Sub-chronic exposure to fluoxetine in juvenile oysters (Crassostrea gigas): uptake and biological effects

• Published in: Environmental Science and Pollution Research
• Main Authors: Di Poi, Carole, Evariste, Lauris, Séguin, Alexis, Mottier, Antoine, Pédelucq, Julie, Lebel, Jean-Marc, Serpentini, Antoine, Budzinski, Hélène, COSTIL, Katherine
• Other Authors: Groupe Mémoire et Plasticité comportementale (GMPc), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques (BOREA), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA), Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement (ECOLAB), Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Environnements et Paléoenvironnements OCéaniques (EPOC), Observatoire aquitain des sciences de l'univers (OASU), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physico -& Toxico Chimie des systèmes naturels (LPTC), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), This study was supported by the French National Research Agency (http://www.agence-nationale-recherche.fr/en/). Finally, we would like to thank the anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments for improving the manuscript., We gratefully acknowledge the staff of the laboratory UMR BOREA at the University of Caen and especially Béatrice Adeline. We are also grateful to our colleagues involved in the French program “Pharm@ecotox” and especially to Dr. Marie Pierre Halm-Lemeille who coordinates the program, for fruitful discussions. We thank Dr. Aude Jouaux, who quantified viral loads in oysters at the “Centre de Référence sur l’Huître” (CRH). We also thank the SATMAR team, who kindly provided us with juvenile oysters and the “Centre de Recherche en Environnement Côtier” (CREC) in Luc-sur-Mer, which provided technical facilities.
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: HAL CCSD 2016
• Subjects: Antidepressant; Enzymatic activities; Fluoxetine; Growth; Histopathology; Oxidative stress; Sub-chronic exposure; [SDV.TOX.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Toxicology/Ecotoxicology; Pacific; Crassostrea gigas; Pacific oyster
• Online Access: https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02277620; https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-014-3702-1

International audience The bioconcentration potential of fluoxetine (FLX) and its biological effects were investigated in juvenile Pacific oyster exposed for 28 days to environmentally relevant concentrations of FLX (1 ng L−1, 100 ng L−1 and up to 10 μg L−1). FLX bioaccumulated in oyster flesh resulting in 28-day bioconcentration factors greater than 2,000 and 10,000 by referring to wet and dry weights, respectively. Nevertheless, FLX did not induce oyster mortality, delayed gametogenesis, or lead to adverse histopathological alterations. At the two highest concentrations, despite non-optimal trophic conditions, FLX stimulated shell growth but only in a transient manner, suggesting a role of serotonin in the regulation of feeding and metabolism in bivalves. Those high concentrations seemed to drive bell-shaped responses of catalase and glutathione S-transferase activities throughout the exposure period, which may indicate the activation of antioxidant enzyme synthesis and then an enhanced catabolic rate or direct inhibition of those enzymes. However, no clear oxidative stress was detected because no strong differences in thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance (TBARS) content (i.e. lipid peroxidation) were observed between oyster groups, suggesting that cellular defence mechanisms were effective. These results demonstrate the importance of considering additional biomarkers of oxidative stress to obtain a comprehensive overview of the FLX-induced changes in marine bivalves exposed under realistic conditions. Considering the battery of biomarkers used, FLX appears to induce little or no effects on oyster physiology even at a concentration of 10 μg L−1. These results do not confirm the lowest observed effect concentration (LOEC) values reported by some authors in other mollusc species.