._13_124013.pdf doi:10.1088/1748-9326/aaea84 info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess ISSN: 1748-9326 Environmental Research Letters https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02412929 Environmental Research Letters, IOP Publishing, 2018, 13 (12), pp.124013. ⟨10.1088/1748-9326/aaea84⟩ weather station terrestrial stilling Earth's greening surface wind speed surface roughness leaf area index [SDU.STU.CL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Climatology info:eu-repo/semantics/article Journal articles 2018 ftccsdartic https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aaea84 2021-12-19T01:35:23Z International audience Previous studies have documented that surface wind speed (u) has been increasing over the ocean but decreasing over land for the past several decades. The decreasing u at the surface over land has been referred to as terrestrial stilling. A plausible hypothesis for terrestrial stilling is an increase in surface roughness associated with changes in land surface (e.g. enhanced vegetation growth, landscape fragmentation or urbanization). One of the most widespread land surface changes is enhanced vegetation leaf area index (LAI) known as greening, particularly over the middle to high latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere where strong stilling is observed from weather station data. In this study, we examine the hypothesis that enhanced vegetation LAI is a key driver of global terrestrial stilling. We first characterized the trend in u over the ocean using long-term satellite altimeter measurements, and the trend in u over land using continuous wind records from 4305 in situ meteorological stations. We then performed initial condition ensemble Atmospheric Model Intercomparison Project-type simulations using two state-of-the-art Earth system models (IPSL-CM and CESM) to isolate the response of u to the historical increase in LAI (representing the greening) for the period 1982-2011. Both models, forced with observed sea surface temperature and sea ice and with LAI from satellite observation, captured the observed strengthening of Pacific trade winds and Southern Ocean westerly winds. However, these simulations did not reproduce the weakening of surface winds over land as significantly as it appears in the observations (−0.006 m s −1 versus −0.198 m s −1 during 1982-2011), indicating that enhanced LAI (greening) is not a dominant driver for terrestrial stilling. Article in Journal/Newspaper Sea ice Southern Ocean Archive ouverte HAL (Hyper Article en Ligne, CCSD - Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe) Pacific Southern Ocean Environmental Research Letters 13 12 124013 |