Lipases/Acyltransferases for Lipid Modification in Aqueous Media

• Main Authors: Subileau, Maeva, Jan, Anne Hélène, Dubreucq, Eric
• Other Authors: Ingénierie des Agro-polymères et Technologies Émergentes (UMR IATE), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)
• Format: Book Part
• Language: English
• Published: HAL CCSD 2018
• Subjects: CpLIP2 from Candida parapsilosis; Acyltransfer; Alcoholysis; Biocatalysis; CAL-A from Moeziomyces antarcticus (Candida antarctica); Structure/function; Transesterification; aqueous medium; acétyltransférase; hydrolase; milieu aqueux; lipase; [SDV.IDA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineering; Antarc*; Antarctica; antarcticus
• Online Access: https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01918043; https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-813167-1.00003-7

Lipases/acyltransferases are a special group of lipases with highly enhanced affinity for other nucleophiles than water compared to classical lipases. In the presence of a suitable acceptor, they catalyze acyltransfer reactions (such as alcoholysis, aminolysis, or perhydrolysis) much faster than hydrolysis even in aqueous media with a high thermodynamic activity of water (aW). This allows kinetically controlled reactions where the donor ester is fully converted into the ester product before any significant release of free fatty acids. This chapter will discuss the kinetic aspects of the competitive reactions catalyzed by lipases/acyltransferases, propose a model, and a procedure to quantify their acyltransferase character, present some applications, and give an overview of currently known lipases/acyltransferases and of the structural studies and protein engineering strategies that have aimed at further improving their catalytic properties or even at turning lipases into acyltransferases.