Forecast communication through the newspaper Part 1: Framing the forecaster
International audience This review is split into two parts both of which address issues of forecast communication of an environmental disaster through the newspaper during a period of crisis. The first part explores the process by which information passes from the scientist or forecaster, through th...
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ftccsdartic:oai:HAL:hal-02114282v1 2023-05-15T16:09:42+02:00 Forecast communication through the newspaper Part 1: Framing the forecaster Harris, Andrew J.L. Laboratoire Magmas et Volcans (LMV) Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Jean Monnet Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Observatoire de Physique du Globe de Clermont-Ferrand (OPGC) Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) 2015-04 https://hal.uca.fr/hal-02114282 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00445-015-0899-x en eng HAL CCSD Springer Verlag info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1007/s00445-015-0899-x hal-02114282 https://hal.uca.fr/hal-02114282 doi:10.1007/s00445-015-0899-x ISSN: 0258-8900 EISSN: 1432-0819 Bulletin of Volcanology https://hal.uca.fr/hal-02114282 Bulletin of Volcanology, Springer Verlag, 2015, 77 (4), ⟨10.1007/s00445-015-0899-x⟩ Environmental hazard Forecast Newspaper Media filter Communication Frame Blame Social amplification of risk [SDU.STU.VO]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Volcanology info:eu-repo/semantics/article Journal articles 2015 ftccsdartic https://doi.org/10.1007/s00445-015-0899-x 2021-10-24T04:40:53Z International audience This review is split into two parts both of which address issues of forecast communication of an environmental disaster through the newspaper during a period of crisis. The first part explores the process by which information passes from the scientist or forecaster, through the media filter, to the public. As part of this filter preference, omission, selection of data, source, quote and story, as well as placement of the same information within an individual piece or within the newspaper itself, can serve to distort the message. The result is the introduction of bias and slant—that is, the message becomes distorted so as to favor one side of the argument against another as it passes through the filter. Bias can be used to support spin or agenda setting, so that a particular emphasis becomes placed on the story which exerts an influence on the reader’s judgment. The net result of the filter components is either a negative (contrary) or positive (supportive) frame. Tabloidization of the news has also resulted in the use of strong, evocative, exaggerated words, headlines and images to support a frame. I illustrate these various elements of the media filter using coverage of the air space closure due to the April 2010 eruption of Eyjafjallajökull (Iceland). Using the British press coverage of this event it is not difficult to find examples of all media filter elements, application of which resulted in bias against the forecast and forecaster. These actors then became named and blamed. Within this logic, it becomes only too easy for forecasters and scientists to be framed in a negative way through blame culture. The result is that forecast is framed in such a way so as to cause the forecaster to be blamed for all losses associated with the loss-causing event. Within the social amplification of risk framework (SARF), this can amplify a negative impression of the risk, the event and the response. However, actions can be taken to avoid such an outcome. These actions revolve around use of words ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Eyjafjallajökull Iceland Archive ouverte HAL (Hyper Article en Ligne, CCSD - Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe) Bulletin of Volcanology 77 4 |
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Open Polar |
collection |
Archive ouverte HAL (Hyper Article en Ligne, CCSD - Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe) |
op_collection_id |
ftccsdartic |
language |
English |
topic |
Environmental hazard Forecast Newspaper Media filter Communication Frame Blame Social amplification of risk [SDU.STU.VO]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Volcanology |
spellingShingle |
Environmental hazard Forecast Newspaper Media filter Communication Frame Blame Social amplification of risk [SDU.STU.VO]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Volcanology Harris, Andrew J.L. Forecast communication through the newspaper Part 1: Framing the forecaster |
topic_facet |
Environmental hazard Forecast Newspaper Media filter Communication Frame Blame Social amplification of risk [SDU.STU.VO]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Volcanology |
description |
International audience This review is split into two parts both of which address issues of forecast communication of an environmental disaster through the newspaper during a period of crisis. The first part explores the process by which information passes from the scientist or forecaster, through the media filter, to the public. As part of this filter preference, omission, selection of data, source, quote and story, as well as placement of the same information within an individual piece or within the newspaper itself, can serve to distort the message. The result is the introduction of bias and slant—that is, the message becomes distorted so as to favor one side of the argument against another as it passes through the filter. Bias can be used to support spin or agenda setting, so that a particular emphasis becomes placed on the story which exerts an influence on the reader’s judgment. The net result of the filter components is either a negative (contrary) or positive (supportive) frame. Tabloidization of the news has also resulted in the use of strong, evocative, exaggerated words, headlines and images to support a frame. I illustrate these various elements of the media filter using coverage of the air space closure due to the April 2010 eruption of Eyjafjallajökull (Iceland). Using the British press coverage of this event it is not difficult to find examples of all media filter elements, application of which resulted in bias against the forecast and forecaster. These actors then became named and blamed. Within this logic, it becomes only too easy for forecasters and scientists to be framed in a negative way through blame culture. The result is that forecast is framed in such a way so as to cause the forecaster to be blamed for all losses associated with the loss-causing event. Within the social amplification of risk framework (SARF), this can amplify a negative impression of the risk, the event and the response. However, actions can be taken to avoid such an outcome. These actions revolve around use of words ... |
author2 |
Laboratoire Magmas et Volcans (LMV) Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Jean Monnet Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Observatoire de Physique du Globe de Clermont-Ferrand (OPGC) Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Harris, Andrew J.L. |
author_facet |
Harris, Andrew J.L. |
author_sort |
Harris, Andrew J.L. |
title |
Forecast communication through the newspaper Part 1: Framing the forecaster |
title_short |
Forecast communication through the newspaper Part 1: Framing the forecaster |
title_full |
Forecast communication through the newspaper Part 1: Framing the forecaster |
title_fullStr |
Forecast communication through the newspaper Part 1: Framing the forecaster |
title_full_unstemmed |
Forecast communication through the newspaper Part 1: Framing the forecaster |
title_sort |
forecast communication through the newspaper part 1: framing the forecaster |
publisher |
HAL CCSD |
publishDate |
2015 |
url |
https://hal.uca.fr/hal-02114282 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00445-015-0899-x |
genre |
Eyjafjallajökull Iceland |
genre_facet |
Eyjafjallajökull Iceland |
op_source |
ISSN: 0258-8900 EISSN: 1432-0819 Bulletin of Volcanology https://hal.uca.fr/hal-02114282 Bulletin of Volcanology, Springer Verlag, 2015, 77 (4), ⟨10.1007/s00445-015-0899-x⟩ |
op_relation |
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1007/s00445-015-0899-x hal-02114282 https://hal.uca.fr/hal-02114282 doi:10.1007/s00445-015-0899-x |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00445-015-0899-x |
container_title |
Bulletin of Volcanology |
container_volume |
77 |
container_issue |
4 |
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1766405535237668864 |