Multiple sulfur isotope signals associated with the late Smithian event and the Smithian/Spathian boundary.

• Published in: Earth-Science Reviews
• Main Authors: Thomazo, Christophe, Brayard, Arnaud, Elmeknassi, S., Vennin, Emmanuelle, Olivier, Nicolas, Caravaca, Gwénaël, Escarguel, Gilles, Fara, Emmanuel, Bylund, Kevin G., Jenks, James F., Stephen, D.A., Killingsworth, B., Sansjofre, Pierre, Cartigny, P.
• Other Authors: Biogéosciences UMR 6282 Dijon (BGS), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Magmas et Volcans (LMV), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Jean Monnet Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement et la société-Université Clermont Auvergne 2017-2020 (UCA 2017-2020 )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire de Physique du Globe de Clermont-Ferrand (OPGC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne 2017-2020 (UCA 2017-2020 )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne 2017-2020 (UCA 2017-2020 )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Laboratoire d'Ecologie des Hydrosystèmes Naturels et Anthropisés (LEHNA), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État (ENTPE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Earth Science, Utah Valley University (UVU), Laboratoire Géosciences Océan (LGO), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer - Brest (IFREMER Centre de Bretagne), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPGP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-IPG PARIS-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Work supported by the French “Investissements d'Avenir” Program and by the FEDER Bourgogne., ANR-13-JS06-0001,AFTER,Après la fin : la reconstruction des communautés marines durant la rediversification du Trias inférieur.(2013), ANR-15-IDEX-0003,BFC,ISITE " BFC(2015)
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: HAL CCSD 2019
• Subjects: [SDU.STU.GC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geochemistry; Ocean acidification
• Online Access: https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02270774; https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02270774/document; https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02270774/file/S0012825217306463.pdf; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2018.06.019

18 pages International audience The Early Triassic is generally portrayed as a time of various, high ecological stresses leading to a delayed biotic recovery after the devastating end-Permian mass extinction. This interval is notably characterized by repeated biotic crises (e.g., during the late Smithian), large-scale fluctuations of the global carbon, nitrogen and sulfur cycles as well as harsh marine conditions including a combination of ocean acidification, anoxia, extreme seawater temperatures and shifting productivity. Observations from different paleolatitudes suggest that sulfidic (H2S-rich) conditions may have developed widely during the Early Triassic, possibly reaching up to ultra-shallow environments in some places. However, the existence and the spatio-temporal extent of such redox swings remain poorly constrained. In order to explore Early Triassic paleoceanographic redox changes and their potential influences on the biotic recovery, we analyzed multiple sulfur isotopes (32S, 33S, 34S, and 36S) of sedimentary pyrite and carbonate associated sulfate (δ34SCAS) from the Mineral Mountains section, Utah. Sediments from this section were mainly deposited in shallow waters and span the Smithian and lower Spathian. We report a 68‰ range of variations in δ34Spy associated with Δ33Spy varying from −0.01‰ to +0.12‰, whereas the δ34SCAS varies between +19.5‰ and + 34.8‰. We interpret the observed signal of multiple sulfur isotopes as reflecting the operation of pore-water synsedimentary microbial sulfate reduction in open system with respect to sulfates before the late Smithian, evolving to a closed system, sulfate limited, Rayleigh-type distillation across the Smithian/Spathian boundary (SSB) and immediately after the SSB. We argue that this marked change is driven by the effectiveness of the connection between the sedimentary pore waters and the overlying water column, which is, in this case, controlled by the local sedimentological conditions such as the bioturbation intensity and the sedimentation rate. ...