Limits of Life and the Habitability of Mars: The ESA Space Experiment BIOMEX on the ISS
International audience BIOMEX (BIOlogy and Mars EXperiment) is an ESA/Roscosmos space exposure experiment housed within the exposure facility EXPOSE-R2 outside the Zvezda module on the International Space Station (ISS). The design of the multiuser facility supports-among others-the BIOMEX investigat...
Published in: | Astrobiology |
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Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
Other Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
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HAL CCSD
2019
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Online Access: | https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02086947 https://doi.org/10.1089/ast.2018.1897 |
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Archive ouverte HAL (Hyper Article en Ligne, CCSD - Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe) |
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ftccsdartic |
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English |
topic |
BIOMEX EXPOSE-R2 Extremophiles Habitability Limits of life Mars [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics] |
spellingShingle |
BIOMEX EXPOSE-R2 Extremophiles Habitability Limits of life Mars [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics] de Vera, Jean-Pierre Alawi, Mashal Backhaus, Theresa Baque, Mickael Billi, Daniela Böttger, Ute Berger, Thomas Bohmeier, Maria Cockell, Charles Demets, René de la Torre Noetzel, Rosa Edwards, Howell Elsaesser, Andreas Fagliarone, Claudia Fiedler, Annelie Foing, Bernard Foucher, Frédéric Fritz, Jörg Hanke, Franziska Herzog, Thomas Horneck, Gerda Hübers, Heinz-Wilhelm Huwe, Björn Joshi, Jasmin Kozyrovska, Natalia Kruchten, Martha Lasch, Peter Lee, Natuschka Leuko, Stefan Leya, Thomas Lorek, Andreas Martinez-Frias, Jesus Meessen, Joachim Moritz, Sophie Moeller, Ralf Olsson-Francis, Karen Onofri, Silvano Ott, Sieglinde Pacelli, Claudia Podolich, Olga Rabbow, Elke Reitz, Günther Rettberg, Petra Reva, Oleg Rothschild, Lynn Sancho, Leo Garcia Schulze-Makuch, Dirk Selbmann, Laura Serrano, Paloma Szewzyk, Ulrich Limits of Life and the Habitability of Mars: The ESA Space Experiment BIOMEX on the ISS |
topic_facet |
BIOMEX EXPOSE-R2 Extremophiles Habitability Limits of life Mars [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics] |
description |
International audience BIOMEX (BIOlogy and Mars EXperiment) is an ESA/Roscosmos space exposure experiment housed within the exposure facility EXPOSE-R2 outside the Zvezda module on the International Space Station (ISS). The design of the multiuser facility supports-among others-the BIOMEX investigations into the stability and level of degradation of space-exposed biosignatures such as pigments, secondary metabolites, and cell surfaces in contact with a terrestrial and Mars analog mineral environment. In parallel, analysis on the viability of the investigated organisms has provided relevant data for evaluation of the habitability of Mars, for the limits of life, and for the likelihood of an interplanetary transfer of life (theory of lithopanspermia). In this project, lichens, archaea, bacteria, cyanobacteria, snow/permafrost algae, meristematic black fungi, and bryophytes from alpine and polar habitats were embedded, grown, and cultured on a mixture of martian and lunar regolith analogs or other terrestrial minerals. The organisms and regolith analogs and terrestrial mineral mixtures were then exposed to space and to simulated Mars-like conditions by way of the EXPOSE-R2 facility. In this special issue, we present the first set of data obtained in reference to our investigation into the habitability of Mars and limits of life. This project was initiated and implemented by the BIOMEX group, an international and interdisciplinary consortium of 30 institutes in 12 countries on 3 continents. Preflight tests for sample selection, results from ground-based simulation experiments, and the space experiments themselves are presented and include a complete overview of the scientific processes required for this space experiment and postflight analysis. The presented BIOMEX concept could be scaled up to future exposure experiments on the Moon and will serve as a pretest in low Earth orbit. |
author2 |
DLR Institut für Planetenforschung Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt Berlin (DLR) Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron Pôle Chimie Balard (IBMM) Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier (ENSCM) Università degli Studi di Roma Tor Vergata Roma Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt Köln (DLR) SUPA School of Physics and Astronomy Edinburgh University of Edinburgh European Space Research and Technology Centre (ESTEC) European Space Agency (ESA) Earth Observation, Remote Sensing and Atmosphere Department INTA Leiden Institute of Chemistry Universiteit Leiden Leiden Centre de biophysique moléculaire (CBM) Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC) Saalbau Weltraum Projekt DLR Institut für Luft- und Raumfahrtmedizin Universität Potsdam National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (NASU) Fraunhofer Institute for Biomedical Engineering Sulzbach (Fraunhofer IBMT) Fraunhofer (Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft) Centro de Astrobiologia Madrid (CAB) Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas Madrid (CSIC)-Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA) Heinrich Heine Universität Düsseldorf = Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf The Open University Milton Keynes (OU) Università degli studi della Tuscia Viterbo NASA Ames Research Center (ARC) Joint Center for Structural Genomics (JCSG) Stanford University Technische Universität Berlin (TU) |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
de Vera, Jean-Pierre Alawi, Mashal Backhaus, Theresa Baque, Mickael Billi, Daniela Böttger, Ute Berger, Thomas Bohmeier, Maria Cockell, Charles Demets, René de la Torre Noetzel, Rosa Edwards, Howell Elsaesser, Andreas Fagliarone, Claudia Fiedler, Annelie Foing, Bernard Foucher, Frédéric Fritz, Jörg Hanke, Franziska Herzog, Thomas Horneck, Gerda Hübers, Heinz-Wilhelm Huwe, Björn Joshi, Jasmin Kozyrovska, Natalia Kruchten, Martha Lasch, Peter Lee, Natuschka Leuko, Stefan Leya, Thomas Lorek, Andreas Martinez-Frias, Jesus Meessen, Joachim Moritz, Sophie Moeller, Ralf Olsson-Francis, Karen Onofri, Silvano Ott, Sieglinde Pacelli, Claudia Podolich, Olga Rabbow, Elke Reitz, Günther Rettberg, Petra Reva, Oleg Rothschild, Lynn Sancho, Leo Garcia Schulze-Makuch, Dirk Selbmann, Laura Serrano, Paloma Szewzyk, Ulrich |
author_facet |
de Vera, Jean-Pierre Alawi, Mashal Backhaus, Theresa Baque, Mickael Billi, Daniela Böttger, Ute Berger, Thomas Bohmeier, Maria Cockell, Charles Demets, René de la Torre Noetzel, Rosa Edwards, Howell Elsaesser, Andreas Fagliarone, Claudia Fiedler, Annelie Foing, Bernard Foucher, Frédéric Fritz, Jörg Hanke, Franziska Herzog, Thomas Horneck, Gerda Hübers, Heinz-Wilhelm Huwe, Björn Joshi, Jasmin Kozyrovska, Natalia Kruchten, Martha Lasch, Peter Lee, Natuschka Leuko, Stefan Leya, Thomas Lorek, Andreas Martinez-Frias, Jesus Meessen, Joachim Moritz, Sophie Moeller, Ralf Olsson-Francis, Karen Onofri, Silvano Ott, Sieglinde Pacelli, Claudia Podolich, Olga Rabbow, Elke Reitz, Günther Rettberg, Petra Reva, Oleg Rothschild, Lynn Sancho, Leo Garcia Schulze-Makuch, Dirk Selbmann, Laura Serrano, Paloma Szewzyk, Ulrich |
author_sort |
de Vera, Jean-Pierre |
title |
Limits of Life and the Habitability of Mars: The ESA Space Experiment BIOMEX on the ISS |
title_short |
Limits of Life and the Habitability of Mars: The ESA Space Experiment BIOMEX on the ISS |
title_full |
Limits of Life and the Habitability of Mars: The ESA Space Experiment BIOMEX on the ISS |
title_fullStr |
Limits of Life and the Habitability of Mars: The ESA Space Experiment BIOMEX on the ISS |
title_full_unstemmed |
Limits of Life and the Habitability of Mars: The ESA Space Experiment BIOMEX on the ISS |
title_sort |
limits of life and the habitability of mars: the esa space experiment biomex on the iss |
publisher |
HAL CCSD |
publishDate |
2019 |
url |
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02086947 https://doi.org/10.1089/ast.2018.1897 |
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ENVELOPE(78.450,78.450,-68.550,-68.550) |
geographic |
Zvezda |
geographic_facet |
Zvezda |
genre |
permafrost |
genre_facet |
permafrost |
op_source |
ISSN: 1531-1074 Astrobiology https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02086947 Astrobiology, Mary Ann Liebert, 2019, 19 (2), pp.145-157. ⟨10.1089/ast.2018.1897⟩ |
op_relation |
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1089/ast.2018.1897 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pmid/30742496 hal-02086947 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02086947 doi:10.1089/ast.2018.1897 PUBMED: 30742496 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1089/ast.2018.1897 |
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Astrobiology |
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19 |
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2 |
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145 |
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ftccsdartic:oai:HAL:hal-02086947v1 2023-05-15T17:58:14+02:00 Limits of Life and the Habitability of Mars: The ESA Space Experiment BIOMEX on the ISS de Vera, Jean-Pierre Alawi, Mashal Backhaus, Theresa Baque, Mickael Billi, Daniela Böttger, Ute Berger, Thomas Bohmeier, Maria Cockell, Charles Demets, René de la Torre Noetzel, Rosa Edwards, Howell Elsaesser, Andreas Fagliarone, Claudia Fiedler, Annelie Foing, Bernard Foucher, Frédéric Fritz, Jörg Hanke, Franziska Herzog, Thomas Horneck, Gerda Hübers, Heinz-Wilhelm Huwe, Björn Joshi, Jasmin Kozyrovska, Natalia Kruchten, Martha Lasch, Peter Lee, Natuschka Leuko, Stefan Leya, Thomas Lorek, Andreas Martinez-Frias, Jesus Meessen, Joachim Moritz, Sophie Moeller, Ralf Olsson-Francis, Karen Onofri, Silvano Ott, Sieglinde Pacelli, Claudia Podolich, Olga Rabbow, Elke Reitz, Günther Rettberg, Petra Reva, Oleg Rothschild, Lynn Sancho, Leo Garcia Schulze-Makuch, Dirk Selbmann, Laura Serrano, Paloma Szewzyk, Ulrich DLR Institut für Planetenforschung Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt Berlin (DLR) Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron Pôle Chimie Balard (IBMM) Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier (ENSCM) Università degli Studi di Roma Tor Vergata Roma Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt Köln (DLR) SUPA School of Physics and Astronomy Edinburgh University of Edinburgh European Space Research and Technology Centre (ESTEC) European Space Agency (ESA) Earth Observation, Remote Sensing and Atmosphere Department INTA Leiden Institute of Chemistry Universiteit Leiden Leiden Centre de biophysique moléculaire (CBM) Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC) Saalbau Weltraum Projekt DLR Institut für Luft- und Raumfahrtmedizin Universität Potsdam National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (NASU) Fraunhofer Institute for Biomedical Engineering Sulzbach (Fraunhofer IBMT) Fraunhofer (Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft) Centro de Astrobiologia Madrid (CAB) Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas Madrid (CSIC)-Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA) Heinrich Heine Universität Düsseldorf = Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf The Open University Milton Keynes (OU) Università degli studi della Tuscia Viterbo NASA Ames Research Center (ARC) Joint Center for Structural Genomics (JCSG) Stanford University Technische Universität Berlin (TU) 2019-02 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02086947 https://doi.org/10.1089/ast.2018.1897 en eng HAL CCSD Mary Ann Liebert info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1089/ast.2018.1897 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pmid/30742496 hal-02086947 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02086947 doi:10.1089/ast.2018.1897 PUBMED: 30742496 ISSN: 1531-1074 Astrobiology https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02086947 Astrobiology, Mary Ann Liebert, 2019, 19 (2), pp.145-157. ⟨10.1089/ast.2018.1897⟩ BIOMEX EXPOSE-R2 Extremophiles Habitability Limits of life Mars [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics] info:eu-repo/semantics/article Journal articles 2019 ftccsdartic https://doi.org/10.1089/ast.2018.1897 2021-12-12T02:42:32Z International audience BIOMEX (BIOlogy and Mars EXperiment) is an ESA/Roscosmos space exposure experiment housed within the exposure facility EXPOSE-R2 outside the Zvezda module on the International Space Station (ISS). The design of the multiuser facility supports-among others-the BIOMEX investigations into the stability and level of degradation of space-exposed biosignatures such as pigments, secondary metabolites, and cell surfaces in contact with a terrestrial and Mars analog mineral environment. In parallel, analysis on the viability of the investigated organisms has provided relevant data for evaluation of the habitability of Mars, for the limits of life, and for the likelihood of an interplanetary transfer of life (theory of lithopanspermia). In this project, lichens, archaea, bacteria, cyanobacteria, snow/permafrost algae, meristematic black fungi, and bryophytes from alpine and polar habitats were embedded, grown, and cultured on a mixture of martian and lunar regolith analogs or other terrestrial minerals. The organisms and regolith analogs and terrestrial mineral mixtures were then exposed to space and to simulated Mars-like conditions by way of the EXPOSE-R2 facility. In this special issue, we present the first set of data obtained in reference to our investigation into the habitability of Mars and limits of life. This project was initiated and implemented by the BIOMEX group, an international and interdisciplinary consortium of 30 institutes in 12 countries on 3 continents. Preflight tests for sample selection, results from ground-based simulation experiments, and the space experiments themselves are presented and include a complete overview of the scientific processes required for this space experiment and postflight analysis. The presented BIOMEX concept could be scaled up to future exposure experiments on the Moon and will serve as a pretest in low Earth orbit. Article in Journal/Newspaper permafrost Archive ouverte HAL (Hyper Article en Ligne, CCSD - Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe) Zvezda ENVELOPE(78.450,78.450,-68.550,-68.550) Astrobiology 19 2 145 157 |